Monitoring Nuclear Weapons And Nuclear Explosive Materials
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National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control
Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 266 pages File Size : 42,8 Mb Release : 2005-04-15 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309181211
Monitoring Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear-Explosive Materials by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control Pdf
In this study, CISAC tackles the technical dimensions of a longstanding controversy: To what extent could existing and plausibly attainable measures for transparency and monitoring make possible the verification of all nuclear weaponsâ€"strategic and nonstrategic, deployed and nondeployedâ€"plus the nuclear-explosive components and materials that are their essential ingredients? The committee's assessment of the technical and organizational possibilities suggests a more optimistic conclusion than most of those concerned with these issues might have expected.
Nuclear Security by Michael Nacht,Michael Frank,Stanley Prussin Pdf
This textbook is the first comprehensive and systematic account of the science, technology and policy issues associated with nuclear energy and nuclear weapons. Throughout their account of the evolution of nuclear policy, from its origin to the early Trump presidency, the authors interweave clear technical expositions of the science and technology that underpin and constrain it. The book begins by tracing the early work in atomic physics, the discovery of fission, and the developments that led to the Manhattan Project and the delivery of atomic bombs against Japan that ended World War II. It follows the initial failed attempts at nuclear disarmament, the onset of the Cold War nuclear arms competition, and the development of light water reactors to harness nuclear energy for electric power generation. The authors thoroughly unpack the problem of nuclear proliferation, examining the strategy and incentives for states that have and have not pursued nuclear weapons, and providing an overview of the nuclear arsenals of the current nuclear weapon states. They trace the technical, political and strategic evolution of deterrence, arms control and disarmament policies from the first attempts for an Outer Space Treaty in 1957 through the new START treaty of 2009. At critical junctures in the narrative, the authors explain the relevant nuclear science and technology including nuclear fission and criticality; nuclear materials and enrichment; nuclear detonation and nuclear weapons effects; nuclear weapons stockpile constraints, stewardship and surveillance; nuclear fusion and thermonuclear weapons; technologies for monitoring, verification and proliferation; and nuclear forensics. They conclude with an assessment of contemporary issues ranging from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action reached to halt Iran’s nuclear weapons development program, to the threat of nuclear terrorism, the perceived nuclear weapons policies of Russia and China, and the US efforts to provide disincentives for its allies to acquire their own nuclear weapons by maintaining credible security guarantees.
Protection, Control, and Accounting of Nuclear Materials by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation Pdf
The U.S. and Russian academies convened a workshop in 2003 for sharing best practices in nuclear materials protection, control, and accounting (MPC&A), including the status and application of remote monitoring technologies, personnel issues, and both national and international safeguards worldwide. The goals of the workshop were to identify areas in which the United States and Russia can promote best practices in MPC&A globally and expand U.S.-Russian cooperation on nuclear non-proliferation. The papers presented in the workshop and the outcomes of workshop discussions form the basis for this workshop summary.
Nuclear materials have civilian utilization too along with military utilization. The dual nature of the utilization of nuclear materials has organised many problems but has also created several opportunities. The developed or developing nations should try to eliminate the danger of nuclear conflicts from human life and to develop nuclear technologies that work for the welfare of the mankind. This book may have an impact on politicians and policy makers, scientists and technologists, economists and educationists, and advocates and activists.
Analytical Methods for Nonproliferation by Edward C. Morse Pdf
This book is intended to be used as a textbook and research reference for the field of nuclear nonproliferation. The book is primarily technical and focussed on methods of detecting clandestine nuclear material that might be illicitly transported. The book also touches on nuclear forensics, i.e. methods for identification, attribution, and establishment of transport pathways for illicit nuclear material. Also covered are topics of methods used for arms control and treaty verification, and an assessment of technologies under development for all of the above. A description of the government and international agencies involved in nuclear terrorism prevention, nuclear safeguards, and arms control is also included.
