Molecular Paleobiology Of The Echinoderm Skeleton

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Molecular Paleobiology of the Echinoderm Skeleton

Jeffrey R. Thompson
Molecular Paleobiology of the Echinoderm Skeleton Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey R. Thompson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781009189194

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Molecular Paleobiology of the Echinoderm Skeleton by Jeffrey R. Thompson Pdf

The echinoderms are an ideal group to understand evolution from a holistic, interdisciplinary framework. The genetic regulatory networks underpinning development in echinoderms are some of the best known for any model group. Additionally, the echinoderms have an excellent fossil record, elucidating in in detail the evolutionary changes underpinning morphological evolution. In this Element, the echinoderms are discussed as a model group for molecular palaeobiological studies, integrating what is known of their development, genomes, and fossil record. Together, these insights shed light on the molecular and morphological evolution underpinning the vast biodiversity of echinoderms, and the animal kingdom more generally.

Functional Micromorphology of the Echinoderm Skeleton

Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Functional Micromorphology of the Echinoderm Skeleton Book PDF

Author : Przemyslaw Gorzelak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108898980

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Functional Micromorphology of the Echinoderm Skeleton by Przemyslaw Gorzelak Pdf

Echinoderms elaborate a calcite skeleton composed of numerous plates with a distinct microstructure (stereom) that can be modelled into different shapes thanks to the use of a transient amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor phase and the incorporation of an intraorganic matrix during biomineralization. A variety of different types of stereom microarchitecture have been distinguished, each of them optimized for a specific function. For instance, a regular, galleried stereom typically houses collagenous ligaments, whereas an irregular, fine labyrinthic stereom commonly bears muscles. Epithelial tissues, in turn, are usually associated with coarse and dense stereom microfabrics. Stereom can be preserved in fossil echinoderms and a wide array of investigating methods are available. As many case studies have shown, a great deal of important paleobiological and paleoecological information can be decoded by studying the stereom microstructure of extinct echinoderms.

A Review and Evaluation of Homology Hypotheses in Echinoderm Paleobiology

Colin D. Sumrall,Sarah L. Sheffield,Jennifer E. Bauer,Jeffrey R. Thompson,Johnny A. Waters
A Review and Evaluation of Homology Hypotheses in Echinoderm Paleobiology Book PDF

Author : Colin D. Sumrall,Sarah L. Sheffield,Jennifer E. Bauer,Jeffrey R. Thompson,Johnny A. Waters
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 91 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781009397162

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A Review and Evaluation of Homology Hypotheses in Echinoderm Paleobiology by Colin D. Sumrall,Sarah L. Sheffield,Jennifer E. Bauer,Jeffrey R. Thompson,Johnny A. Waters Pdf

The extraxial-axial theory (EAT) and universal elemental homology (UEH) are often portrayed as mutually exclusive hypotheses of homology within pentaradiate Echinodermata. EAT describes homology upon the echinoderm bauplan, interpreted through early post-metamorphic growth and growth zones, dividing it into axial regions generally associated with elements of the ambulacral system and extraxial regions that are not. UEH describes the detailed construction of the axial skeleton, dividing it into homologous plates and plate series based on symmetry, early growth, and function. These hypotheses are not in conflict; the latter is rooted in refinement of the former. Some interpretive differences arise because many of the morphologies described from eleutherozoan development are difficult to reconcile with Paleozoic forms. Conversely, many elements described for Paleozoic taxa by UEH, such as the peristomial border plates, are absent in eleutherozoans. This Element recommends these two hypotheses be used together to generate a better understanding of homology across Echinodermata.

A Review of Blastozoan Echinoderm Respiratory Structures

Sarah L. Sheffield,Maggie R. Limbeck,Jennifer E. Bauer,Stephen A. Hill,Martina Nohejlová
A Review of Blastozoan Echinoderm Respiratory Structures Book PDF

Author : Sarah L. Sheffield,Maggie R. Limbeck,Jennifer E. Bauer,Stephen A. Hill,Martina Nohejlová
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781108899604

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A Review of Blastozoan Echinoderm Respiratory Structures by Sarah L. Sheffield,Maggie R. Limbeck,Jennifer E. Bauer,Stephen A. Hill,Martina Nohejlová Pdf

Echinoderms have evolved diverse and disparate morphologies throughout the Phanerozoic. Among them, blastozoans, an extinct group of echinoderms that were an important component of Paleozoic marine ecosystems, are primarily subdivided into groups based on the morphology of respiratory structures. However, systematic and phylogenetic research from the past few decades have shown that respiratory structures in blastozoans are not group-defining and they have re-evolved throughout echinoderm evolution. This Element provides a review of the research involving blastozoan respiratory structures, along with research concerning the morphology, paleoecology, and ontogeny of each of the major groupings of blastozoans as it relates to their corresponding respiratory structures. Areas of future research in these groups are also highlighted.

