Muslims And Communists In Post Transition States

Author : Ben Fowkes,Bulent Gokay
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317995395

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Muslims and Communists in Post-Transition States by Ben Fowkes,Bulent Gokay Pdf

Popular uprisings have taken many different forms in the last hundred or so years since Muslims first began to grapple with modernity and to confront various systems of domination both European and indigenous.The relevance of studies of popular uprising and revolt in the Muslim world has recently been underlined by shattering recent events, particularly in Egypt, Yemen, Tunisia and Libya. The book consists of a close analysis of the problématique of the Qur’an, showing the openness of the text to Islamic reform and renewal; the role of Islam in creating a specific form of communism in Albania and Kosova; the Chechen revolts against Russian rule after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the short-lived period of alliance between communism and Islam in the early 1920s; the history of alliances between British Muslims and socialists since the 1950s. The book also traces the evolution of the Muslim-Communist alliance during the twentieth century, analyses the driving forces behind it, looks at the new situation created by the democratic revolts of 2010-11 in the Middle East and attempts a prognosis for future relations between these and existing communist groups. This volume contributes to the debate over the aims and methods of these popular uprisings. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics.

Author : Alexandre A. Bennigsen,S. Enders Wimbush
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1980-09-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226042367

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Muslim National Communism in the Soviet Union by Alexandre A. Bennigsen,S. Enders Wimbush Pdf

In this study, Bennigsen and Wimbush trace the development of the doctrine of national communism in Central Asia and the Caucasus. At the heart of this doctrine—as elaborated by the Volga Tatar, Mir-Said Sultan Galiev—was the concept of "proletarian nations," as opposed to the traditional notion of a working class. With such ideological innovations, Sultan Galiev and his contemporaries were able to reconcile Marxist nationalisms and Islam and devise an "Eastern strategy" whereby the national revolution was to be spread. The authors show that the ideas of Muslim national communism persist in the land of their birth and have spread to such developing societies as China, Algeria, and Indonesia. This doctrine is an important factor in the ideological split and increasing tensions between industrial and nonindustrial nations, East and West, and now North and South, which grip the world communist movement.

Author : Adeeb Khalid
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-08
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780520957862

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Islam after Communism by Adeeb Khalid Pdf

How do Muslims relate to Islam in societies that experienced seventy years of Soviet rule? How did the utopian Bolshevik project of remaking the world by extirpating religion from it affect Central Asia? Adeeb Khalid combines insights from the study of both Islam and Soviet history to answer these questions. Arguing that the sustained Soviet assault on Islam destroyed patterns of Islamic learning and thoroughly de-Islamized public life, Khalid demonstrates that Islam became synonymous with tradition and was subordinated to powerful ethnonational identities that crystallized during the Soviet period. He shows how this legacy endures today and how, for the vast majority of the population, a return to Islam means the recovery of traditions destroyed under Communism. Islam after Communism reasons that the fear of a rampant radical Islam that dominates both Western thought and many of Central Asia’s governments should be tempered with an understanding of the politics of antiterrorism, which allows governments to justify their own authoritarian policies by casting all opposition as extremist. Placing the Central Asian experience in the broad comparative perspective of the history of modern Islam, Khalid argues against essentialist views of Islam and Muslims and provides a nuanced and well-informed discussion of the forces at work in this crucial region.

Author : Egdūnas Račius
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2020-05-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004430525

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Islam in Post-communist Eastern Europe by Egdūnas Račius Pdf

In Islam in Post-communist Eastern Europe Egdūnas Račius reveals how governance of religions and practical politics in Eastern Europe are permeated by churchification and securitization of Islam, and Muslim religious organizations have been turned into ecclesiastical-bureaucratic institutions akin to ‘Muslim Churches’.

