National Conference As A Strategy For Conflict Transformation And Peacemaking

Author : Jacques L. Koko
Publisher : Adonis & Abbey Publishers Ltd
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-30
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781912234608

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National Conference as a Strategy for Conflict Transformation and Peacemaking by Jacques L. Koko Pdf

Events in the post Cold War era have challenged the notions of realism and realpolitik, with an upsurge in intrastate conflicts involving other actors than just the state. During this period, the international community has witnessed the limitations of the tenets of realism for addressing disastrous civil wars or ethno-political conflicts internal to the states. Largely because of this, and alongside the emerging field of conflict resolution in western countries, transitional conflict resolution mechanisms emerged with characteristic multi-track diplomacy orientations for solving national problems within African countries. By the end of the 1980s and early 1990s, several African countries, including South Africa, Burundi and Sierra Leone resorted to either a Truth and Reconciliation Commission or an international tribunal to handle violence and restore peace and justice. In the same period, other African countries opted for what was called 'national conference' to solve their national problems and transform conflict into an opportunity for structural change. In February 1990, the Republic of Benin, a small nation-state in West Africa, achieved peace through a national conference. The national conference in Benin was a national gathering for crisis resolution through social debates on critical issues facing the nation, and political decision making for constructive changes. As a pioneer, Benin led the political change movement of the national conference and was later followed by eight other African countries namely, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Togo, the Central African Republic, and the former Zaire, now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo. To date, most of the existing literature on the subject explores the phenomenon of national conference as something of a prelude to political transition to multipartyism and democracy. Part of the literature depicts the national conference as a civil coup d'etat, and recommends its institutionalization as a system for democratic transitions. This book takes a different approach by conceptualizing the national conference phenomenon as a multi-track diplomacy tool or as a process for conflict transformation and peacemaking. Building upon theories of conflict and conflict resolution, the author analyzes the national conference as a unique diplomatic approach to transforming national crisis, which expands the scope of strategies for peacemaking.

Author : Jacques L. Koko
Publisher : Adonis & Abbey Pub Limited
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1905068522

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National Conference as a Strategy for Conflict Transformation and Peacemaking by Jacques L. Koko Pdf

Events in the post Cold War era have challenged the notions of realism and realpolitik, with an upsurge in intrastate conflicts involving other actors than just the state. During this period, the international community has witnessed the limitations of the tenets of realism for addressing disastrous civil wars or ethno-political conflicts internal to the states. Largely because of this, and alongside the emerging field of conflict resolution in western countries, transitional conflict resolution mechanisms emerged with characteristic multi-track diplomacy orientations for solving national problems within African countries. By the end of the 1980s and early 1990s, several African countries, including South Africa, Burundi and Sierra Leone resorted to either a Truth and Reconciliation Commission or an international tribunal to handle violence and restore peace and justice. In the same period, other African countries opted for what was called 'national conference' to solve their national problems and transform conflict into an opportunity for structural change. In February 1990, the Republic of Benin, a small nation-state in West Africa, achieved peace through a national conference. The national conference in Benin was a national gathering for crisis resolution through social debates on critical issues facing the nation, and political decision making for constructive changes. As a pioneer, Benin led the political change movement of the national conference and was later followed by eight other African countries namely, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Togo, the Central African Republic, and the former Zaire, now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo. To date, most of the existing literature on the subject explores the phenomenon of national conference as something of a prelude to political transition to multipartyism and democracy. Part of the literature depicts the national conference as a civil coup d'etat, and recommends its institutionalization as a system for democratic transitions. This book takes a different approach by conceptualizing the national conference phenomenon as a multi-track diplomacy tool or as a process for conflict transformation and peacemaking. Building upon theories of conflict and conflict resolution, the author analyzes the national conference as a unique diplomatic approach to transforming national crisis, which expands the scope of strategies for peacemaking. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jacques KOKO is an Adjunct Professor in the Whitehead School of Diplomacy and International Relations at Seton Hall University, New Jersey, USA, where he teaches "Peacemaking and peacekeeping," "Conflict and Displacement in Africa," and "Ethnopolitical conflict." A Beninois, Professor Koko has worked as a Senior Social Analyst with the Institut Africain pour le Developpement Economique et Social (INADES) in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) and as an Associate Researcher with the Universite Nationale d'Abomey Calavi in Cotonou (Benin). Correlatively with his teaching position at Seton Hall University, he currently serves as a Senior Political Analyst for Americans for Informed Democracy. He publishes in both English and French "

Author : Jacques L. Koko,Essoh J. M. C. Essis
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2012-06-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780761858669

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Determinants of Success in UN Peacekeeping Operations by Jacques L. Koko,Essoh J. M. C. Essis Pdf

