Market Dynamics And Productivity In Developing Countries

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Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries

Khalid Sekkat
Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Khalid Sekkat
Publisher : IDRC
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781441912084

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Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries by Khalid Sekkat Pdf

To what degree are trade liberalization, productivity, and economic growth correlated? Can economic policies designed to encourage competition and curtail industry protection result in large-scale improvements, such as increased innovation and reduced unemployment? After 20 years of economic reform in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), economic performance is still lagging behind many regions of the world. Even in those countries that are the most advanced in implementing reforms, including Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia, industries with low productivity growth and high market power continue to dominate. Moreover, the termination of the Multi-Fiber Agreement and the negotiations concerning further liberalization of trade in agricultural products (under the framework of the World Trade Organization) put these and other countries under pressure of fierce competition from emerging nations. Recent empirical evidence on the impact of reforms in a number of developing countries shows that such persistence of inefficiency and market power is specific to MENA. Showcasing in-depth analyses from Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey (with comparative data from Asia and Latin America), this book focuses on the dynamics of firm entry and exit to help explain the low productivity of the region. The results suggest a number of policy recommendations designed to foster competition, which, in turn, would contribute to innovation, productivity growth, and improved return on capital investments. The book not only reveals important correlations among policy and market factors in MENA, but suggests fruitful areas of research in other developing regions of the world.

Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries

Khalid Sekkat
Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Khalid Sekkat
Publisher : Springer
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1441910360

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Market Dynamics and Productivity in Developing Countries by Khalid Sekkat Pdf

To what degree are trade liberalization, productivity, and economic growth correlated? Can economic policies designed to encourage competition and curtail industry protection result in large-scale improvements, such as increased innovation and reduced unemployment? After 20 years of economic reform in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), economic performance is still lagging behind many regions of the world. Even in those countries that are the most advanced in implementing reforms, including Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia, industries with low productivity growth and high market power continue to dominate. Moreover, the termination of the Multi-Fiber Agreement and the negotiations concerning further liberalization of trade in agricultural products (under the framework of the World Trade Organization) put these and other countries under pressure of fierce competition from emerging nations. Recent empirical evidence on the impact of reforms in a number of developing countries shows that such persistence of inefficiency and market power is specific to MENA. Showcasing in-depth analyses from Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, and Turkey (with comparative data from Asia and Latin America), this book focuses on the dynamics of firm entry and exit to help explain the low productivity of the region. The results suggest a number of policy recommendations designed to foster competition, which, in turn, would contribute to innovation, productivity growth, and improved return on capital investments. The book not only reveals important correlations among policy and market factors in MENA, but suggests fruitful areas of research in other developing regions of the world.

Business Dynamics and Productivity

OECD
Business Dynamics and Productivity Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264269231

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Business Dynamics and Productivity by OECD Pdf

This publication focuses on business dynamics across eight countries (Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, United Kingdom) and over time, building upon the evidence collected in the framework of the OECD DynEmp project for 22 countries.

Productivity Dynamics in Emerging and Industrialized Countries

Deb Kusum Das
Productivity Dynamics in Emerging and Industrialized Countries Book PDF

Author : Deb Kusum Das
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351002530

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Productivity Dynamics in Emerging and Industrialized Countries by Deb Kusum Das Pdf

The world, of late, has seen a productivity slowdown. Many countries continue to recover from various shocks in the macro business environment, along with structural changes and inward looking policies. In contemporary times of growth slumps, various exits and protectionist regimes, this book engages with the study of productivity dynamics in the emerging and industrialized economies. The essays address the crucial aspects, such as the roles of human capital, investment accounting and datasets, that help understanding of productivity performance of global economy and its several regions. This book will be of interest to academics, practitioners and professionals in the field of economic growth, productivity and development studies. This will also be an important reference on empirical industrial economics in both India and the world.

