Leeuwenhoek S Legatees And Beijerinck S Beneficiaries

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Leeuwenhoek's Legatees and Beijerinck's Beneficiaries

Gerard van Doornum,Ton van Helvoort,Neeraja Sankaran
Leeuwenhoek s Legatees and Beijerinck s Beneficiaries Book PDF

Author : Gerard van Doornum,Ton van Helvoort,Neeraja Sankaran
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9789048544066

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Leeuwenhoek's Legatees and Beijerinck's Beneficiaries by Gerard van Doornum,Ton van Helvoort,Neeraja Sankaran Pdf

This book offers a tour of the history of medical virology in the Netherlands from the nineteenth century to the new millennium. Beginning with the discovery of the first virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, the authors investigate the reception and redefinition of his concept in medical circles and its implications for medical practice, particularly in the diagnosis and prevention of viral infections. The relatively slow progress of these areas in the first half of the twentieth century and their explosive growth in the wake of molecular techniques are examined. The surveillance and control of virus diseases in the field of public health is treated in depth, as are tumour virus research and the important Dutch contributions to technical developments instrumental in advancing virology worldwide. Particular attention is paid to oft forgotten virus research in the former Dutch colonies in the East and West Indies and Africa.

Immunization and States

Stuart Blume,Baptiste Baylac-Paouly
Immunization and States Book PDF

Author : Stuart Blume,Baptiste Baylac-Paouly
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000477757

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Immunization and States by Stuart Blume,Baptiste Baylac-Paouly Pdf

Globally, there has been a move away from national public sector vaccine development over the past 30 years. Immunization and States: The Politics of Making Vaccines explores vaccine geopolitics, analyzing why, and how this move happened, before looking at the ramifications in the context of Covid-19. This unique book uses eight country studies – looking at Croatia, India, Iran, the Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Spain, and Sweden – to explore the role of public sector vaccine institutes, past and present. Raising questions about national sovereignty, the erosion of multilateralism, and geopolitics, it also contributes to debates around public interest and privatization in the health sector. An extended introduction sets the chapters in an international context, whilst the epilogue looks forward to the future of vaccine development and production. This is an important book for students, scholars, and practitioners with an interest in vaccine development from a range of fields, including public health, medicine, science and technology studies, history of medicine, politics, international relations, and the sociology of health and illness.

A Tale of Two Viruses

Neeraja Sankaran
A Tale of Two Viruses Book PDF

Author : Neeraja Sankaran
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822987710

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A Tale of Two Viruses by Neeraja Sankaran Pdf

In 1965, French microbiologist André Lwoff was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on lysogeny—one of the two types of viral life cycles—which resolved a contentious debate among scientists about the nature of viruses. A Tale of Two Viruses is the first study of medical virology to compare the history of two groups of medically important viruses—bacteriophages, which infect bacteria, and sarcoma agents, which cause cancer—and the importance of Lwoff’s discovery to our modern understanding of what a virus is. Although these two groups of viruses may at first glance appear to have little in common, they share uniquely parallel histories. The lysogenic cycle, unlike the lytic, enables viruses to replicate in the host cell without destroying it and to remain dormant in a cell’s genetic material indefinitely, or until induced by UV radiation. But until Lwoff’s discovery of the mechanism of lysogeny, microbiologist Félix d’Herelle and pathologist Peyton Rous, who themselves first discovered and argued for the viral identity of bacteriophages and certain types of cancer, respectively, faced opposition from contemporary researchers who would not accept their findings. By following the research trajectories of the two virus groups, Sankaran takes a novel approach to the history of the development of the field of medical virology, considering both the flux in scientific concepts over time and the broader scientific landscapes or styles that shaped those ideas and practices.

Saint Anthony's Fire from Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century

Alessandra Foscati
Saint Anthony s Fire from Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century Book PDF

Author : Alessandra Foscati
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : MEDICAL
ISBN : 9462983348

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Saint Anthony's Fire from Antiquity to the Eighteenth Century by Alessandra Foscati Pdf

After the discovery of the ergotism epidemics (poisoning caused by ingesting the fungal toxin of rye) and its etiology, eighteenth-century physicians interpreted medieval chronicles in their medical texts in order to recognize the occurrences of ergotic diseases through retrospective diagnosis. They assumed that St. Anthony's fire and ignis sacer ("sacred fire") recorded in medieval texts represented the same disease, ergotism. This interpretative method, lacking a textual basis in the sources, has been incorrectly followed by historians till now. This book examines this historical prejudice through textual analysis, comparing diverse medieval and early modern sources. A striking semantic complexity emerges that changes the concept of St. Anthony's fire and modifies our understanding of diseases in general. This research illuminates aspects of the history of medicine, society, and hospitals.