Routledge Handbook of Nuclear Proliferation and Policy by Joseph F. Pilat,Nathan E. Busch Pdf
This new Handbook is a comprehensive examination of the rich and complex issues of nuclear proliferation in the early 21st century. The future of the decades-long effort to prevent the further spread of weapons of mass destruction is at a crossroads today. If international nonproliferation efforts are to be successful, an integrated, multi-tiered response will almost certainly be necessary. A serious, thorough, and clear-eyed examination of the range of threats, challenges, and opportunities facing the international community is a necessary first step. This Handbook, which presents the most up-to-date analysis and policy recommendations on these critical issues by recognized, leading scholars in the field, intends to provide such an examination. The volume is divided into three major parts: Part I presents detailed threat assessments of proliferation risks across the globe, including specific regions and countries. Part II explains the various tools developed by the international community to address these proliferation threats. Part III addresses the proliferation risks and political challenges arising from nuclear energy production, including potential proliferation by aspiring states and nonstate groups. This Handbook will be of great interest to students and practitioners of nuclear proliferation, arms control, global governance, diplomacy, and global security and IR general.
Russian Academy of Sciences,National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on Indigenization of Programs to Prevent Leakage of Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium from Russian Facilities
Author : Russian Academy of Sciences,National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on Indigenization of Programs to Prevent Leakage of Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium from Russian Facilities Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 118 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 2006-03-22 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309097055
Strengthening Long-Term Nuclear Security by Russian Academy of Sciences,National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on Indigenization of Programs to Prevent Leakage of Plutonium and Highly Enriched Uranium from Russian Facilities Pdf
In July 2005, the National Academies released the report Strengthening Long-term Nuclear Security: Protecting Weapon-Usable Material in Russia. The report highlighted several obstacles in the transition from a U.S.-Russian cooperative program to a Russian-directed and Russian-funded fully indigenized program that will ensure the security of 600 tons of weapon-usable nuclear material at a level of international acceptability. Overcoming these obstacles requires an increased political commitment at a number of levels of the Russian Government to modern material protection, control, and accounting systems (MPC&A). Adequate resources must be provided to facilities where weapon-usable material is located for upgrading and maintaining MPC&A systems. Additionally, the technical security systems that are being installed through the cooperative program need to be fully embraced by Russian managers and specialists. The report recommends the establishment of a ten-year indigenization fund of about $500 million provided by Russia and its G-8 partners as a new mechanism for gradually shifting the financial burden of MPC&A to the Russian Government.
"Nuclear terrorism is such a disturbing prospect that we shy away from its details. Yet as a consequence, we fail to understand how best to defeat it. Michael Levi takes us inside nuclear terrorism and behind the decisions a terrorist leader would be faced with in pursuing a nuclear plot. Along the way, Levi identifies the many obstacles, large and small, that such a terrorist scheme might encounter, allowing him to discover a host of ways that any plan might be foiled. Surveying the broad universe of plots and defenses, this accessible account shows how a wide-ranging defense that integrates the tools of weapon and materials security, law enforcement, intelligence, border controls, diplomacy, and the military can multiply, intensify, and compound the possibility that nuclear terrorists will fail. Levi draws from our long experience with terrorism and cautions us not to focus solely on the most harrowing yet most improbable threats. Nuclear terrorism shares much in common with other terrorist threats--and as a result, he argues, defeating it is impossible unless we put our entire counterterrorism and homeland security house in order. As long as we live in a nuclear age, no defense can completely eliminate nuclear terrorism. But this book reminds us that the right strategy can minimize the risks and shows us how to do it."
Ten expert contributors present a blueprint for actions future government leaders will need to guide policy making to reduce nuclear dangers. The authors identify the key technical, political, and diplomatic challenges associated with verifying, monitoring, and enforcing a world free of nuclear weapons and provide potential solutions to those challenges.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Panel on Basic Research Requirements in Support of Comprehensive Test Ban Monitoring
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Panel on Basic Research Requirements in Support of Comprehensive Test Ban Monitoring Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 151 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 1997-09-01 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309058261
Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Panel on Basic Research Requirements in Support of Comprehensive Test Ban Monitoring Pdf
On September 24, 1996, President Clinton signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty at the United Nations Headquarters. Over the next five months, 141 nations, including the four other nuclear weapon statesâ€"Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdomâ€"added their signatures to this total ban on nuclear explosions. To help achieve verification of compliance with its provisions, the treaty specifies an extensive International Monitoring System of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic, and radionuclide sensors. This volume identifies specific research activities that will be needed if the United States is to effectively monitor compliance with the treaty provisions.