The Ecology of Biotic Interactions in Echinoids

Elizabeth Petsios,Lyndsey Farrar,Shamindri Tennakoon,Fatemah Jamal,Roger W. Portell,Michał Kowalewski,Carrie L. Tyler
The Ecology of Biotic Interactions in Echinoids Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Petsios,Lyndsey Farrar,Shamindri Tennakoon,Fatemah Jamal,Roger W. Portell,Michał Kowalewski,Carrie L. Tyler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-31
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781108899840

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The Ecology of Biotic Interactions in Echinoids by Elizabeth Petsios,Lyndsey Farrar,Shamindri Tennakoon,Fatemah Jamal,Roger W. Portell,Michał Kowalewski,Carrie L. Tyler Pdf

This Element reviews the ecologies of skeletal trace-producing interactions on echinoids in Modern ecosystems and the recognition of those biogenic traces in the fossil record. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Echinoderm Paleobiology

William I. Ausich,Gary D. Webster
Echinoderm Paleobiology Book PDF

Author : William I. Ausich,Gary D. Webster
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008-07-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780253351289

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Echinoderm Paleobiology by William I. Ausich,Gary D. Webster Pdf

The dominant faunal elements in shallow Paleozoic oceans, echinoderms are important to understanding these marine ecosystems. Echinoderms (which include such animals as sea stars, crinoids or sea lilies, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers) have left a rich and, for science, extremely useful fossil record. For various reasons, they provide the ideal source for answers to the questions that will help us develop a more complete understanding of global environmental and biodiversity changes. This volume highlights the modern study of fossil echinoderms and is organized into five parts: echinoderm paleoecology, functional morphology, and paleoecology; evolutionary paleoecology; morphology for refined phylogenetic studies; innovative applications of data encoded in echinoderms; and information on new crinoid data sets.

Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology

Christopher R. C. Paul,Andrew B. Smith
Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : Christopher R. C. Paul,Andrew B. Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UCSD:31822002404325

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Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology by Christopher R. C. Paul,Andrew B. Smith Pdf

This unique overview of current research on echinoderm evolution brings together a series of authoritative syntheses and reviews of this diverse marine invertebrate group which includes starfishes and sea urchins. Included in the 26 chapters are molecular biology, biochemistry, developmental biology, comparative anatomy, and palaeontology of the echinoderms.

Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record

Michael J. Benton,David A. T. Harper
Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Benton,David A. T. Harper
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119272861

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Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record by Michael J. Benton,David A. T. Harper Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the science of the history of life. Paleobiologists bring many analytical tools to bear in interpreting the fossil record and the book introduces the latest techniques, from multivariate investigations of biogeography and biostratigraphy to engineering analysis of dinosaur skulls, and from homeobox genes to cladistics. All the well-known fossil groups are included, including microfossils and invertebrates, but an important feature is the thorough coverage of plants, vertebrates and trace fossils together with discussion of the origins of both life and the metazoans. All key related subjects are introduced, such as systematics, ecology, evolution and development, stratigraphy and their roles in understanding where life came from and how it evolved and diversified. Unique features of the book are the numerous case studies from current research that lead students to the primary literature, analytical and mathematical explanations and tools, together with associated problem sets and practical schedules for instructors and students. New to this edition The text and figures have been updated throughout to reflect current opinion on all aspects New case studies illustrate the chapters, drawn from a broad distribution internationally Chapters on Macroevolution, Form and Function, Mass extinctions, Origin of Life, and Origin of Metazoans have been entirely rewritten to reflect substantial advances in these topics There is a new focus on careers in paleobiology

Disarticulation and Preservation of Fossil Echinoderms: Recognition of Ecological-Time Information in the Echinoderm Fossil Record

William I. Ausich
Disarticulation and Preservation of Fossil Echinoderms Recognition of Ecological Time Information in the Echinoderm Fossil Record Book PDF

Author : William I. Ausich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781108896474

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Disarticulation and Preservation of Fossil Echinoderms: Recognition of Ecological-Time Information in the Echinoderm Fossil Record by William I. Ausich Pdf

The history of life on earth is largely reconstructed from time-averaged accumulations of fossils. A glimpse at ecologic-time attributes and processes is relatively rare. However, the time-sensitive and predictability of echinoderm disarticulation makes them model organisms to determine post-mortem transportation and allows recognition of ecological-time data within paleocommunity accumulations. Unlike many other fossil groups, this has allowed research on many aspects of echinoderms and their paleocommunities, such as the distribution of soft tissues, assessment of the amount of fossil transportation prior to burial, determination of intraspecific variation, paleocommunity composition, estimation of relative abundance of taxa in paleocommunities, determination of attributes of niche differentiation, etc. Crinoids and echinoids have received the most amount of taphonomic research, and the patterns present in these two groups can be used to develop a more thorough understanding of all echinoderm clades.

