Leveraging Advances In Modern Science To Revitalize Low Dose Radiation Research In The United States

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Earth And Life Studies,Nuclear And Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Developing a Long-Term Strategy for Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309275776

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Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Earth And Life Studies,Nuclear And Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Developing a Long-Term Strategy for Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States Pdf

Radiation exposure at low doses (below 100 milligray) or low-dose rates (less than 5 milligray per hour) occurs in a wide range of medical, industrial, military, and commercial settings. The effects of exposure at these levels are not fully understood, but there are long-standing concerns that such exposure could negatively affect human health. Although cancer has been linked to low-dose radiation exposure for decades, there is increasing evidence that low-dose radiation exposure may also be associated with cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, immune dysfunction, and cataracts. Recent advances in research, new tools, and a coordinated multidisciplinary research program could help fill knowledge gaps about the health impacts of low-dose radiation exposures. This report calls for the development of a U.S. research program to study how low doses of radiation affect cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and other disease risks. Research should also better define the impacts of radiation doses, dose rates, types of radiation, and exposure duration. The report estimates $100 million annually for the next 15 years would be required to conduct epidemiological and biological research, and to establish an infrastructure for research.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309497718

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The Future of Low Dose Radiation Research in the United States by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board Pdf

Exposures at low doses of radiation, generally taken to mean doses below 100 millisieverts, are of primary interest for setting standards for protecting individuals against the adverse effects of ionizing radiation. However, there are considerable uncertainties associated with current best estimates of risks and gaps in knowledge on critical scientific issues that relate to low dose radiation. The Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board of the National Academies hosted the symposium on The Future of Low Dose Radiation Research in the United States on May 8 and 9, 2019. The goal of the symposium was to provide an open forum for a national discussion on the need for a long-term strategy to guide a low dose radiation research program in the United States. The symposium featured presentations on low dose radiation programs around the world, panel discussions with representatives from governmental and nongovernmental organizations about the need for a low dose radiation research program, reviews of low dose radiation research in epidemiology and radiation biology including new directions, and lessons to be learned from setting up large research programs in non-radiation research fields. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the symposium.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee to Study the Feasibility of, and Need for, Epidemiologic Studies of Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in the Families of Atomic Veterans
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1995-07-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309176118

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Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans by Institute of Medicine,Committee to Study the Feasibility of, and Need for, Epidemiologic Studies of Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in the Families of Atomic Veterans Pdf

Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.

Author : Seymour Abrahamson,Leif E. Peterson
Publisher : Joseph Henry Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1998-07-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309064026

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Effects of Ionizing Radiation by Seymour Abrahamson,Leif E. Peterson Pdf

In the decades since the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, economic and political trends have opened avenues for radiation research while breakthroughs in molecular biology have shed light on radiation's effect on the human body. This volume comprehensively reviews what is now known about human exposure to ionizing radiation, with emphasis on unifying the scientific disciplines that inform this topic. Today's most widely recognized experts in the field examine four broad areas: Physics and dosimetry, including the various systems of A-bomb survivor dosimetry, the effect on survivors of subsequent medical radiation, and chromosome aberrations as biomarkers. Cancer statistics and epidemiology, including a historical review of leukemia risk in A-bomb survivors, the incidence of solid cancer and resulting mortality, and the results of studies of workers exposed to low-level radiation. Genetics, including the path from radiation exposure to cellular effects, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis. Experts discuss the interaction between radiation and other cancer risk factors, review models of radiation-induced cancer, and report on other aspects of molecular biology. Psychological effects of radiation catastrophesâ€"as seen at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Three Mile Island, and Chernobylâ€"and consequences of the Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Law.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Radiation Source Use and Replacement
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2008-05-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309110143

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Radiation Source Use and Replacement by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Radiation Source Use and Replacement Pdf