Author : Galina M. Yemelianova,Egdūnas Račius
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781000686043

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Muslims of Post-Communist Eurasia by Galina M. Yemelianova,Egdūnas Račius Pdf

This book discusses the evolution of state governance of Islam and the nature and forms of local Muslims’ rediscovery of their ‘Muslimness’ across post-communist Eurasia. It examines the effects on the Islamic scene of the political and ideological divergence of Central and South-Eastern Europe from Russia and most of the Caucasus and Central Asia. Of particular interest are the implications of the proliferation of new, ‘global’ interpretations of Islam and their relationship with existing ‘traditional’ Islamic beliefs and practices. The contributions in this book address these issues through an interdisciplinary prism combining history, religious studies/theology, social anthropology, sociology, ethnology and political science. They analyse the greater public presence of Islam in constitutionally secular contexts and offer a critique of the domestication and accommodation of Islam in Europe, comparing these to what has happened in the international Eurasian space. The discussion is informed by the works of such thinkers as Talal Asad, Bryan Turner, Veit Bader, Marcel Maussen and Bassam Tibi, and utilises primary and secondary sources and ethnographic observation. Looking at how collectivities and individuals are defining what it means to be Muslim in a globalised Islamic context, this book will be of great interest to scholars of Religious Studies, Islamic Studies, Political Science, Sociology and Anthropology.

Author : Gabriel Warburg
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Communism
ISBN : 0714630802

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Islam, Nationalism and Communism in a Traditional Society by Gabriel Warburg Pdf

First Published in 1978. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Khalifa Abdul Hakim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1953
Category : Communism
ISBN : MINN:31951002017515N

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Islam & Communism by Khalifa Abdul Hakim Pdf

Author : Alexandre Bennigsen,Marie Broxup
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Asien
ISBN : 0709906196

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The Islamic Threat to the Soviet State by Alexandre Bennigsen,Marie Broxup Pdf

Author : Lin Hongxuan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9780197657409

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Ummah Yet Proletariat by Lin Hongxuan Pdf

From 1965 to 1966, at least 500,000 Indonesians were killed in military-directed violence that targeted suspected Communists. Muslim politicians justified the killings, arguing that Marxism posed an existential threat to all religions. Since then, the demonization of Marxism, as well as the presumed irreconcilability of Islam and Marxism, has permeated Indonesian society. Today, the Indonesian military and Islamic political parties regularly invoke the spectre of Marxism as an enduring threat that would destroy the republic if left unchecked. In Ummah Yet Proletariat, Lin Hongxuan explores the relationship between Islam and Marxism in the Netherlands East Indies (NEI) and Indonesia from the publication of the first Communist periodical in 1915 to the beginning of the 1965-66 massacres. Lin demonstrates how, in contrast to state-driven narratives, Muslim identity and Marxist analytical frameworks coexisted in Indonesian minds, as well as how individuals' Islamic faith shaped their openness to Marxist ideas. Examining Indonesian-language print culture, including newspapers, books, pamphlets, memoirs, letters, novels, plays, and poetry, Lin shows how deeply embedded confluences of Islam and Marxism were in the Indonesian nationalist project. He argues that these confluences were the result of Indonesian participation in networks of intellectual exchange across Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, of Indonesians "translating" the world to Indonesia in an ambitious project of creative adaptation.

Author : Leslie Holmes
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006-06-08
Category : History
ISBN : 0822337924

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Rotten States? by Leslie Holmes Pdf

DIVAnalyzes the scale, location, makeup, causes, and consequences of corruption in the post-communist world./div

Author : Grigore Pop-Eleches,Joshua A. Tucker
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400887828

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Communism's Shadow by Grigore Pop-Eleches,Joshua A. Tucker Pdf

It has long been assumed that the historical legacy of Soviet Communism would have an important effect on post-communist states. However, prior research has focused primarily on the institutional legacy of communism. Communism's Shadow instead turns the focus to the individuals who inhabit post-communist countries, presenting a rigorous assessment of the legacy of communism on political attitudes. Post-communist citizens hold political, economic, and social opinions that consistently differ from individuals in other countries. Grigore Pop-Eleches and Joshua Tucker introduce two distinct frameworks to explain these differences, the first of which focuses on the effects of living in a post-communist country, and the second on living through communism. Drawing on large-scale research encompassing post-communist states and other countries around the globe, the authors demonstrate that living through communism has a clear, consistent influence on why citizens in post-communist countries are, on average, less supportive of democracy and markets and more supportive of state-provided social welfare. The longer citizens have lived through communism, especially as adults, the greater their support for beliefs associated with communist ideology—the one exception being opinions regarding gender equality. A thorough and nuanced examination of communist legacies' lasting influence on public opinion, Communism's Shadow highlights the ways in which political beliefs can outlast institutional regimes.