The City of Falling Angels

John Berendt
The City of Falling Angels Book PDF

Author : John Berendt
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006-09-26
Category : Travel
ISBN : 0143036939

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The City of Falling Angels by John Berendt Pdf

A #1 New York Times Bestseller! "Funny, insightful, illuminating . . ." —The Boston Globe Twelve years ago, Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil exploded into a monumental success, residing a record-breaking four years on the New York Times bestseller list (longer than any work of fiction or nonfiction had before) and turning John Berendt into a household name. The City of Falling Angels is Berendt's first book since Midnight, and it immediately reminds one what all the fuss was about. Turning to the magic, mystery, and decadence of Venice, Berendt gradually reveals the truth behind a sensational fire that in 1996 destroyed the historic Fenice opera house. Encountering a rich cast of characters, Berendt tells a tale full of atmosphere and surprise as the stories build, one after the other, ultimately coming together to portray a world as finely drawn as a still-life painting.

The Epic History of Biology

Anthony Serafini
The Epic History of Biology Book PDF

Author : Anthony Serafini
Publisher : Springer
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489963277

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The Epic History of Biology by Anthony Serafini Pdf

The search for our elusive human origins and an understanding of the mysteries of the human body have challenged the most inquisitive and imaginative thinkers from Egyptian times through the twentieth century. In The Epic History of Biology, Anthony Serafini - a distinguished philosopher and historian of science - regales the reader with the triumphs and failures of the geniuses of the life sciences. The subtleties of the animal kingdom - anatomy, zoology, and reproduction - along with the complexities of the plant kingdom, have fascinated humanity as far back as 5000 years ago. Astounding ancient knowledge of the arcane curing powers of herbs as well as early experimentation with different chemical combinations for such purposes as mummification led to today's biological technology. Innovative pioneers such as Aristotle, Galen, Hippocrates, and Vesalius challenged the limits of knowledge and single-mindedly pursued their work, often in the face of blind superstition. In superb, lyrical prose Serafini recreates the ideas and theories of these revolutionaries from ancient times through today, against the backdrop of the dogma and prejudices of their time. He explores the inspired revelations that gave birth to such discoveries as the controversial theory of evolution, the humble origins of genetics, the fantastic predictions of quantum mechanics, and the infinite promise of computer technology. Even today the biological sciences are undergoing rapid and kaleidoscopic changes. Every new insight gives rise to a myriad of new ethical questions and responsibilities. The Epic History of Biology confronts these issues head on and predicts the wondrous new directions biology will follow.

Viral Molecular Machines

Michael G. Rossmann,Venigalla B. Rao
Viral Molecular Machines Book PDF

Author : Michael G. Rossmann,Venigalla B. Rao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 685 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461409809

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Viral Molecular Machines by Michael G. Rossmann,Venigalla B. Rao Pdf

This book will contain a series of solicited chapters that concern with the molecular machines required by viruses to perform various essential functions of virus life cycle. The first three chapters (Introduction, Molecular Machines and Virus Architecture) introduce the reader to the best known molecular machines and to the structure of viruses. The remainder of the book will examine in detail various stages of the viral life cycle. Beginning with the viral entry into a host cell, the book takes the reader through replication of the genome, synthesis and assembly of viral structural components, genome packaging and maturation into an infectious virion. Each chapter will describe the components of the respective machine in molecular or atomic detail, genetic and biochemical analyses, and mechanism. Topics are carefully selected so that the reader is exposed to systems where there is a substantial infusion of new knowledge in recent years, which greatly elevated the fundamental mechanistic understanding of the respective molecular machine. The authors will be encouraged to simplify the detailed knowledge to basic concepts, include provocative new ideas, as well as design colorful graphics, thus making the cutting-edge information accessible to broad audience.

Unravelling the Double Helix

Gareth Williams
Unravelling the Double Helix Book PDF

Author : Gareth Williams
Publisher : Hachette UK
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781474609388

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Unravelling the Double Helix by Gareth Williams Pdf

DNA. The double helix; the blueprint of life; and, during the early 1950s, a baffling enigma that could win a Nobel Prize. Everyone knows that James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix. In fact, they clicked into place the last piece of a huge jigsaw puzzle that other researchers had assembled over decades. Researchers like Maurice Wilkins (the 'Third Man of DNA') and Rosalind Franklin, famously demonised by Watson. Not forgetting the 'lost heroes' who fought to prove that DNA is the stuff of genes, only to be airbrushed out of history. In Unravelling the Double Helix, Professor Gareth Williams sets the record straight. He tells the story of DNA in the round, from its discovery in pus-soaked bandages in 1868 to the aftermath of Watson's best-seller The Double Helix a century later. You don't need to be a scientist to enjoy this book. It's a page-turner that unfolds like a detective story, with suspense, false leads and treachery, and a fabulous cast of noble heroes and back-stabbing villains. But beware: some of the science is dreadful, and the heroes and villains may not be the ones you expect.