In the United States there are several thousand devices containing high-activity radiation sources licensed for use in areas ranging from medical uses such as cancer therapy to safety uses such as testing of structures and industrial equipment. Those radiation sources are licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and state agencies. Concerns have been raised about the safety and security of the radiation sources, particularly amid fears that they could be used to create dirty bombs, or radiological dispersal device (RDD). In response to a request from Congress, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission asked the National Research Council to conduct a study to review the uses of high-risk radiation sources and the feasibility of replacing them with lower risk alternatives. The study concludes that the U.S. government should consider factors such as potential economic consequences of misuse of the radiation sources into its assessments of risk. Although the committee found that replacements of most sources are possible, it is not economically feasible in some cases. The committee recommends that the U.S. government take steps to in the near term to replace radioactive cesium chloride radiation sources, a potential "dirty bomb" ingredient used in some medical and research equipment, with lower-risk alternatives. The committee further recommends that longer term efforts be undertaken to replace other sources. The book presents a number of options for making those replacements.

Author : Francesca Grifo,Joshua Rosenthal
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1997-02-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1559635002

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Biodiversity and Human Health by Francesca Grifo,Joshua Rosenthal Pdf

The implications of biodiversity loss for the global environment have been widely discussed, but only recently has attention been paid to its direct and serious effects on human health. Biodiversity loss affects the spread of human diseases, causes a loss of medical models, diminishes the supplies of raw materials for drug discovery and biotechnology, and threatens food production and water quality. Biodiversity and Human Health brings together leading thinkers on the global environment and biomedicine to explore the human health consequences of the loss of biological diversity. Based on a two-day conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, the book opens a dialogue among experts from the fields of public health, biology, epidemiology, botany, ecology, demography, and pharmacology on this vital but often neglected concern. Contributors discuss the uses and significance of biodiversity to the practice of medicine today, and develop strategies for conservation of these critical resources. Topics examined include: the causes and consequences of biodiversity loss emerging infectious diseases and the loss of biodiversity the significance and use of both prescription and herbal biodiversity-derived remedies indigenous and local peoples and their health care systems sustainable use of biodiversity for medicine an agenda for the future In addition to the editors, contributors include Anthony Artuso, Byron Bailey, Jensa Bell, Bhaswati Bhattacharya, Michael Boyd, Mary S. Campbell, Eric Chivian, Paul Cox, Gordon Cragg, Andrew Dobson, Kate Duffy-Mazan, Robert Engelman, Paul Epstein, Alexandra S. Fairfield, John Grupenhoff, Daniel Janzen, Catherine A. Laughin, Katy Moran, Robert McCaleb, Thomas Mays, David Newman, Charles Peters, Walter Reid, and John Vandermeer. The book provides a common framework for physicians and biomedical researchers who wish to learn more about environmental concerns, and for members of the environmental community who desire a greater understanding of biomedical issues.

Author : American Association for Cancer Research
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1734743298

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AACR Report on the Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Research and Patient Care by American Association for Cancer Research Pdf

Author : Viorel Badescu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2009-12-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642036293

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Mars by Viorel Badescu Pdf

th th Mars, the Red Planet, fourth planet from the Sun, forever linked with 19 and 20 Century fantasy of a bellicose, intelligent Martian civilization. The romance and excitement of that fiction remains today, even as technologically sophisticated - botic orbiters, landers, and rovers seek to unveil Mars’ secrets; but so far, they have yet to find evidence of life. The aura of excitement, though, is justified for another reason: Mars is a very special place. It is the only planetary surface in the Solar System where humans, once free from the bounds of Earth, might hope to establish habitable, self-sufficient colonies. Endowed with an insatiable drive, focused motivation, and a keen sense of - ploration and adventure, humans will undergo the extremes of physical hardship and danger to push the envelope, to do what has not yet been done. Because of their very nature, there is little doubt that humans will in fact conquer Mars. But even earth-bound extremes, such those experienced by the early polar explorers, may seem like a walk in the park compared to future experiences on Mars.

