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Author : Sabbas L. Tsochatzidēs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1315857391
Author : Daniel L Finer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317933687
This book studies the syntax of switch-reference and its implications for the theory of grammar. Switch-reference, found in many genetically and geographically diverse languages, is a phenomenon whereby referential identity between subjects of hierarchically adjacent clauses is encoded by the presence of a morpheme, usually suffixed to the verb of the subordinate clause. This book argues that switch-reference should be analysed as a syntactic rather than a purely pragmatic or functional feature of language.
Author : I.M. Schlesinger
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317933533
In this volume, the author reviews the results of research on language performance and proposes a model of production and comprehension. Although recent developments in linguistics are taken into account, consideration of other requirements of a performance model leads to the conclusion that the grammar the speaker has in mind differs from the grammar as currently conceived of by most linguists. The author is also critical of recent computer simulations of language performance on the basis that they fall short of describing what goes on in human production and comprehension. The author therefore proposes that the basic issues must be rethought and new theoretical foundations reformulated, in order to arrive at a viable theory of language functioning. In developing the framework of the model presented in this book, requirements of flexibility in the performance mechanisms, the probabilistic nature of comprehension processes, and the interleaving of linguistic rules with context and knowledge of the world are emphasized.
Author : David L. Waltz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317933496
Natural language understanding is central to the goals of artificial intelligence. Any truly intelligent machine must be capable of carrying on a conversation: dialogue, particularly clarification dialogue, is essential if we are to avoid disasters caused by the misunderstanding of the intelligent interactive systems of the future. This book is an interim report on the grand enterprise of devising a machine that can use natural language as fluently as a human. What has really been achieved since this goal was first formulated in Turing’s famous test? What obstacles still need to be overcome?
Author : Mira Ariel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317933830
Accessing Noun-Phrase Antecedents offers a radical shift in the analysis of discourse anaphora, from a purely pragmatic account to a cognitive account, in terms of processing procedures. Mira Ariel defines referring expressions as markers signalling the degree of Accessibility in memory of the antecedent. The notion of Accessibility is explicitly defined, the crucial factors being the Salience of the antecedent, and the Unity between the antecedent and the anaphor. This analysis yields an astonishing array of new results. The precise distribution of referring expressions in actual discourse is directly predicted. Several universals of anaphoric relations are stated. Thus, although not all languages necessarily have the same markers, and nor do they assign them precisely the same function, Ariel shows that they all obey the same Accessibility marking hierarchy. This book will be compulsory reading for anyone with an interest in the semantics and pragmatics of referring expressions, in the interaction of semantics and pragmatics, and more generally in the interaction between peripheral and central cognitive systems.
Author : Ianthi-Maria Tsimpli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317932987
This book provides a theory of first language acquisition in the syntactic framework of the theory of Universal Grammar. It addresses issues related to the earliest stage of development which ends roughly around the child’s second birthday. The theory put forward capitalises on the traditional observation that early child grammars characteristically lack lexical and morphological elements which belong to the ‘closed-class’ system. This book provides an account of the grammatical differences between the set of functional categories and the substantive categories.
Author : John R. Taylor
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : STANFORD:36105018273156
BL With a new final chapter which brings the book up to date First published in 1989, this book explores the far-reaching implications of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on categorization and prototype theory, extending the application of prototype theory from lexical semantics to morphology, syntax, and phonology. It provides a readable and clearly articulated introduction to the field of Cognitive Linguistics. For the second edition John Taylor has added a chapter which updates the book, particularly in its treatment of lexical semantics.
Author : Donna B. Gerdts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317918080
This book treats aspects of the syntax of Halkomelem, a Salish language spoken in southwestern British Columbia, specifically those constructions which involve objects, and seeks to accomplish two goals. First, it provides natural language fodder for the debate concerning the nature of grammatical relations and their place in syntactic theory. Second, by showing that Halkomelem draws from a familiar class of universal constructions and organizes its syntax around some simple and common parameters, the author has brought the Salish languages, which due to their phonological and morphological complexity seemed particularly fearsome, into cross-linguistic perspective.
