Low Dose Radiation

Author : Antone L. Brooks
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Science
ISBN : 0874223547

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Low Dose Radiation by Antone L. Brooks Pdf

Chief Scientist Dr. Antone Brooks and his Low Dose Radiation Research Program team redefined the field, applying advances in instrumentation and molecular biology from the Human Genome Project and developing new technologies to examine cellular responses. Their findings were startling. At low doses, biological reactions are unique and often unrelated to those that occur at high doses. The influential linear-no-threshold model--which predicted that damage from acute exposures can be extrapolated linearly to low dose exposures--was flawed. Small doses of radiation can have an adaptive protective effect. "Hit theory," the idea that radiation only affected cells it directly traversed, yielded to "bystander theory," which hypothesizes that cells communicate with each other and a dose to one affects others surrounding it. Low Dose Radiation describes the program's development, the scientists who made it viable, and the fundamental results, highlighting lessons learned during its lifespan.

Author : Manabu Fukumoto
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811382185

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Low-Dose Radiation Effects on Animals and Ecosystems by Manabu Fukumoto Pdf

This open access book summarizes the latest scientific findings regarding the biological effects of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident in 2011. Various cases of changes in animals and organisms have been reported since the FNPP accident. However, it is often unknown whether they are actually due to radiation, since the dose or dose-rate are not necessarily associated with the changes observed. This book brings together the works of radiation biologists and ecologists to provide reliable radioecology data and gives insight into future radioprotection. The book examines the environmental pollution and radiation exposure, and contains valuable data from abandoned livestock in the ex-evacuation zone and from wild animals including invertebrates and vertebrates, aqueous and terrestrial animals, and plants that are subjected to long-term exposure in the area still affected by radiation. It also analyzes dose evaluation, and offers new perspectives gained from the accident, as well as an overview for future studies to promote radioprotection of humans and the ecosystem. Since the biological impact of radiation is influenced by various factors, it is difficult to scientifically define the effects of low-dose/low-dose-rate radiation. However, the detailed research data presented can be combined with the latest scientific and technological advances, such as artificial intelligence, to provide new insights in the future. This book is a unique and valuable resource for researchers, professionals and anyone interested in the impact of exposure to radiation or contamination with radioactive materials.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309497718

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The Future of Low Dose Radiation Research in the United States by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board Pdf

Exposures at low doses of radiation, generally taken to mean doses below 100 millisieverts, are of primary interest for setting standards for protecting individuals against the adverse effects of ionizing radiation. However, there are considerable uncertainties associated with current best estimates of risks and gaps in knowledge on critical scientific issues that relate to low dose radiation. The Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board of the National Academies hosted the symposium on The Future of Low Dose Radiation Research in the United States on May 8 and 9, 2019. The goal of the symposium was to provide an open forum for a national discussion on the need for a long-term strategy to guide a low dose radiation research program in the United States. The symposium featured presentations on low dose radiation programs around the world, panel discussions with representatives from governmental and nongovernmental organizations about the need for a low dose radiation research program, reviews of low dose radiation research in epidemiology and radiation biology including new directions, and lessons to be learned from setting up large research programs in non-radiation research fields. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the symposium.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V)
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1990-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309039956

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Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V) Pdf

This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Author : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2006-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133340

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Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council Pdf

This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Author : John Lett,Kurt I. Altman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0120354144

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Relative Radiation Sensitivities of Human Organ Systems by John Lett,Kurt I. Altman Pdf

Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 14: Relative Radiation Sensitivities of Human Organ Systems, Part II focuses on radiation sensitivities of particular human organ systems. The sensitivities are then assessed based on the severity and the rapidity in which the effects of radiation manifest. The opening chapter surveys the clinical and experimental data on approaches toward the prevention of bladder complications in clinical radiotherapy. A discussion on HeLa cells, which are of special importance in human cervical cancer therapy, is then presented. In presenting this topic, this book emph ...

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Earth And Life Studies,Nuclear And Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Developing a Long-Term Strategy for Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309275776

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Leveraging Advances in Modern Science to Revitalize Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Earth And Life Studies,Nuclear And Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Developing a Long-Term Strategy for Low-Dose Radiation Research in the United States Pdf

Radiation exposure at low doses (below 100 milligray) or low-dose rates (less than 5 milligray per hour) occurs in a wide range of medical, industrial, military, and commercial settings. The effects of exposure at these levels are not fully understood, but there are long-standing concerns that such exposure could negatively affect human health. Although cancer has been linked to low-dose radiation exposure for decades, there is increasing evidence that low-dose radiation exposure may also be associated with cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, immune dysfunction, and cataracts. Recent advances in research, new tools, and a coordinated multidisciplinary research program could help fill knowledge gaps about the health impacts of low-dose radiation exposures. This report calls for the development of a U.S. research program to study how low doses of radiation affect cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and other disease risks. Research should also better define the impacts of radiation doses, dose rates, types of radiation, and exposure duration. The report estimates $100 million annually for the next 15 years would be required to conduct epidemiological and biological research, and to establish an infrastructure for research.

