Mergers Acquisitions A Real Option Valuation Approach Of Investment Decision Under Uncertainty

Author : Marc Zajicek
Publisher : diplom.de
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004-01-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783832475758

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Mergers & Acquisitions - a Real Option valuation approach of investment decision under uncertainty by Marc Zajicek Pdf

Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The objective of this dissertation is to examine the application of Real Options for the evaluation of companies with regard to acquisitions. There has been an intensive scientific discussion in the past years about the Real Options method for the evaluation of investments and mergers & acquisitions as in practice usually the management tries to capture future developments with static methods of capital budgeting. For example, future cash-flows are discounted with a fixed risk-adjusted discount rate. Therefore, the Real Options approach has been applied very rarely as it has the reputation of high complexity and poor practicability in daily business. However, the use of present values and capitalized values may produce pitfalls in acquisition decisions as strategic investment decisions might be characterized by a wide range of possibilities to react flexibly to a fast changing environment. In chapter 1, the term Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A) is defined and the motives as well as the relevance of M&A transactions for different branches are described in detail. Furthermore, the process and the different phases of a merger or an acquisition are explained. Chapter 2 presents traditional evaluation methods of static net present value, sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo and decision tree. These classic methods are discussed and a comparison is drawn among these techniques in regard to practicability. At the end of this chapter, a evaluation is presented in regard to specific situations with the mayor parameter of uncertainty and flexibility for the application of these classic methods. The basic concept of option pricing is described in chapter 3. In addition, the Black-Scholes equation and the underlying assumptions are explained in detail in order to understand financial options, which are the basic for the Real Options approach. At the end of the chapter, an example of a call and put option is discussed in order to understand the functioning of options. Chapter 4 presents an introduction and definition of the Real Options method. Furthermore, the value drivers and the value creation due to the application of Real Options are discussed and analyzed in detail. After the discussion of the functioning of Real Options, a comparison of the analogy between financial Options and Real Options is done in order to possible differences. In this context, the limitations of the analogy of financial and Real Options are presented. Finally, [...]

Author : Jeffrey J. Reuer,Tony W. Tong
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2007-07-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781849504942

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Real Options Theory by Jeffrey J. Reuer,Tony W. Tong Pdf

Examines the ways in which real options theory can contribute to strategic management. This volume offers conceptual pieces that trace out pathways for the theory to move forward and presents research on the implications of real options for strategic investment, organization, and firm performance.

Author : Han T. J. Smit,Thras Moraitis
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691176413

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Playing at Acquisitions by Han T. J. Smit,Thras Moraitis Pdf

A groundbreaking approach to mergers and acquisitions It is widely accepted that a large proportion of acquisition strategies fail to deliver the expected value. Globalizing markets characterized by growing uncertainty, together with the advent of new competitors, are further complicating the task of valuing acquisitions. Too often, managers rely on flawed valuation models or their intuition and experience when making risky investment decisions, exposing their companies to potentially costly pitfalls. Playing at Acquisitions provides managers with a powerful methodology for designing and executing successful acquisition strategies. The book tackles the myriad executive biases that infect decision making at every stage of the acquisition process, and the inadequacy of current valuation approaches to help mitigate these biases and more realistically represent value in uncertain environments. Bringing together the latest advances in behavioral finance, real option valuation, and game theory, this unique playbook explains how to express acquisition strategies as sets of real options, explicitly introducing uncertainty and future optionality into acquisition strategy design. It shows how to incorporate the competitive dynamics that exist in different acquisition contexts, acknowledge and even embrace uncertainty, identify the value of the real options embedded in targets, and more. Rooted in economic theory and featuring numerous real-world case studies, Playing at Acquisitions will enhance the ability of CEOs and their teams to derive value from their acquisition strategies, and is also an ideal resource for researchers and MBAs.