Author : Rosalind Thornton,Kenneth Wexler
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0262201194
This is the first experimental study of Principle B with verb phrase ellipsis and properties of the interpretation of empty pronouns in ellipsis. Among the universal principles are those known as the principles of the binding theory. These principles constrain the range of interpretations that can be assigned to sentences containing reflexives and reciprocals, pronouns, and referring expressions. The principle that is relevant for pronouns, Principle B, has provided a fertile ground for the study of linguistic development. Although it has long been known that children make certain kinds of errors that appear to contradict this principle, further experimental and theoretical investigation reveals that the child does know the grammatical principle, but implements the pragmatic knowledge incorrectly. In fact, discoveries concerning children's knowledge of Principle B are among the most well-known in the study of language acquisition because of the dissociation between syntactic and pragmatic knowledge (binding versus reference). In this book the authors deepen and extend the results of years of developmental investigation of Principle B by studying the interaction of Principle B with verb phrase ellipsis and properties of the interpretation of empty pronouns in ellipsis--properties of "strict" and "sloppy" interpretation. This is the first experimental study of these topics in the developmental literature. The striking results show that detailed predictions from the "pragmatic deficiency" theory seem to be correct. Many novel experimental results concern the question of how children interpret pronouns, including elided pronouns, and how they understand VP ellipsis. The authors present the necessary theoretical background on Principle B, review and critique previous accounts of childrens errors, and present a novel account of why children misinterpret pronouns. The book will thus be of interest not only to readers interested in the development of the binding theory, but to those interested in the development of interpretation and reference by children.
Author : Charles W. Kreidler
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : English language
ISBN : OCLC:639648861
A comprehensive, accessible introduction to semantics, the study of meaning. The author shows how language organizes and expresses meanings through words, parts of words and sentences.
Author : Larry Trask
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317859154
The terminology used in linguistics can be confusing for those encountering the subject for the first time. This dictionary provides accessible and authoritative explanations of the terms and concepts currently in use in all the major areas of language and linguistics, (pronunciation, word structure, sentence structure, meaning) as well as in the study of the social, anthropological, psychological and neurological aspects of language. Entries are clear and unambiguous, and helpful examples are used to clarify where appropriate. Particular attention is given to the terminology of traditional grammar. There are entries for the names of major language families, and there are also brief biographical entries for the major figures in the field, past and present. An extensive cross-referencing system makes the book easy to use: an invaluable annotated bibliography of texts on linguistics makes it an ideal guide for everyone beginning the study of language and linguistics.
Author : Vulf Plotkin
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781581129939
A description of the English language as a dynamic system in the evolutionary process of radical typological restructuring, which has deeply affected its constituent subsystems - grammatical, lexical and phonic.
Author : Robert B. Lees
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : English language
ISBN : UOM:39015026969736
Author : Susan Strauss,Parastou Feiz,Xuehua Xiang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : English language
ISBN : 1138785261
Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts: A Discourse-Based Approach to English Grammar is a book for language teachers and learners that focuses on the meanings of grammatical constructions within discourse, rather than on language as structure governed by rigid rules. This text emphasizes the ways in which users of language construct meaning, express viewpoints, and depict imageries using the conceptual, meaning-filled categories that underlie all of grammar. Written by a team of authors with years of experience teaching grammar to future teachers of English, this book puts grammar in the context of real language and illustrates grammar in use through an abundance of authentic data examples. Each chapter also provides a variety of activities that focus on grammar, genre, discourse, and meaning, which can be used as they are or can be adapted for classroom practice. The activities are also designed to raise awareness about discourse, grammar, and meaning in all facets of everyday life, and can be used as springboards for upper high school, undergraduate, and graduate level research projects and inquiry-based grammatical analysis. Grammar, Meaning, and Concepts is an ideal textbook for those in the areas of teacher education, discourse analysis, applied linguistics, second language teaching, ESL, EFL, and communications who are looking to teach and learn grammar from a dynamic perspective.
Author : Geoffrey N. Leech
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015008793674
