Macrocognition Metrics And Scenarios

Author : Janet E. Miller,Emily S. Patterson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317102823

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Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios by Janet E. Miller,Emily S. Patterson Pdf

Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios: Design and Evaluation for Real-World Teams translates advances by scientific leaders in the relatively new area of macrocognition into a format that will support immediate use by members of the software testing and evaluation community for large-scale systems as well as trainers of real-world teams. Macrocognition is defined as how activity in real-world teams is adapted to the complex demands of a setting with high consequences for failure. The primary distinction between macrocognition and prior research is that the primary unit for measurement is a real-world team coordinating their activity, rather than individuals processing information, the predominant model for cognition for decades. This book provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of macrocognition, describes a set of exciting new macrocognitive metrics, and provides guidance on using the metrics in the context of different approaches to evaluation and measurement of real-world teams.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1138113549

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MACROCOGNITION METRICS AND SCENARIOS by Anonim Pdf

Author : Eduardo Salas,Stephen M. Fiore,Michael P. Letsky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 649 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781136697906

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Theories of Team Cognition by Eduardo Salas,Stephen M. Fiore,Michael P. Letsky Pdf

Cognitive processes in teams have been a valuable arena for team researchers to explore. Team cognition research advances and informs a variety of disciplines, including cognitive and social sciences, engineering, military science, organizational science, human factors, medicine, and communications. There has been a great deal of progress in the team cognition literature, yet the field is still in its early stages of maturity. There is much more to be gained from the field’s insights and there is a need to unite the diverse array of scholarly ideas that permeate the field. This movement will serve to organize the research and ideas that have surfaced in the field, thereby making them more accessible to different disciplines while at the same time, motivating continued progress in the field. This book aims to be a step in this direction and acts as a forum for leading scholars to share their ideas, theories, models, and conceptions about what matters and where more attention is needed in the field of team cognition.

Author : Norman W. Warner,C.A.P. Smith,Michael P. Letsky
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317102847

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Macrocognition in Teams by Norman W. Warner,C.A.P. Smith,Michael P. Letsky Pdf

Team collaboration involves many operational tasks such as team decision-making or course of action selection, developing shared understanding, and intelligence analysis. These operational tasks must be performed in many situations, often under severe time pressure, with information and knowledge uncertainty, large amounts of dynamic information and across different team characteristics. Recent research in this area has focused on various aspects of human collaborative decision-making and the underlying cognitive processes while describing those processes at different levels of detail, making it difficult to compare research results. The theoretical construct of ’macrocognition in teams’ was developed to facilitate cognitive research in team collaboration, which will enable a common level of understanding when defining, measuring and discussing the cognitive processes in team collaboration. Macrocognition is defined as both the internalized and externalized mental processes employed by team members in complex, one-of-a-kind, collaborative problem solving. Macrocognition in Teams provides readers with a greater understanding of the macrocognitive processes which support collaborative team activity, showcasing current research, theories, methodologies and tools. It will be of direct relevance to academics, researchers and practitioners interested in group/team interaction, performance, development and training.

Author : Mayuri Mehta,Vasile Palade,Indranath Chatterjee
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031128073

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Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications by Mayuri Mehta,Vasile Palade,Indranath Chatterjee Pdf

This book presents an overview and several applications of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). It covers different aspects related to explainable artificial intelligence, such as the need to make the AI models interpretable, how black box machine/deep learning models can be understood using various XAI methods, different evaluation metrics for XAI, human-centered explainable AI, and applications of explainable AI in health care, security surveillance, transportation, among other areas. The book is suitable for students and academics aiming to build up their background on explainable AI and can guide them in making machine/deep learning models more transparent. The book can be used as a reference book for teaching a graduate course on artificial intelligence, applied machine learning, or neural networks. Researchers working in the area of AI can use this book to discover the recent developments in XAI. Besides its use in academia, this book could be used by practitioners in AI industries, healthcare industries, medicine, autonomous vehicles, and security surveillance, who would like to develop AI techniques and applications with explanations.