Productivity Revisited

Ana Paula Cusolito,William F. Maloney
Productivity Revisited Book PDF

Author : Ana Paula Cusolito,William F. Maloney
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813627

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Productivity Revisited by Ana Paula Cusolito,William F. Maloney Pdf

Productivity has again moved to center stage in two critical academic and policy debates: the slowing of global growth amid spectacular technological advances, and developing countries’ frustratingly slow progress in catching up to the technological frontier. Productivity Revisited brings together the new conceptual advances of 'second-wave' productivity analysis that have revolutionized the study of productivity, calling much previous analysis into question while providing a new set of tools for approaching these debates. The book extends this analysis and, using unique data sets from multiple developing countries, grounds it in the developing-country context. It calls for rebalancing away from an exclusive focus on misallocation toward a greater focus on upgrading firms and facilitating the emergence of productive new establishments. Such an approach requires a supportive environment and various types of human capital--managerial, technical, and actuarial--necessary to cultivate new transformational firms. The book is the second volume of the World Bank Productivity Project, which seeks to bring frontier thinking on the measurement and determinants of productivity to global policy makers.

Education and Productivity in Developing Countries

Lawrence J. Lau,Dean T. Jamison,Frederic F. Louat
Education and Productivity in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Lawrence J. Lau,Dean T. Jamison,Frederic F. Louat
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Education and Productivity in Developing Countries by Lawrence J. Lau,Dean T. Jamison,Frederic F. Louat Pdf

Education is an important determinant of aggregate real output and productivity, but its effect varies considerably across countries and regions- ranging from negative to more than 5 percent a year in this sample.

Economic Growth and Development

Sibabrata Das,Alex Mourmouras,Peter C. Rangazas
Economic Growth and Development Book PDF

Author : Sibabrata Das,Alex Mourmouras,Peter C. Rangazas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319142654

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Economic Growth and Development by Sibabrata Das,Alex Mourmouras,Peter C. Rangazas Pdf

Growth theory provides a rich and versatile analytical framework through which fundamental questions about economic development can be examined. This book is an introduction to the newer features of growth theory that are particularly useful in examining the issues of economic development. Structural transformation, in which developing countries transition from traditional production in largely rural areas to modern production in largely urban areas, is an important causal force in creating early economic growth, and as such, is made central in this approach. Towards this end, the authors augment the Solow model to include endogenous theories of saving, fertility, human capital, institutional arrangements, and policy formation, creating a single two-sector model of structural transformation. Based on applied research and practical experiences in macroeconomic development, the model in this book presents a more rigorous, quantifiable, and explicitly dynamic dual economy approach to development. Common microeconomic foundations and notation are used throughout, with each chapter building on the previous material in a continuous flow. With its single model and focus on data and policy analysis, this text is intended for beginning graduate students and policy makers interested in economic development.

Promoting Innovation, Productivity and Industrial Growth and Reducing Poverty

Maureen Mackintosh,Joanna Chataway,Marc Wuyts
Promoting Innovation Productivity and Industrial Growth and Reducing Poverty Book PDF

Author : Maureen Mackintosh,Joanna Chataway,Marc Wuyts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317990871

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Promoting Innovation, Productivity and Industrial Growth and Reducing Poverty by Maureen Mackintosh,Joanna Chataway,Marc Wuyts Pdf

Development and the ending of mass poverty require a massive increase in productive capabilities and production in developing countries. Some countries, notably in Asia, are achieving this. Yet ‘pro-poor’ aid policies, especially for the least developed countries, operate largely without reference to policy thinking on the promotion of innovation for productivity growth. Conversely, policy-makers and researchers on innovation and industrial policies tend to know little about the potential for social protection to support innovation and productivity improvement. This book aims to focus attention on this gulf between research on innovation and on poverty reduction and to identify some of its policy consequences; to set out some ways in which this gulf can be bridged, analytically and empirically; and to contribute to the creation of an agenda for further research and an understanding of the urgency of the implied rethinking. The first two chapters provide sustained arguments for embedding social policy thinking in much more ‘productivist’ frameworks of thought that focus on raising productivity and employment; and for identifying growth theories that can incorporate satisfactory understandings of innovation and employment upgrading. A set of chapters then tackle these broad themes in the context of health, addressing the interlinked issues of innovation, health inequity and associated impoverishment. The final set of chapters examines the challenge of creating industrial policies that generate both innovation and employment, using and going beyond concepts of systems of innovation.