Author : H. Kent Baker,Halil Kiymaz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118030356

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The Art of Capital Restructuring by H. Kent Baker,Halil Kiymaz Pdf

The most up-to-date guide on making the right capital restructuring moves The Art of Capital Restructuring provides a fresh look at the current state of mergers, acquisitions, and corporate restructuring around the world. The dynamic nature of M&As requires an evolving understanding of the field, and this book considers several different forms of physical restructuring such as divestitures as well as financial restructuring, which refers to alterations in the capital structure of the firm. The Art of Capital Restructuring not only explains the financial aspects of these transactions but also examines legal, regulatory, tax, ethical, social, and behavioral considerations. In addition to this timely information, coverage also includes discussion of basic concepts, motives, strategies, and techniques as well as their application to increasingly complex, real-world situations. Emphasizes best practices that lead to M&A success Contains important and relevant research studies based on recent developments in the field Comprised of contributed chapters from both experienced professionals and academics, offering a variety of perspectives and a rich interplay of ideas Skillfully blending theory with practice, this book will put you in a better position to make the right decisions with regard to capital restructuring in today's dynamic business world.

Author : Johnathan Mun
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 916 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2010-06-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470620014

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Modeling Risk by Johnathan Mun Pdf

An updated guide to risk analysis and modeling Although risk was once seen as something that was both unpredictable and uncontrollable, the evolution of risk analysis tools and theories has changed the way we look at this important business element. In the Second Edition of Analyzing and Modeling Risk, expert Dr. Johnathan Mun provides up-to-date coverage of risk analysis as it is applied within the realms of business risk analysis and offers an intuitive feel of what risk looks like, as well as the different ways of quantifying it. This Second Edition provides professionals in all industries a more comprehensive guide on such key concepts as risk and return, the fundamentals of model building, Monte Carlo simulation, forecasting, time-series and regression analysis, optimization, real options, and more. Includes new examples, questions, and exercises as well as updates using Excel 2007 Book supported by author's proprietary risk analysis software found on the companion CD-ROM Offers both a qualitative and quantitative description of risk Filled with in-depth insights and practical advice, this reliable resource covers all of the essential tools and techniques that risk managers need to successfully conduct risk analysis. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Author : Morton Glantz,Johnathan Mun
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0123785863

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Credit Engineering for Bankers by Morton Glantz,Johnathan Mun Pdf

More efficient credit portfolio engineering can increase the decision-making power of bankers and boost the market value of their banks. By implementing robust risk management procedures, bankers can develop comprehensive views of obligors by integrating fundamental and market data into a portfolio framework that treats all instruments similarly. Banks that can implement strategies for uncovering credit risk investments with the highest return per unit of risk can confidently build their businesses. Through chapters on fundamental analysis and credit administration, authors Morton Glantz and Johnathan Mun teach readers how to improve their credit skills and develop logical decision-making processes. As readers acquire new abilities to calculate risks and evaluate portfolios, they learn how credit risk strategies and policies can affect and be affected by credit ratings and global exposure tracking systems. The result is a book that facilitates the discipline of market-oriented portfolio management in the face of unending changes in the financial industry. Concentrates on the practical implementation of credit engineering strategies and tools Demonstrates how bankers can use portfolio analytics to increase their insights about different groups of obligors Investigates ways to improve a portfolio’s return on risk while minimizing probability of insolvency

Author : Jay B. Abrams
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470390160

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Quantitative Business Valuation by Jay B. Abrams Pdf