Author : Pascale Carayon
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 855 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781439830345

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Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care and Patient Safety by Pascale Carayon Pdf

The first edition of Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care and Patient Safety took the medical and ergonomics communities by storm with in-depth coverage of human factors and ergonomics research, concepts, theories, models, methods, and interventions and how they can be applied in health care. Other books focus on particular human

Author : Robert R. Hoffman,Paul Ward,Paul J. Feltovich,Lia DiBello,Stephen M. Fiore,Dee H. Andrews
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135083304

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Accelerated Expertise by Robert R. Hoffman,Paul Ward,Paul J. Feltovich,Lia DiBello,Stephen M. Fiore,Dee H. Andrews Pdf

Speed in acquiring the knowledge and skills to perform tasks is crucial. Yet, it still ordinarily takes many years to achieve high proficiency in countless jobs and professions, in government, business, industry, and throughout the private sector. There would be great advantages if regimens of training could be established that could accelerate the achievement of high levels of proficiency. This book discusses the construct of ‘accelerated learning.’ It includes a review of the research literature on learning acquisition and retention, focus on establishing what works, and why. This includes several demonstrations of accelerated learning, with specific ideas, plans and roadmaps for doing so. The impetus for the book was a tasking from the Defense Science and Technology Advisory Group, which is the top level Science and Technology policy-making panel in the Department of Defense. However, the book uses both military and non-military exemplar case studies. It is likely that methods for acceleration will leverage technologies and capabilities including virtual training, cross-training, training across strategic and tactical levels, and training for resilience and adaptivity. This volume provides a wealth of information and guidance for those interested in the concept or phenomenon of "accelerating learning"— in education, training, psychology, academia in general, government, military, or industry.

Author : Roger Remington,Charles L. Folk,Deborah A. Boehm-Davis
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118329955

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Introduction to Humans in Engineered Systems by Roger Remington,Charles L. Folk,Deborah A. Boehm-Davis Pdf

Fully up-to-date coverage of human factorsengineering—plus online access to interactive demonstrationsand exercises Engineering accomplishments can be as spectacular as a moonlanding or as mundane as an uneventful drive to the local grocerystore. Their failures can be as devastating as a plane crash or amassive oil spill. Over the past decade, psychologists andengineers have made great strides in understanding how humansinteract with complex engineered systems—humanengineering. Introduction to Humans in Engineered Systems provideshistorical context for the discipline and an overview of some ofthe real-world settings in which human engineering has beensuccessfully applied, including aviation, medicine, computerscience, and ground transportation. It presents findings on thenature and variety of human-engineering environments, humancapabilities and limitations, and how these factors influencesystem performance. Important features include: Contents organized around the interaction of the human operatorwith the larger environment to guide the analysis of real-worldsituations A web-based archive of interactive demonstrations, exercises,and links to additional readings and tools applicable to a range ofapplication domains Web content customizable for focus on particular areas of studyor research

Author : Don Harris
Publisher : Springer
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642393600

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Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Understanding Human Cognition by Don Harris Pdf

This two-volume set (LNAI 8019 and LNAI 8020) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, EPCE 2013, held as part of the 15th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2013, held in Las Vegas, USA in July 2013, jointly with 12 other thematically similar conferences. The total of 1666 papers and 303 posters presented at the HCII 2013 conferences was carefully reviewed and selected from 5210 submissions. These papers address the latest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of design and use of computing systems. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the entire field of human-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. The total of 81 contributions included in the EPCE proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this two-volume set. The papers included in this volume are organized in the following topical sections: cognitive issues in HCI; measuring and monitoring cognition; cognitive issues in complex environments; productivity, creativity, learning and collaboration.

