Modeling The Effect Of Injecting Low Salinity Water On Oil Recovery From Carbonate Reservoirs

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Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs

Emad W. Al Shalabi
Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs Book PDF

Author : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Publisher : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Page : 697 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs by Emad W. Al Shalabi Pdf

The low salinity water injection technique (LSWI) has become one of the important research topics in the oil industry because of its possible advantages for improving oil recovery. Several mechanisms describing the LSWI process have been suggested in the literature; however, there is no consensus on a single main mechanism for the low salinity effect on oil recovery. As a result of the latter, there are few models for LSWI and especially for carbonates due to their heterogeneity and complexity. In this research, we proposed a systematic approach for modeling the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by proposing six different methods for history matching and three different LSWI models for the UTCHEM simulator, empirical, fundamental, and mechanistic LSWI models. The empirical LSWI model uses contact angle measurements and injected water salinity. The fundamental LSWI model captures the effect of LSWI through the trapping number. In the mechanistic LSWI model, we include the effect of different geochemical reactions through Gibbs free energy. Moreover, field-scale predictions of LSWI were performed and followed by a sensitivity analysis for the most influential design parameters using design of experiment (DoE). The LSWI technique was also optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) where a response surface was built. Also, we moved a step further by investigating the combined effect of injecting low salinity water and carbon dioxide on oil recovery from carbonates through modeling of the process and numerical simulations using the UTCOMP simulator. The analysis showed that CO2 is the main controller of the residual oil saturation whereas the low salinity water boosts the oil production rate by increasing the oil relative permeability through wettability alteration towards a more water-wet state. In addition, geochemical modeling of LSWI only and the combined effect of LSWI and CO2 were performed using both UTCHEM and PHREEQC upon which the geochemical model in UTCHEM was modified and validated against PHREEQC. Based on the geochemical interpretation of the LSWI technique, we believe that wettability alteration is the main contributor to the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by anhydrite dissolution and surface charge change through pH exceeding the point of zero charge.

Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs

Emad W. Al Shalabi
Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs Book PDF

Author : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Publisher : Emad W. Al Shalabi
Page : 697 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Modeling the Effect of Injecting Low Salinity Water on Oil Recovery from Carbonate Reservoirs by Emad W. Al Shalabi Pdf

The low salinity water injection technique (LSWI) has become one of the important research topics in the oil industry because of its possible advantages for improving oil recovery. Several mechanisms describing the LSWI process have been suggested in the literature; however, there is no consensus on a single main mechanism for the low salinity effect on oil recovery. As a result of the latter, there are few models for LSWI and especially for carbonates due to their heterogeneity and complexity. In this research, we proposed a systematic approach for modeling the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by proposing six different methods for history matching and three different LSWI models for the UTCHEM simulator, empirical, fundamental, and mechanistic LSWI models. The empirical LSWI model uses contact angle measurements and injected water salinity. The fundamental LSWI model captures the effect of LSWI through the trapping number. In the mechanistic LSWI model, we include the effect of different geochemical reactions through Gibbs free energy. Moreover, field-scale predictions of LSWI were performed and followed by a sensitivity analysis for the most influential design parameters using design of experiment (DoE). The LSWI technique was also optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) where a response surface was built. Also, we moved a step further by investigating the combined effect of injecting low salinity water and carbon dioxide on oil recovery from carbonates through modeling of the process and numerical simulations using the UTCOMP simulator. The analysis showed that CO2 is the main controller of the residual oil saturation whereas the low salinity water boosts the oil production rate by increasing the oil relative permeability through wettability alteration towards a more water-wet state. In addition, geochemical modeling of LSWI only and the combined effect of LSWI and CO2 were performed using both UTCHEM and PHREEQC upon which the geochemical model in UTCHEM was modified and validated against PHREEQC. Based on the geochemical interpretation of the LSWI technique, we believe that wettability alteration is the main contributor to the LSWI effect on oil recovery from carbonates by anhydrite dissolution and surface charge change through pH exceeding the point of zero charge.

Low Salinity and Engineered Water Injection for Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoirs

Emad Walid Al Shalabi,Kamy Sepehrnoori
Low Salinity and Engineered Water Injection for Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoirs Book PDF

Author : Emad Walid Al Shalabi,Kamy Sepehrnoori
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128136058

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Low Salinity and Engineered Water Injection for Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoirs by Emad Walid Al Shalabi,Kamy Sepehrnoori Pdf