Author : Daniel Coleman,Lisa Rademakers,Samson Reiny
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0160916968

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Spinoff 2012 by Daniel Coleman,Lisa Rademakers,Samson Reiny Pdf

NP 2012-11-912-HQ. Provides an in-depth look at how NASA's initiatives in aeronautics and space exploration have resulted in beneficial commercial technologies in the fields of health and medicine, transportation, public safety, consumer goods, environmental protection, computer technology and industrial productivity

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Health And Medicine Division,Board On Population Health And Public He,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Long-Term Health and Economic Effects of Antimicrobial Resistance in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309269458

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Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Health And Medicine Division,Board On Population Health And Public He,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Long-Term Health and Economic Effects of Antimicrobial Resistance in the United States Pdf

The National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, published in 2014, sets out a plan for government work to mitigate the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Direction on the implementation of this strategy is provided in five-year national action plans, the first covering 2015 to 2020, and the second covering 2020 to 2025. Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine evaluates progress made against the national strategy. This report discusses ways to improve detection of resistant infections and estimate the risk to human health from environmental sources of resistance. In addition, the report considers the effect of agricultural practices on human and animal health and animal welfare and ways these practices could be improved, and advises on key drugs and diseases for which animal-specific test breakpoints are needed.

Author : Committee on Research Directions in Human Biological Effects of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Institute of Medicine,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309302099

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Research on Health Effects of Low-level Ionizing Radiation Exposure by Committee on Research Directions in Human Biological Effects of Low-Level Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Institute of Medicine,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board Pdf

"Support for this project was provided by the National Academy of Sciences and the Uniformed Sciences University of the Health Sciences under Grant No. HT9404-12-1-0028."--Title page verso.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Smashbooks
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Toward a Theory of Spacepower: Selected Essays by Anonim Pdf

Author : Simon P. Worden,John E. Shaw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1410219801

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Whither Space Power? by Simon P. Worden,John E. Shaw Pdf

The influence of space power pervades almost every sphere and level of human existence, from politics to military affairs to commercial activities to cultural mind-sets. Yet there is little to be found today in the way of coherent space power doctrine and strategy, particularly in national security circles. To what extent do our national interests rely on space? How shall we defend our interests in space and how shall we deny our adversaries the benefits of space power in time of conflict? How can we control and exploit the space environment? How can we effectively wield space power against the full spectrum of threats -- from the lone terrorist to global peer competitors? What should be our long-range strategy and objectives if our goal is to achieve and maintain long-term space superiority? The purpose of this paper is two fold: first, to illuminate the historical and ever-increasing importance of space in modern society; and second, to prescribe, in view of this importance, the foundations of a strategy for achieving lasting space superiority and ensuring national and world security.

Author : Regina M. Benjamin
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781437987621

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National Prevention Strategy: America’s Plan for Better Health and Wellness by Regina M. Benjamin Pdf

The Affordable Care Act, landmark health legislation passed in 2010, called for the development of the National Prevention Strategy to realize the benefits of prevention for all Americans¿ health. This Strategy builds on the law¿s efforts to lower health care costs, improve the quality of care, and provide coverage options for the uninsured. Contents: Nat. Leadership; Partners in Prevention; Healthy and Safe Community Environ.; Clinical and Community Preventive Services; Elimination of Health Disparities; Priorities: Tobacco Free Living; Preventing Drug Abuse and Excessive Alcohol Use; Healthy Eating; Active Living; Injury and Violence Free Living; Reproductive and Sexual Health; Mental and Emotional Well-being. Illus. A print on demand report.

Author : Michael J Rycroft,Norma Crosby
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1402001991

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Smaller Satellites: Bigger Business? by Michael J Rycroft,Norma Crosby Pdf

Y. Fujimori, Symposium Programme Committee Chair, and Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] M.Rycroft, Faculty Member, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] N. Crosby, International Space University e-mail: [email protected] For the sixth annual ISU Symposium the theme was "Smaller Satellites: Bigger Business? Concepts, Applications and Markets for Micro/Nanosatellites in a New Information World". Thus, the Symposium addressed the crucial question: are small satellites the saviour of space programmes around the world It did this from the unique perspective of the International Space today? University - the interdisciplinary, international and intercultural perspective. This Symposium brought together a variety of people working on small satellites - engineers, scientists, planners, providers, operators, policy makers and business executives, together with representatives from regulatory bodies, from national and international organizations, and from the finance sector, and also entrepreneurs. Discussion and debate were encouraged, based on the papers presented and those published here.