Fair and Inclusive Markets: Why Dynamism Matters

Philippe Aghion,Reda Cherif,Fuad Hasanov
Fair and Inclusive Markets Why Dynamism Matters Book PDF

Author : Philippe Aghion,Reda Cherif,Fuad Hasanov
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513568669

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Fair and Inclusive Markets: Why Dynamism Matters by Philippe Aghion,Reda Cherif,Fuad Hasanov Pdf

We show empirical evidence that there may not be a tradeoff between market income inequality and high sustained growth, which is key for poverty alleviation. We argue that the economies that achieved high sustained growth and low market income inequality are characterized by dynamism—a drive toward sophisticated export industries, innovation, and creative destruction and a high level of competition. What a country produces and how much it competes domestically and internationally are important for achieving fair and inclusive markets. We explore policy options to steer industrial and market structures toward providing growth opportunities for both workers and firms.

The Future of the World Economy

Wilhelm Krelle
The Future of the World Economy Book PDF

Author : Wilhelm Krelle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783662025864

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The Future of the World Economy by Wilhelm Krelle Pdf

Economic growth and structural change - the future of the world economy - is analysed in this book. Conditional forecasts are given for the economic development of the most important world market countries till the year 2000. The driving forces of economic growth are identified and forecasted, in connection with collaborating scholars in most of these countries and with international organizations. This information is used in solving a coherent world model. The model consists of linked growth models for each country (or groups of countries). The solutions show that the inequality in international income distribution will further increase and that the CMEA and OECD countries will approximately keep their relative positions, with some changes within these groups. Structural change is also analysed. Additionally separate forecasts prepared by each collaborating country group are given and may be compared with the forecasts by the world model. The book closes with chapters on special features of the future economic development: on the international debt problem, on long waves, on structural change in the world trade, on the emergence of service economics and on the comparison of GDP and NMP national accounting.

World Economic Performance

D. S. Prasada Rao,B. Van Ark
World Economic Performance Book PDF

Author : D. S. Prasada Rao,B. Van Ark
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781781953556

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World Economic Performance by D. S. Prasada Rao,B. Van Ark Pdf

ÔNot only is this excellent collection of papers a fitting tribute to Angus Maddison, it is also a great resource for thinking about future patterns of global economic growth Ð both in the BRICS and the OECD Ð based on key insights from historical experience.Õ Ð Nicholas Crafts, University of Warwick, UK ÔAngus Maddison may no longer be with us, but his spirit is very much alive. This collection of essays Ð including one by Maddison himself Ð shows how the methods he pioneered continue to shed new light on the comparative performance of nations and inspire successive generations of scholars.Õ Ð Barry Eichengreen, University of California at Berkeley, US ÔThe distinguished editors, leading authorities in the field of comparative quantitative economic development, have gathered a stellar group of authors to address arguably the most challenging question of our time: understanding development dynamics over time and across countries. They are to be congratulated for this comprehensive, stimulating and insightful volume. It is a fitting tribute to the late Angus Maddison, an intellectual giant in the study of long-term economic development, to whom the book is dedicated.Õ Ð Hal Hill, Australian National University World economic performance over the last 50 years has been spectacular. The post-war period has witnessed impressive growth rates in Western Europe and Japan, and in recent times, China and India. This new book discusses these issues and tackles topical questions such as: what are the socio-economic and institutional factors that have contributed to this impressive performance? Will China and India continue to grow at the same rate over the next two decades? What are the prospects for Japan, the US and other advanced economies? The book brings together contributions by eminent scholars including the late Angus Maddison, Professors Justin Lin, Bob Gordon, Ross Garnaut, Bart van Ark and others to provide answers to these fascinating questions. The chapters analyse the economic performance of selected countries including China, India, Japan, Indonesia and the US, as well as Western Europe, Latin America and developing countries as a group. The time period of the study is from 1850 to the present and includes forecasts to 2030. This well-documented book will be of considerable interest to development economists and country specialists working on countries such as China and India, economic historians who are interested in explaining the growth performance of countries, economists and economic statisticians who are interested in the measurement issues, and international organizations such as the OECD, World Bank and the UN. General readers and non-specialists who are interested in the world economic performance will also find much to interest them in this book.