Low Salinity and Engineered Water Injection for Sandstones and Carbonate Reservoirs provides a first of its kind review of the low salinity and engineered water injection (LSWI/EWI) techniques for today’s more complex enhanced oil recovery methods. Reservoir engineers today are challenged in the design and physical mechanisms behind low salinity injection projects, and to date, the research is currently only located in numerous journal locations. This reference helps readers overcome these challenging issues with explanations on models, experiments, mechanism analysis, and field applications involved in low salinity and engineered water. Covering significant laboratory, numerical, and field studies, lessons learned are also highlighted along with key areas for future research in this fast-growing area of the oil and gas industry. After an introduction to its techniques, the initial chapters review the main experimental findings and explore the mechanisms behind the impact of LSWI/EWI on oil recovery. The book then moves on to the critical area of modeling and simulation, discusses the geochemistry of LSWI/EWI processes, and applications of LSWI/EWI techniques in the field, including the authors’ own recommendations based on their extensive experience. It is an essential reference for professional reservoir and field engineers, researchers and students working on LSWI/EWI and seeking to apply these methods for increased oil recovery. Teaches users how to understand the various mechanisms contributing to incremental oil recovery using low salinity and engineering water injection (LSWI/EWI) in sandstones and carbonates Balances guidance between designing laboratory experiments, to applying the LSWI/EWI techniques at both pilot-scale and full-field-scale for real-world operations Presents state-of-the-art approaches to simulation and modeling of LSWI/EWI

Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding

Kun Sang Lee,Ji Ho Lee
Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding Book PDF

Author : Kun Sang Lee,Ji Ho Lee
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780128172988

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Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding by Kun Sang Lee,Ji Ho Lee Pdf

Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Smart Waterflooding explains the latest technologies used in the integration of low-salinity and smart waterflooding in other EOR processes to reduce risks attributed to numerous difficulties in existing technologies, also introducing the synergetic effects. Covering both lab and field work and the challenges ahead, the book delivers a cutting-edge product for today’s reservoir engineers. Explains how smart waterflooding is beneficial to each EOR process, such as miscible, chemical and thermal technologies Discusses the mechanics and modeling involved using geochemistry Provides extensive tools, such as reservoir simulations through experiments and field tests, establishing a bridge between theory and practice

Chemical Methods

Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh,Mahin Schaffie,Mohammad Ranjbar,Mingzhe Dong,Zhaomin Li
Chemical Methods Book PDF

Author : Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh,Mahin Schaffie,Mohammad Ranjbar,Mingzhe Dong,Zhaomin Li
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128219324

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Chemical Methods by Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh,Mahin Schaffie,Mohammad Ranjbar,Mingzhe Dong,Zhaomin Li Pdf

Chemical Methods, a new release in the Enhanced Oil Recovery series, helps engineers focus on the latest developments in one fast-growing area. Different techniques are described in addition to the latest technologies in data mining and hybrid processes. Beginning with an introduction to chemical concepts and polymer flooding, the book then focuses on more complex content, guiding readers into newer topics involving smart water injection and ionic liquids for EOR. Supported field case studies illustrate a bridge between research and practical application, thus making the book useful for academics and practicing engineers. This series delivers a multi-volume approach that addresses the latest research on various types of EOR. Supported by a full spectrum of contributors, this book gives petroleum engineers and researchers the latest developments and field applications to drive innovation for the future of energy. Presents the latest research and practical applications specific to chemical enhanced oil recovery methods Helps users understand new research on available technology, including chemical flooding specific to unconventional reservoirs and hybrid chemical options Includes additional methods, such as data mining applications and economic and environmental considerations

An Experimental and Numerical Study of Low Salinity Effects on the Oil Recovery of Carbonate Limestone Samples

Felix Feldmann
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Low Salinity Effects on the Oil Recovery of Carbonate Limestone Samples Book PDF

Author : Felix Feldmann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3736971761

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An Experimental and Numerical Study of Low Salinity Effects on the Oil Recovery of Carbonate Limestone Samples by Felix Feldmann Pdf

Low-salinity waterflooding is a relatively simple and cheap Enhanced oil recovery technique in which the salinity of the injected water is optimized (by desalination and/or modification) to improve oil recovery over conventional waterflooding. The presented study combines spontaneous imbibition, centrifuge method, unsteady state coreflooding and zeta potential experiments to investigate low-salinity effects in carbonate limestones samples. Compared to Formation-water and Sea-water, Diluted-sea-water caused the significantly highest spontaneous oil recovery. Moreover, the imbibition capillary pressure curves are characterized by an increasing water-wetting tendency and a residual oil saturation reduction, as the salinity of the imbibing brines decreases in comparison to Formation-water. The unsteady state corefloodings resulted in the highest secondary oil recovery when Diluted-sea-water was used as injection water. Based on the open-source C++ simulator Dumux, the study developed a numerical centrifuge and coreflooding model to history match the experimental data. The numerically derived capillary pressure and relative permeability data confirm a correlation between the system's salinity, wettability, oil recovery and residual oil saturation.

Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery

Patrizio Raffa,Pablo Druetta
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Book PDF

Author : Patrizio Raffa,Pablo Druetta
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783110640434

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Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by Patrizio Raffa,Pablo Druetta Pdf

This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies

James J.Sheng
Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies Book PDF

Author : James J.Sheng
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 710 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123865465

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Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by James J.Sheng Pdf

Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies bridges the gap between theory and practice in a range of real-world EOR settings. Areas covered include steam and polymer flooding, use of foam, in situ combustion, microorganisms, "smart water"-based EOR in carbonates and sandstones, and many more. Oil industry professionals know that the key to a successful enhanced oil recovery project lies in anticipating the differences between plans and the realities found in the field. This book aids that effort, providing valuable case studies from more than 250 EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. The case studies cover practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, operational parameters, solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies, benefitting academicians and oil company practitioners alike. Strikes an ideal balance between theory and practice Focuses on practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, and operational parameters Designed for technical professionals, covering the fundamental as well as the advanced aspects of EOR

Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes

Ariffin Samsuri
Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes Book PDF

Author : Ariffin Samsuri
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781789851076

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Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes by Ariffin Samsuri Pdf

Concerned with production decline, shortages of new oil reserves, and increasing world energy demand, the oil sector continues to search for economic and efficient techniques to enhance their oil recovery from the existing oil field using several enhanced oil recovery techniques (EOR)methods. Despite its highefficiency, widely acclaimed potentials, and limitations, the Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF), hybrid, and nanotechnology applications have gained vast interest with promising future to increase ultimate oil recovery, tackle operational challenges, reduce environmental damage, and allow the highest feasible recoveries with lower production costs. This synergistic combination has opened new routes for novel materials with fascinating properties. This book aims to provide an overview of EOR technology such as LSWF, hybrid, and nanotechnology applications in EOR processes.

Polymer Flooding

W. Littmann
Polymer Flooding Book PDF

Author : W. Littmann
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1988-09-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080868820

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Polymer Flooding by W. Littmann Pdf

This book covers all aspects of polymer flooding, an enhanced oil recovery method using water soluble polymers to increase the viscosity of flood water, for the displacement of crude oil from porous reservoir rocks. Although this method is becoming increasingly important, there is very little literature available for the engineer wishing to embark on such a project. In the past, polymer flooding was mainly the subject of research. The results of this research are spread over a vast number of single publications, making it difficult for someone who has not kept up-to-date with developments during the last 10 to 15 years to judge the suitability of polymer flooding to a particular field case. This book tries to fill that gap. The basic mechanisms of the process are described and criteria given where it may be employed. Basic elements of the chemistry of EOR-polymers are provided. The fundamentals of polymer physics, such as rheology, flow in porous media and adsorption, are derived. Practical hints on mixing and testing of polymers in the laboratory are given, as well as instructions for their application in the oil field. Polymer flooding is illustrated by some case histories and the economics of the methods are examined. For the essential subjects, example calculations are added. An indispensable book for reservoir engineers, production engineers and laboratory technicians within the petroleum industry.

Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery

James Sheng
Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Book PDF

Author : James Sheng
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080961630

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Modern Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by James Sheng Pdf

Crude oil development and production in U.S. oil reservoirs can include up to three distinct phases: primary, secondary, and tertiary (or enhanced) recovery. During primary recovery, the natural pressure of the reservoir or gravity drive oil into the wellbore, combined with artificial lift techniques (such as pumps) which bring the oil to the surface. But only about 10 percent of a reservoir's original oil in place is typically produced during primary recovery. Secondary recovery techniques to the field's productive life generally by injecting water or gas to displace oil and drive it to a production wellbore, resulting in the recovery of 20 to 40 percent of the original oil in place. In the past two decades, major oil companies and research organizations have conducted extensive theoretical and laboratory EOR (enhanced oil recovery) researches, to include validating pilot and field trials relevant to much needed domestic commercial application, while western countries had terminated such endeavours almost completely due to low oil prices. In recent years, oil demand has soared and now these operations have become more desirable. This book is about the recent developments in the area as well as the technology for enhancing oil recovery. The book provides important case studies related to over one hundred EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. These case studies focus on practical problems, underlying theoretical and modelling methods, operational parameters (e.g., injected chemical concentration, slug sizes, flooding schemes and well spacing), solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies. The book strikes an ideal balance between theory and practice, and would be invaluable to academicians and oil company practitioners alike. Updated chemical EOR fundamentals providing clear picture of fundamental concepts Practical cases with problems and solutions providing practical analogues and experiences Actual data regarding ranges of operation parameters providing initial design parameters Step-by-step calculation examples providing practical engineers with convenient procedures

Data Science and Machine Learning Applications in Subsurface Engineering

Daniel Asante Otchere
Data Science and Machine Learning Applications in Subsurface Engineering Book PDF