Quantitative Business Valuation A Mathematical Approach for Today's Professionals Essential reading for the serious business appraiser, Quantitative Business Valuation, Second Edition is the definitive guide to quantitative measurements in the valuation process. No other book written on business valuation is as well researched, innovative, and bottom-line beneficial to you as a practitioner. Written by leading valuation and litigation economist Jay B. Abrams, this text is a rigorous and eye-opening treatment filled with applications for a wide variety of scenarios in the valuation of your privately held business. Substantially revised for greater clarity and logical flow, the Second Edition includes new coverage of: Converting forecast net income to forecast cash flow Damages in manufacturing firms Regressing scaled y-variables as a way to control for heteroscedasticity Mathematical derivation of the Price-to-Sales (PS) ratio Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and Real Options (RO) Analysis Venture capital and angel investor rates of return Lost inventory and lost profits damage formulas in litigation Organized into seven sections, the first three parts of this book follow the chronological sequence of performing a discounted cash flow. The fourth part puts it all together, covering empirical testing of Abrams' valuation theory and measuring valuation uncertainty and error. Parts five to seven round it all out with discussion of litigation, valuing ESOPs and partnership buyouts, and probabilistic methods including valuing start-ups. The resulting work, solidly grounded in economic theory and including all necessary mathematics, integrates existing science into the valuation profession—and develops valuation formulas and models that you will find useful on a daily basis.

Author : Johnathan Mun
Publisher : John Wiley and Sons
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118006337

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What Is So Real About Real Options, and Why Are They Optional? by Johnathan Mun Pdf

In the past, corporate investment decisions were cut and dried. Buy a new machine that is more efficient, make more products costing a certain amount, and if the benefits outweigh the costs, execute the investment. Hire a larger pool of sales associates, expand the current geographical area, and if the marginal increase in forecast sales revenues exceeds the additional salary and implementation costs, start hiring. Need a new manufacturing plant? Show that the construction costs can be recouped quickly and easily by the increase in revenues the plant will generate through new and improved products, and the initiative is approved. However, real-life business conditions are a lot more complicated. Your firm decides to go with an e-commerce strategy, but multiple strategic paths exist. Which path do you choose? What are the options you have? If you choose the wrong path, how do you get back on the right track? How do you value and prioritize the paths that exist? You are a venture capitalist firm with multiple business plans to consider. How do you value a start-up firm with no proven track record? How do you structure a mutually beneficial investment deal? What is the optimal timing to a second or third round of financing? This chapter provides a novel approach to applying real options to answering these issues and more.

Author : David Heller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781786305220

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Investment Decision-making Using Optional Models by David Heller Pdf

In order to create value, companies must allocate their resources effectively and evaluate investment alternatives. This book examines, from a theoretical and empirical point of view, how managerial flexibility can be integrated into investment decisions through the optional approach. Unlike the traditional net present value method, the actual options take into account indeterminate elements. These lead to unpredictable cash flows at the time of the investment decision, especially in the context of complex and risky projects. The book puts into perspective the use of optional models and their interactions. The different categories of options are the subject of practical applications, through analysis of investment decisions where uncertainty is growing. Therefore, studies make it possible to consider the flexible nature of investment choices by integrating new information and risk over time.

Author : Lenos Trigeorgis
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1995-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780313020827

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Real Options in Capital Investment by Lenos Trigeorgis Pdf

This compilation integrates various new contributions to the growing real options literature. Recent developments in the valuation of capital investment opportunities seen as real options (e.g. to defer, expand, abandon, or switch) have provided the tools and unlocked the possibilities to revolutionize the field of capital budgeting. The resulting insights, strategies, and techniques enable quantifying the thus far elusive elements of managerial operating flexibility and strategic interactions. These are vital to successfully capitalize on favorable future investment opportunities or limit losses from adverse market developments. This book presents various models and operating strategies, and a variety of applications ranging from acquisitions and divestitures, to natural resource development and pollution compliance. It is intended for both the academic and the professional market. The book's contributions are divided into five parts, covering sections on real options and alternative valuation paradigms for capital investment analysis; on the analysis of general exchange or switching options, and interdependencies among multiple such options; on strategic acquisitions, infrastructure, and foreign investment options; on mean reversion/ alternative formulations in natural resource investments, shipping, and start-up ventures; and on other applications in pollution compliance, land development, flexible manufacturing, and financial default options. Both academic and practitioner interest in these developments is unusually high. The book can serve as supplementary material for the academic market, e.g., in advanced finance courses in option pricing or capital budgeting, in doctoral seminars, and as a library resource. It may also be of interest to the professional market (e.g. corporate planners and finance executives in the oil, pharmaceutical, auto and a variety of other industries), academics from related areas (e.g. decision analysts or economists), as well as to international readers (academics, doctoral students, and professionals).