Author : Kathleen L. Mosier,Ute M. Fischer
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136945113

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Informed by Knowledge by Kathleen L. Mosier,Ute M. Fischer Pdf

The focus of this book is on how experts adapt to complexity, synthesize and interpret information in context, and transform or "fuse" disparate items of information into coherent knowledge. The chapters examine these processes across experts (e.g. global leaders, individuals in extreme environments, managers, police officers, pilots, commanders, doctors, inventors), across contexts (e.g. space and space analogs, corporate organizations, command and control, crisis and crowd management, air traffic control, the operating room, product development), and for both individual and team performance. Successful information integration is a key factor in the success of diverse endeavors, including team attempts to climb Mt. Everest, crowd control in the Middle East, and remote drilling operations. This volume is divided into four sections, each with a specific focus on an area of expert performance, resulting in a text that covers a wide range of useful information. These sections present well-researched discussions, such as: the management of complex situations in various fields and decision contexts; technological and training approaches to facilitate knowledge management by individual experts and expert teams; new or neglected perspectives in expert decision making; and the importance of ‘modeling’ expert performance through techniques and frameworks such as Cognitive Task Analysis, computational architectures based on the notion of causal belief mapping such as ‘Convince Me,’ or the data/frame model of sensemaking. The volume provides essential reading for researchers and practitioners of Naturalistic Decision Making and those who study Expertise; Organizational and Cognitive Psychologists; and researchers and students in Business and Engineering.

Author : Dylan D. Schmorrow,Cali M. Fidopiastis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319586250

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Augmented Cognition. Enhancing Cognition and Behavior in Complex Human Environments by Dylan D. Schmorrow,Cali M. Fidopiastis Pdf

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Augmented Cognition, AC 2017, held as part of the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2017, which took place in Vancouver, BC, Canada, in July 2017. HCII 2017 received a total of 4340 submissions, of which 1228 papers were accepted for publication after a careful reviewing process. The papers thoroughly cover the entire field of Human-Computer Interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. The two volumes set of AC 2017 presents 81 papers which are organized in the following topical sections: electroencephalography and brain activity measurement, eye tracking in augmented cognition, physiological measuring and bio-sensing, machine learning in augmented cognition, cognitive load and performance, adaptive learning systems, brain-computer interfaces, human cognition and behavior in complex tasks and environments.

Author : Joan Johnston,Robert Sottilare,Anne M. Sinatra,C. Shawn Burke
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781787544734

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Building Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Teams by Joan Johnston,Robert Sottilare,Anne M. Sinatra,C. Shawn Burke Pdf

This volume explores advances in theory, research and technologies needed to advance the state of the art of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) for teams.

Author : John D. Lee,Alex Kirlik
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 659 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780199757183

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The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering by John D. Lee,Alex Kirlik Pdf

This handbook is the first to provide comprehensive coverage of original state-of-the-science research, analysis, and design of integrated, human-technology systems.

Author : John R. Wilson,Sarah Sharples
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 1031 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781466559622

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Evaluation of Human Work by John R. Wilson,Sarah Sharples Pdf

Written by experts with real-world experience in applying ergonomics methodology in a range of contexts, Evaluation of Human Work, Fourth Edition explores ergonomics and human factors from a "doing it" perspective. More than a cookbook of ergonomics methods, the book encourages students to think about which methods they should apply, when, and why.

Author : John Flach,Fred Voorhorst
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000762532

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A Meaning Processing Approach to Cognition by John Flach,Fred Voorhorst Pdf

A cognitive psychologist and an industrial design engineer draw on their own experiences of cognition in the context of everyday life and work to explore how people attempt to find practical solutions for complex situations. The book approaches these issues by considering higher-order relations between humans and their ecologies such as satisfying, specifying, and affording. This approach is consistent with recent shifts in the worlds of technology and product design from the creation of physical objects to the creation of experiences. Featuring a wealth of bespoke illustrations throughout, A Meaning Processing Approach to Cognition bridges the gap between controlled laboratory experiments and real-world experience, by questioning the metaphysical foundations of cognitive science and suggesting alternative directions to provide better insights for design and engineering. An essential read for all students of Ecological Psychology or Cognitive Systems Design, this book takes the reader on a journey beyond the conventional dichotomy of mind and matter to explore what really matters.