Structural Change and Dynamics of Labor Markets in Bangladesh

Selim Raihan
Structural Change and Dynamics of Labor Markets in Bangladesh Book PDF

Author : Selim Raihan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811320712

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Structural Change and Dynamics of Labor Markets in Bangladesh by Selim Raihan Pdf

Outlining important policy requirements for Bangladesh to become an upper middle-income country, the book presents research work conducted during the project “Changing Labor Markets in Bangladesh: Understanding Dynamics in Relation to Economic Growth and Poverty,” sponsored by the International Development Research Center (IDRC), Canada. Bangladesh has experienced remarkable economic growth rates over the last decade. The country has recently been upgraded from a low-income country (LIC) to a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) as per the World Bank’s classification system. By 2024, the country also aspires to graduate from the United Nation’s list of least developed countries (LDC). The 7th five-year plan sets an ambitious target of 8 percent growth in GDP by 2020. There are also steep development targets to be achieved under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. All these will require an enormous leap forward from the current level of economic growth rate and sustaining it in the future. The situation also calls for considerable structural change in the economy, facilitating large-scale economic diversification. Rapid expansion of labor-intensive and high-productivity sectors, both in the farm and nonfarm sectors, is thus crucial for Bangladesh. Further, this should take place in conjunction with interventions to enhance productivity, jobs and incomes in traditional and informal activities where there are large pools of surplus labor. Given its relevance for Bangladesh and applicability to many other developing countries, the book offers a unique and pioneering resource for researchers, industry watchers as well as policy makers.

Increasing Productivity Growth in Middle Income Countries

Aidar Abdychev,La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul,Mr. Andrew W Jonelis,Mr. Lamin Leigh,Ashwin Moheeput,Friska Parulian,Ara Stepanyan,Albert Touna Mama
Increasing Productivity Growth in Middle Income Countries Book PDF

Author : Aidar Abdychev,La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul,Mr. Andrew W Jonelis,Mr. Lamin Leigh,Ashwin Moheeput,Friska Parulian,Ara Stepanyan,Albert Touna Mama
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475547184

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Increasing Productivity Growth in Middle Income Countries by Aidar Abdychev,La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul,Mr. Andrew W Jonelis,Mr. Lamin Leigh,Ashwin Moheeput,Friska Parulian,Ara Stepanyan,Albert Touna Mama Pdf

Many small middle-income countries (SMICs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have experienced a moderation in growth in recent years. Although factor accumulation, most notably capital deepening, was crucial to the success of many SMICs historically, this growth model appears to have run its course. The analysis in this paper suggests that the decline in the contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth is largely responsible for the slowdown in trend growth in many SMICs, which highlights the need for policy actions to reinvigorate productivity growth. This paper explores the question of what kind of structural policies could boost productivity growth in SMICs and the political economy factors that may be contributing to the slow implementation of these critical reforms in these countries. The findings suggest that although macroeconomic stability and trade openness are necessary for productivity growth, they are not sufficient. SMICs need to improve the quality of their public spending, most notably in education to minimize the skill mismatch in the labor market, reduce the regulatory burden on firms, improve access to finance by small and medium-sized enterprises and create the enabling environment to facilitate structural transformation in these economies.

Convergence Clubs in Labor Productivity and its Proximate Sources

Carlos Mendez
Convergence Clubs in Labor Productivity and its Proximate Sources Book PDF

Author : Carlos Mendez
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811586293

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Convergence Clubs in Labor Productivity and its Proximate Sources by Carlos Mendez Pdf

Testing for economic convergence across countries has been a central issue in the literature of economic growth and development. This book introduces a modern framework to study the cross-country convergence dynamics in labor productivity and its proximate sources: capital accumulation and aggregate efficiency. In particular, recent convergence dynamics of developed as well as developing countries are evaluated through the lens of a non-linear dynamic factor model and a clustering algorithm for panel data. This framework allows us to examine key economic phenomena such as technological heterogeneity and multiple equilibria. In this context, the book provides a succinct review of the recent club convergence literature, a comparative view of developed and developing countries, and a tutorial on how to implement the club convergence framework in the statistical software Stata.

The Future of Productivity

OECD
The Future of Productivity Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264248533

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The Future of Productivity by OECD Pdf

This book addresses the rising productivity gap between the global frontier and other firms, and identifies a number of structural impediments constraining business start-ups, knowledge diffusion and resource allocation (such as barriers to up-scaling and relatively high rates of skill mismatch).