Author : Daniel Asante Otchere
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2024-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781003860198

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Data Science and Machine Learning Applications in Subsurface Engineering by Daniel Asante Otchere Pdf

This book covers unsupervised learning, supervised learning, clustering approaches, feature engineering, explainable AI and multioutput regression models for subsurface engineering problems. Processing voluminous and complex data sets are the primary focus of the field of machine learning (ML). ML aims to develop data-driven methods and computational algorithms that can learn to identify complex and non-linear patterns to understand and predict the relationships between variables by analysing extensive data. Although ML models provide the final output for predictions, several steps need to be performed to achieve accurate predictions. These steps, data pre-processing, feature selection, feature engineering and outlier removal, are all contained in this book. New models are also developed using existing ML architecture and learning theories to improve the performance of traditional ML models and handle small and big data without manual adjustments. This research-oriented book will help subsurface engineers, geophysicists, and geoscientists become familiar with data science and ML advances relevant to subsurface engineering. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of data-driven approaches for salt identification, seismic interpretation, estimating enhanced oil recovery factor, predicting pore fluid types, petrophysical property prediction, estimating pressure drop in pipelines, bubble point pressure prediction, enhancing drilling mud loss, smart well completion and synthetic well log predictions.

Recent Insights in Petroleum Science and Engineering

Mansoor Zoveidavianpoor
Recent Insights in Petroleum Science and Engineering Book PDF

Author : Mansoor Zoveidavianpoor
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535138099

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Recent Insights in Petroleum Science and Engineering by Mansoor Zoveidavianpoor Pdf

This book presents new insights into the development of different aspects of petroleum science and engineering. The book contains 19 chapters divided into two main sections: (i) Exploration and Production and (ii) Environmental Solutions. There are 11 chapters in the first section, and the focus is on the topics related to exploration and production of oil and gas, such as characterization of petroleum source rocks, drilling technology, characterization of reservoir fluids, and enhanced oil recovery. In the second section, the special emphasis is on waste technologies and environmental cleanup in the downstream sector. The book written by numerous prominent scholars clearly shows the necessity of the multidisciplinary approach to sustainable development in the petroleum industry and stresses the most updated topics such as EOR and environmental cleanup of fossil fuel wastes.

Formation Damage during Improved Oil Recovery

Bin Yuan,David Wood
Formation Damage during Improved Oil Recovery Book PDF

Author : Bin Yuan,David Wood
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128137833

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Formation Damage during Improved Oil Recovery by Bin Yuan,David Wood Pdf

Formation Damage during Improved Oil Recovery: Fundamentals and Applications bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and field practice by presenting information on formation damage issues that arise during enhanced oil recovery. Multi-contributed technical chapters include sections on modeling and simulation, lab experiments, field case studies, and newly proposed technologies and methods that are related to formation damage during secondary and tertiary recovery processes in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Focusing on both the fundamental theories related to EOR and formation damage, this reference helps engineers formulate integrated and systematic designs for applying EOR processes while also considering formation damage issues. Presents the first complete reference addressing formation damage as a result of enhanced oil recovery Provides the mechanisms for formation damage issues that are coupled with EOR Suggests appropriate preventative actions or responses Delivers a structured approach on how to understand the fundamental theories, practical challenges and solutions

Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies

Tor Austad
Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies Book PDF

Author : Tor Austad
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 712 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128057766

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Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies by Tor Austad Pdf

Water flooding of oil reservoirs has been performed for a century in order to improve oil recovery for two reasons: (1) give pressure support to the reservoir to prevent gas production and (2) displace the oil by viscous forces. During the last 30 years, it was discovered that the wetting properties of the reservoir played a very important role for the efficiency of the water flood. Even though much work have been published on crude oil–brine–rock (CBR) interaction related to wetting properties, Professor N.R. Morrow, University of Wyoming, asked the audience the following question at the European enhanced oil-recovery (EOR) meeting in Cambridge, April 2011: Do we understand water flooding of oil reservoirs? If we are not able to explain why injection fluids of different ionic composition can have a great impact on displacement efficiency and oil recovery, the answer to Morrow’s question is NO. Researchers have to admit that we do not know the phenomena of water flooding well enough. The key to improve our understanding is to obtain fundamental chemical understanding of the CBR interaction by controlled laboratory studies, and then propose chemical mechanisms, which should be validated also from field experience. In this chapter, I have tried to sum up our experience and chemical understanding on water-based EOR in carbonates and sandstones during the last 20 years with a specific focus on initial wetting properties and possibilities for wettability modification to optimize oil recovery. Chemically, the CBR interaction is completely different in carbonates and sandstones. The proposed chemical mechanisms for wettability modification are used to explain field observations.