Author : Alma Rachel Heckman
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781503614147

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The Sultan's Communists by Alma Rachel Heckman Pdf

The Sultan's Communists uncovers the history of Jewish radical involvement in Morocco's national liberation project and examines how Moroccan Jews envisioned themselves participating as citizens in a newly-independent Morocco. Closely following the lives of five prominent Moroccan Jewish Communists (Léon René Sultan, Edmond Amran El Maleh, Abraham Serfaty, Simon Lévy, and Sion Assidon), Alma Rachel Heckman describes how Moroccan Communist Jews fit within the story of mass Jewish exodus from Morocco in the 1950s and '60s, and how they survived oppressive post-independence authoritarian rule under the Moroccan monarchy to ultimately become heroic emblems of state-sponsored Muslim-Jewish tolerance. The figures at the center of Heckman's narrative stood at the intersection of colonialism, Arab nationalism, and Zionism. Their stories unfolded in a country that, upon independence from France and Spain in 1956, allied itself with the United States (and, more quietly, Israel) during the Cold War, while attempting to claim a place for itself within the fraught politics of the post-independence Arab world. The Sultan's Communists contributes to the growing literature on Jews in the modern Middle East and provides a new history of twentieth-century Jewish Morocco.

Author : S. A. Smith
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780191667527

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The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism by S. A. Smith Pdf

The impact of Communism on the twentieth century was massive, equal to that of the two world wars. Until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, historians knew relatively little about the secretive world of communist states and parties. Since then, the opening of state, party, and diplomatic archives of the former Eastern Bloc has released a flood of new documentation. The thirty-five essays in this Handbook, written by an international team of scholars, draw on this new material to offer a global history of communism in the twentieth century. In contrast to many histories that concentrate on the Soviet Union, The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism is genuinely global in its coverage, paying particular attention to the Chinese Revolution. It is 'global', too, in the sense that the essays seek to integrate history 'from above' and 'from below', to trace the complex mediations between state and society, and to explore the social and cultural as well as the political and economic realities that shaped the lives of citizens fated to live under communist rule. The essays reflect on the similarities and differences between communist states in order to situate them in their socio-political and cultural contexts and to capture their changing nature over time. Where appropriate, they also reflect on how the fortunes of international communism were shaped by the wider economic, political, and cultural forces of the capitalist world. The Handbook provides an informative introduction for those new to the field and a comprehensive overview of the current state of scholarship for those seeking to deepen their understanding.

Author : Egdunas Racius,Antonina Zhelyazkova
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004352681

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Islamic Leadership in the European Lands of the Former Ottoman and Russian Empires by Egdunas Racius,Antonina Zhelyazkova Pdf

In Islamic Leadership in the European Lands of the Former Ottoman and Russian Empires the development of national muftiates is presented through a double prism of the institutional structures of Muslim communities and the dimension of the spiritual guidance.

Author : Vladimir Tismaneanu,Jordan Luber
Publisher : Central European University Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789633864067

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One Hundred Years of Communist Experiments by Vladimir Tismaneanu,Jordan Luber Pdf

Why has communism’s humanist quest for freedom and social justice without exception resulted in the reign of terror and lies? The authors of this collective volume address this urgent question covering the one hundred years since Lenin’s coup brought the first communist regime to power in St. Petersburg, Russia in November 1917. The first part of the volume is dedicated to the varieties of communist fantasies of salvation, and the remaining three consider how communist experiments over many different times and regions attempted to manage economics, politics, as well as society and culture. Although each communist project was adapted to the situation of the country where it operated, the studies in this volume find that because of its ideological nature, communism had a consistent penchant for totalitarianism in all of its manifestations. This book is also concerned with the future. As the world witnesses a new wave of ideological authoritarianism and collectivistic projects, the authors of the nineteen essays suggest lessons from their analyses of communism’s past to help better resist totalitarian projects in the future.