Virus as Populations

Esteban Domingo
Virus as Populations Book PDF

Author : Esteban Domingo
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128163320

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Virus as Populations by Esteban Domingo Pdf

Virus as Composition, Complexity, Quasispecies, Dynamics, and Biological Implications, Second Edition, explains the fundamental concepts surrounding viruses as complex populations during replication in infected hosts. Fundamental phenomena in virus behavior, such as adaptation to changing environments, capacity to produce disease, and the probability to be transmitted or respond to treatment all depend on virus population numbers. Concepts such as quasispecies dynamics, mutations rates, viral fitness, the effect of bottleneck events, population numbers in virus transmission and disease emergence, and new antiviral strategies are included. The book's main concepts are framed by recent observations on general virus diversity derived from metagenomic studies and current views on the origin and role of viruses in the evolution of the biosphere. Features current views on key steps in the origin of life and origins of viruses Includes examples relating ancestral features of viruses with their current adaptive capacity Explains complex phenomena in an organized and coherent fashion that is easy to comprehend and enjoyable to read Considers quasispecies as a framework to understand virus adaptability and disease processes

The Oxford Illustrated History of Science

Iwan Rhys Morus
The Oxford Illustrated History of Science Book PDF

Author : Iwan Rhys Morus
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199663279

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The Oxford Illustrated History of Science by Iwan Rhys Morus Pdf

The Oxford Illustrated History of Science offers readers an accessible and entertaining introduction to the history of science as well as a valuable and authoritative reference work.

Immunization

Stuart Blume
Immunization Book PDF

Author : Stuart Blume
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780238685

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Immunization by Stuart Blume Pdf

As the world pins its hope for the end of the coronavirus pandemic to the successful rollout of vaccines, this book offers a vital long view of such efforts—and our resistance to them. At a time when vaccines are a vital tool in the fight against COVID-19 in all its various mutations, this hard-hitting book takes a longer historical perspective. It argues that globalization and cuts to healthcare have been eroding faith in the institutions producing and providing vaccines for more than thirty years. It tells the history of immunization from the work of early pioneers such as Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch through the eradication of smallpox in 1980, to the recent introduction of new kinds of genetically engineered vaccines. Immunization exposes the limits of public health authorities while suggesting how they can restore our confidence. Public health experts and all those considering vaccinations should read this timely history.

The political culture of the sister republics, 1794-1806

Mart Rutjes,Joris Oddens,Erik Jacobs
The political culture of the sister republics 1794 1806 Book PDF

Author : Mart Rutjes,Joris Oddens,Erik Jacobs
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9789048522415

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The political culture of the sister republics, 1794-1806 by Mart Rutjes,Joris Oddens,Erik Jacobs Pdf

Experts on the French, Batavian, Helvetic, Cisalpine, and Neapolitan revolutions bridge the gap here between the so-called 'Sister' Republics. They explore political culture as a set of discourses or political practices. Parliamentary practices, the comparability of 'universal' political concepts, late-eighteenth century Republicanism, the relationship between press and politics, and the interaction between the Sister Republics and France are studied from a comparative, transnational perspective.

Planetary Cinema

DR. (ENG) Tiago de Luca
Planetary Cinema Book PDF

Author : DR. (ENG) Tiago de Luca
Publisher : Film Culture in Transition
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9463729623

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Planetary Cinema by DR. (ENG) Tiago de Luca Pdf

The story is now familiar. In the late 1960s humanity finally saw photographic evidence of the Earth in space for the first time. According to this narrative, the impact of such images in the consolidation of a planetary consciousness is yet to be matched. This book tells a different story. It argues that this narrative has failed to account for the vertiginous global imagination underpinning the media and film culture of the late nineteenth century and beyond. Panoramas, giant globes, world exhibitions, photography and stereography: all promoted and hinged on the idea of a world made whole and newly visible. When it emerged, cinema did not simply contribute to this effervescent globalism so much as become its most significant and enduring manifestation. Planetary Cinema proposes that an exploration of that media culture can help us understand contemporary planetary imaginaries in times of environmental collapse. Engaging with a variety of media, genres and texts, the book sits at the intersection of film/media history and theory/philosophy, and it claims that we need this combined approach and expansive textual focus in order to understand the way we see the world.

Salmonella Infections, Networks of Knowledge, and Public Health in Britain, 1880-1975

Anne Hardy
Salmonella Infections Networks of Knowledge and Public Health in Britain 1880 1975 Book PDF

Author : Anne Hardy
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198704973

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Salmonella Infections, Networks of Knowledge, and Public Health in Britain, 1880-1975 by Anne Hardy Pdf

A scholarly history of food poisoning, telling of its discovery of food poisoning as a public health problem in the 1880s, of the discovery of pathways of infection and of the Salmonella family, and of the realisation that these organisms are deeply embedded in human and animal food chains and the subsequent importance of food hygiene.

Armies and Ecosystems in Premodern Europe

Sander Govaerts
Armies and Ecosystems in Premodern Europe Book PDF

Author : Sander Govaerts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1641893982

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Armies and Ecosystems in Premodern Europe by Sander Govaerts Pdf

Using the ecosystem concept as his starting point, the author examines the complex relationship between premodern armed forces and their environment at three levels: landscapes, living beings, and diseases. The study focuses on Europe's Meuse Region, well-known among historians of war as a battleground between France and Germany. By analyzing soldiers' long-term interactions with nature, this book engages with current debates about the ecological impact of the military, and provides new impetus for contemporary armed forces to make greater effort to reduce their environmental footprint.