Author : Robert C. Bast, Jr.,Carlo M. Croce,William N. Hait,Waun Ki Hong,Donald W. Kufe,Martine Piccart-Gebhart,Raphael E. Pollock,Ralph R. Weichselbaum,Hongyang Wang,James F. Holland
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2008 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119000846

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Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine by Robert C. Bast, Jr.,Carlo M. Croce,William N. Hait,Waun Ki Hong,Donald W. Kufe,Martine Piccart-Gebhart,Raphael E. Pollock,Ralph R. Weichselbaum,Hongyang Wang,James F. Holland Pdf

Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates

Author : Oddvar F. Nygaard,Warren K. Sinclair
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Science
ISBN : 0120354160

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Effects of Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Radiation by Oddvar F. Nygaard,Warren K. Sinclair Pdf

Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 6: Effects of Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Radiation examines the biological effects of low dose and low dose rate ionizing radiation on a broad scale, covering various articles from microdosimetry to analyses of human responses. Estimates of the effects on humans from low doses or from sustained exposures to low dose rates of ionizing radiations are of critical importance for the assessment of radiation risks under occupational and environmental conditions. This book consists of such knowledge that is essential for radiation protection and governmental regu...

Author : Simon S. Lo,Bin S. Teh,Jiade J. Lu,Tracey E. Schefter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642256042

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Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy by Simon S. Lo,Bin S. Teh,Jiade J. Lu,Tracey E. Schefter Pdf

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as an important innovative treatment for various primary and metastatic cancers. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the physical/technological, biological, and clinical aspects of SBRT. It will serve as a detailed resource for this rapidly developing treatment modality. The organ sites covered include lung, liver, spine, pancreas, prostate, adrenal, head and neck, and female reproductive tract. Retrospective studies and prospective clinical trials on SBRT for various organ sites from around the world are examined, and toxicities and normal tissue constraints are discussed. This book features unique insights from world-renowned experts in SBRT from North America, Asia, and Europe. It will be necessary reading for radiation oncologists, radiation oncology residents and fellows, medical physicists, medical physics residents, medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and cancer scientists.

Author : Oddvar F. Nygaard,Warren K. Sinclair,John T. Lett
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781483281834

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Effects of Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Radiation by Oddvar F. Nygaard,Warren K. Sinclair,John T. Lett Pdf

Advances in Radiation Biology, Volume 6: Effects of Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Radiation examines the biological effects of low dose and low dose rate ionizing radiation on a broad scale, covering various articles from microdosimetry to analyses of human responses. Estimates of the effects on humans from low doses or from sustained exposures to low dose rates of ionizing radiations are of critical importance for the assessment of radiation risks under occupational and environmental conditions. This book consists of such knowledge that is essential for radiation protection and governmental regulatory activities pertaining to radiation exposure. This volume is intended for radiobiologists, radiation epidemiologists, radiation physicists, radiation safety personnel, health officials, and individuals involved in regulatory activities.

Author : Elena Burlakova,Valeria Naiditch
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789067644143

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The Effects of Low Dose Radiation by Elena Burlakova,Valeria Naiditch Pdf

The papers collected in this book show the results of investigations performed by Russian scientists in the field of low dose irradiation action. It is confirmed that low doses do have effects on the human organism and the environment and that the most serious consequences are observed in the far post-irradiation period. This branch of radiobiology, which developed after the Chernobyl accident and studied its consequences, is discussed in detail. The main part of reviews and articles is devoted to the aspects of low dose effects on the human and animal genome and far post-irradiation consequences. New details of mechanisms of low dose action are shown and methods of their determination are discussed. Furthermore, the adaptive response of organisms and the low dose effects on the immune system are demonstrated. Also, the difference between protection mechanisms against low dose irradiation and against high dose irradiation is shown and proved.

Author : Charles L. Sanders
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642037207

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Radiation Hormesis and the Linear-No-Threshold Assumption by Charles L. Sanders Pdf

Current radiation protection standards are based upon the application of the linear no-threshold (LNT) assumption, which considers that even very low doses of ionizing radiation can cause cancer. The radiation hormesis hypothesis, by contrast, proposes that low-dose ionizing radiation is beneficial. In this book, the author examines all facets of radiation hormesis in detail, including the history of the concept and mechanisms, and presents comprehensive, up-to-date reviews for major cancer types. It is explained how low-dose radiation can in fact decrease all-cause and all-cancer mortality and help to control metastatic cancer. Attention is also drawn to biases in epidemiological research when using the LNT assumption. The author shows how proponents of the LNT assumption consistently reject, manipulate, and deliberately ignore an overwhelming abundance of published data and falsely claim that no reliable data are available at doses of less than 100 mSv.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:636902363

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Effects of Low Dose and Low Dose Rate Radiation by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1468 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105050200232

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Reexamining the Scientific Basis for the Linear No-threshold Model of Low-dose Radiation by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Pdf