Echinoderms Through Time

Bruno David,Alain Guille,Jean-Pierre Feral
Echinoderms Through Time Book PDF

Author : Bruno David,Alain Guille,Jean-Pierre Feral
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 970 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1994-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9054105143

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Echinoderms Through Time by Bruno David,Alain Guille,Jean-Pierre Feral Pdf

Echinoderms are now considered as a biological and geological model that underlies researches of primary importance. The extent of the contributions made by the International Echinoderm Conferences to various fields of research is attested by the scope covered by presentation at the international conferences. These proceedings contain the complete papers or abstracts of all the presentations and posters presented at the eighth International Echinoderm Conference, held in Dijon, France in September, 1994. Coverage includes: general; extinct classes; crinoids; asteroids; ophiuroids; holothuroids; and echinoids.

Echinoderm Research 1995

Roland Emson,Andrew Smith,Andrew Campbell
Echinoderm Research 1995 Book PDF

Author : Roland Emson,Andrew Smith,Andrew Campbell
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1995-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9054105968

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Echinoderm Research 1995 by Roland Emson,Andrew Smith,Andrew Campbell Pdf

This volume demonstrates the wide range of echinoderm research, from molecular genetics to palaeontology, in progress today. It features 45 papers on: biochemical and molecular studies; environmental monitoring; functional biology; palaeontology; development, growth and regeneration; and reproduction.

Echinoderm Morphological Disparity: Methods, Patterns, and Possibilities

Bradley Deline
Echinoderm Morphological Disparity Methods Patterns and Possibilities Book PDF

Author : Bradley Deline
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108898041

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Echinoderm Morphological Disparity: Methods, Patterns, and Possibilities by Bradley Deline Pdf

The quantification of morphology through time is a vital tool in elucidating macroevolutionary patterns. Studies of disparity require intense effort but can provide insights beyond those gained using other methodologies. Over the last several decades, studies of disparity have proliferated, often using echinoderms as a model organism. Echinoderms have been used to study the methodology of disparity analyses and potential biases as well as documenting the morphological patterns observed in clades through time. Combining morphological studies with phylogenetic analyses or other disparate data sets allows for the testing of detailed and far-reaching evolutionary hypotheses.

The Taphonomy of Echinoids

James H. Nebelsick,Andrea Mancosu
The Taphonomy of Echinoids Book PDF

Author : James H. Nebelsick,Andrea Mancosu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108899574

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The Taphonomy of Echinoids by James H. Nebelsick,Andrea Mancosu Pdf

The study of echinoid evolution, diversity, and ecology has always suffered from the fact that they are represented by taxa showing widely differing architectural designs of their multi-plated skeletons, inhabiting a large range of marine paleoenvironments, which result in highly varying taphonomic biases dictating their presence and recognition. This Element addresses the taphonomy of echinoids and includes: a general introduction to the morphological features of echinoids that play a role in their preservation; a review of processes which play an important role in the differential preservation of both regular and irregular echinoids including predation and transport; a summary of taphonomic pathways included in actualistic studies for recent sea urchins and then reconstructed for fossil taxa; and finally, a case study of the variation of echinoid taphonomy across a shelf gradient using the rich Miocene echinoid fauna of Sardinia.

Echinoid Palaeobiology

Andrew B. Smith
Echinoid Palaeobiology Book PDF

Author : Andrew B. Smith
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1984-01-01
Category : Echinides fossiles
ISBN : 0045630011

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Echinoid Palaeobiology by Andrew B. Smith Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive synthesis of the range of biological information that can be retrieved from the fossilised skeletons of echinoids. The first half consists of a detailed explanation of the functional significance of skeletal structures and the inferences to be drawn from them about the living animals. This is followed by a discussion of the important evolutionary changes that have taken place and why they may have occurred. Finally, there is a section on how echinoids relate to other echinoderm groups.

Gene Regulatory Mechanisms in Development and Evolution: Insights from Echinoderms

Anonim
Gene Regulatory Mechanisms in Development and Evolution Insights from Echinoderms Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128171875

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Gene Regulatory Mechanisms in Development and Evolution: Insights from Echinoderms by Anonim Pdf

Sea urchins and other echinoderms, which have been studied intensively by developmental biologists for more than a century, are currently among the most prominent models for elucidating the genomic regulatory processes that control embryogenesis and the evolution of those processes. This volume contains reviews from the world's leading researchers who are using echinoderms to address these questions. Chapters focus on gene regulatory networks that drive the differentiation and morphogenesis of major embryonic tissues such as the skeleton, muscle, nervous system, immune system, pigment cells, and germ line, and on evolutionary insights from comparative studies of these networks across echinoderms and other taxa. Other chapters comprehensively review the architecture and evolution of the cell signaling pathways that establish the early embryonic axes and on recent evolutionary changes in gene networks that have led to dramatic changes in the life history modes of echinoderms. This volume provides a comprehensive, current picture of exciting research at the interface between developmental genomics and evolution from one of the research communities leading this work. Contributions from leading investigators who use echinoderms as model organisms Up-to-date reviews of developmental gene regulatory networks Current work at the interface between developmental genomics and evolution