Author : Ulrich Hommel,Michael Fabich,Ervin Schellenberg,Lutz Firnkorn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642043499

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The Strategic CFO by Ulrich Hommel,Michael Fabich,Ervin Schellenberg,Lutz Firnkorn Pdf

The role of the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) has substantially changed in a world characterized by globalized financial markets and truly global products. The accelerated development of new technologies, products, and markets has led to an increasingly dynamic and uncertain competitive situation. The book demonstrates and discusses the impact of this changing corporate environment on the role and responsibilities of the CFO. A more holistic view that integrates business and financial decisions is required in order to manage these challenges of globalization. The book shows how the CFO can adopt and implement this management approach and thus play a vital role in the firm’s value creation.

Author : Karyl B Leggio
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2006-07-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080479081

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Managing Enterprise Risk: What the Electric Industry Experience Implies for Contemporary Business by Karyl B Leggio Pdf

The increasing complexity of emerging business models and a growing societal concern with the integrity of financial reporting now leads to new emphases on accountability within large, publicly traded energy corporations. Managing Enterprise Risk: What the Electric Industry Experience Implies for Contemporary Business emphasizes the implications these issues have in the electric industry, a traditional infrastructure that underlies the digital society and now faces extraordinary environmental, regulatory, and technological uncertainties. Informs professionals in a variety of fields of the best current thinking on business risk—how it can be understood, how it can be managed, and how it can be communicated to diverse constituencies

Author : Marion A. Brach
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2003-04-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780471445562

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Real Options in Practice by Marion A. Brach Pdf

Explores real option theory applied in practice Real options are quickly becoming the valuation and decision-making method of choice for many companies, including oil and gas companies, utilities and natural resource companies, pharmaceutical and biotech companies, Internet companies, and many others. Real Options in Practice allows readers to view the world of real options from the vantage point of a corporate practitioner applying real option valuation techniques on a regular basis. Expert Marion Brach describes the challenges of implementing a real option framework in practice within a corporate setting. Touching on the real options most firms care about, Real Options in Practice identifies the classic types of real options-deferral, abandonment, switching, expansion, and compound-and explores the main concepts critical to understanding real option theory. Through Brach's own three-step real option valuation method readers will learn how the theory of real options is now being applied to drive better, more profitable corporate decision-making. Marion A. Brach, MD, MBA (Hagen, Germany), has undertaken financial valuation of business opportunities and acquisitions using scenario and real option valuation in the biotech industry. A recognized expert on real option theory and practice, Brach received her MBA from the Manchester Business School and frequently speaks at real option seminars.

Author : Renata Korsakienė,Hasan Dinçer,Serhat Yüksel
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783036512297

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Innovation, Internationalization and Entrepreneurship by Renata Korsakienė,Hasan Dinçer,Serhat Yüksel Pdf

Over the past years, businesses have had to tackle the issues caused by numerous forces from political, technological and societal environment. The changes in the global market and increasing uncertainty require us to focus on disruptive innovations and to investigate this phenomenon from different perspectives. The benefits of innovations are related to lower costs, improved efficiency, reduced risk, and better response to the customers’ needs due to new products, services or processes. On the other hand, new business models expose various risks, such as cyber risks, operational risks, regulatory risks, and others. Therefore, we believe that the entrepreneurial behavior and global mindset of decision-makers significantly contribute to the development of innovations, which benefit by closing the prevailing gap between developed and developing countries. Thus, this Special Issue contributes to closing the research gap in the literature by providing a platform for a scientific debate on innovation, internationalization and entrepreneurship, which would facilitate improving the resilience of businesses to future disruptions.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences
Page : 2004 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9788676802555

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Proceedings of the XIII International Symposium SymOrg 2012: Innovative Management and Business Performance by Anonim Pdf