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on the Review of Capabilities for Detection Verification and Monitoring of Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material
Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on the Review of Capabilities for Detection Verification and Monitoring of Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material Publisher : Unknown Page : 128 pages File Size : 52,6 Mb Release : 2022-01-19 Category : Mathematics ISBN : 0309314348
Nuclear Proliferation and Arms Control Monitoring, Detection, and Verification by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on the Review of Capabilities for Detection Verification and Monitoring of Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material Pdf
At the request of Congress, this report presents findings and recommendations related to governance of the U.S. government's monitoring, detection, and verification (MDV) enterprise and offers findings and recommendations related to technical MDV capabilities and research, development, test, and evaluation efforts, focused in particular on the nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear test explosions, and arms control.
Nuclear Proliferation and Terrorism in the Post-9/11 World by David Hafemeister Pdf
This book fills a clear gap in the literature for a technically-focused book covering nuclear proliferation and related issues post-9/11. Using a concept-led approach which serves a broad readership, it provides detailed overview of nuclear weapons, nuclear proliferation and international nuclear policy. The author addresses topics including offensive and defensive missile systems, command and control, verification, weapon effects, and nuclear testing. A chronology of nuclear arms is presented including detailed discussion of the Cold War, proliferation, and arms control treaties. The book is tailored to courses on nuclear proliferation, and the general reader will also find it a fascinating introduction to the science and strategy behind international nuclear policy in the modern era.
Transparency in Nuclear Warheads and Materials by Nicholas Zarimpas Pdf
These studies address the technical means and procedures for establishing transparency in nuclear warheads and materials in the nuclear weapons states.
National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on Technical Issues Related to Ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Author : National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on Technical Issues Related to Ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 102 pages File Size : 53,6 Mb Release : 2002-08-01 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309182935
Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty by National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on International Security and Arms Control,Committee on Technical Issues Related to Ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Pdf
Drawing upon the considerable existing body of technical material related to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, the National Academy of Sciences reviewed and assessed the key technical issues that arose during the Senate debate over treaty ratification. In particular, these include: (1) the capacity of the United States to maintain confidence in the safety and reliability of its nuclear stockpile in the absence of nuclear testing; (2) the nuclear-test detection capabilities of the international monitoring system (with and without augmentation by national systems and instrumentation in use for scientific purposes, and taking into account the possibilities for decoupling nuclear explosions from surrounding geologic media); and (3) the additions to their nuclear-weapons capabilities that other countries could achieve through nuclear testing at yield levels that might escape detection, and the effect of such additions on the security of the United States.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on the Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on the Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 146 pages File Size : 52,7 Mb Release : 2005-10-06 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309096737
Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on the Effects of Nuclear Earth-Penetrator and Other Weapons Pdf
Underground facilities are used extensively by many nations to conceal and protect strategic military functions and weapons' stockpiles. Because of their depth and hardened status, however, many of these strategic hard and deeply buried targets could only be put at risk by conventional or nuclear earth penetrating weapons (EPW). Recently, an engineering feasibility study, the robust nuclear earth penetrator program, was started by DOE and DOD to determine if a more effective EPW could be designed using major components of existing nuclear weapons. This activity has created some controversy about, among other things, the level of collateral damage that would ensue if such a weapon were used. To help clarify this issue, the Congress, in P.L. 107-314, directed the Secretary of Defense to request from the NRC a study of the anticipated health and environmental effects of nuclear earth-penetrators and other weapons and the effect of both conventional and nuclear weapons against the storage of biological and chemical weapons. This report provides the results of those analyses. Based on detailed numerical calculations, the report presents a series of findings comparing the effectiveness and expected collateral damage of nuclear EPW and surface nuclear weapons under a variety of conditions.