This book examines forty-six UN peacekeeping operations, initiated from 1956 through 2006 to manage cases of intrastate and interstate conflicts, to identify the most significant factors that could help to explain the success or lack of success of such operations. Factor analysis is used to exploit the correlations between independent variables in order to regroup them into a smaller set of factors explaining the success or failure of these operations. The results show that the success of a UN peacekeeping operation can be explained by factors that are related to four categories of variables: i) the scope of resources invested in peacekeeping; ii) the duration and intensity of conflict and time of preparation for peacekeeping intervention; iii) the political support for peacekeeping from the UN Security Council; and iv) the type of conflict.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192691026

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Global Canons in an Age of Contestation by Anonim Pdf

Comparative constitutionalism emerged in its current form against the backdrop of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Cold War. As that backdrop recedes into the past, it is being replaced by a more multi-polar and confusing world, and the current state of the discipline of comparative constitutionalism reflects this fragmentation and uncertainty. This has opened up space for new, more varied, and increasingly critical voices seeking to improve the project of democratic constitutionalism. But it also raises questions: What of the past, if anything, is worth preserving? Which more recent parts should be defining of the field? In this context, this book asks which are - or should be - the canonical texts of comparative constitutionalism. The theoretical scope of the contributions is broad and ambitious, selecting primary material from beyond the existing textbooks to engage the concept of a canon. This framework provides significant insights about inclusion and exclusion, and proposes candidates for canonical and anti-canonical materials. The result is a wide-ranging discussion, among many voices, of how particular judgments and other primary texts have shaped or should shape our understanding of central elements of democratic constitutionalism from a comparative law perspective. This book is not a prescription of one universal understanding, but a broader conversation about the field and the future of constitutional democracy.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780192691033

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by Anonim Pdf

Author : Sylvanus Barnabas
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781803569475

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Indigenous and Minority Populations by Sylvanus Barnabas Pdf

The sections and chapters contained in this book deal with issues and challenges facing indigenous and minority populations located in several geographical areas of the world. The papers are written by writers and scholars from various parts of the world and, like any piece of literature on indigenous and minority populations, the topics are diverse. The perspectives are both interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary. The issues examined in the various chapters cover areas pertaining to their human rights, preservation of their culture and identity, traditional knowledge, and their challenges, but also scholarly and epistemological approaches to understanding and articulating such topics in academic contexts. Indeed, the issues around indigenous and minority populations across the world transcend their human rights concerns in relation to dominant groups and institutions within the territorial boundaries of the modern states where they currently live. These issues are cultural, anthropological, sociological, philosophical and epistemological, as well as historical. Any scholarly piece of work on indigenous and minority populations is therefore inevitably inter-disciplinary, multi-disciplinary or both. The various topics examined by the authors epitomize this diversity of issues around such populations. The book is a significant source of information for students, academics, practitioners, policymakers, government officials and non-governmental organisations working on issues that pertain to such populations at national, regional and global levels.

Author : Mathurin C. Houngnikpo,Samuel Decalo
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : History
ISBN : 9780810871717

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Historical Dictionary of Benin by Mathurin C. Houngnikpo,Samuel Decalo Pdf

Benin is now perceived of as a model of democracy in Africa because it has successfully established a democratic political system based on consensus and regular and fair elections, and it continues to improve its electoral and parliamentary systems. Since its democracy it has taken important steps towards laying the foundation for the rule of law by establishing stable political institutions that can withstand the test of time. It has also engaged in an important legal, institutional, and regulatory reform to establish a more favorable environment for private initiative. The fourth edition of Historical Dictionary of Benin covers its history through a chronology, an introductory essay, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 900 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Benin.

Author : Bruce W. Dayton,Louis Kriesberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2009-02-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134018659

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Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding by Bruce W. Dayton,Louis Kriesberg Pdf

This book seeks to examine the causes of escalation and de-escalation in intrastate conflicts. Specifically, the volume seeks to map the processes and dynamics that lead groups challenging existing power structures to engage in violent struggle; the processes and dynamics that contribute to the de-escalation of violent struggle and the participation of challengers in peaceful political activities; and the processes and dynamics that sustain and nurture this transformation. By integrating the latest ideas with richly presented case studies, this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the forces that lead to moderation and constructive engagement in the context of violent, intrastate conflicts. This volume will be of great interest to students of conflict management, peace studies, conflict resolution, ethnic conflict and security studies in general.

Author : Amos Lakos
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429722059

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International Negotiations: A Bibliography by Amos Lakos Pdf

The international system comprises a plurality of sovereign states often pursuing conflicting interests. One means of resolving or managing conflicts between those states is diplomatic bargaining or negotiation. In the last fifteen years, the study of negotiation has attracted researchers from various disciplines in the social sciences, and the vol

Author : Bertrand G. Ramcharan
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-11-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004245907

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International Peace Conferences by Bertrand G. Ramcharan Pdf

This book has emerged out of the author's experience as Director of an innovative peacemaking, peacekeeping and humanitarian initiative, the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia, between 1992 and 1996. What was striking about this conference was the experiment of two full-time Co-Chairmen, one from the United Nations and one from the European Union, who laboured tirelessly for peace in different parts of the former Yugoslavia for three and a half years. The strategies and organization of the conference had to be pieced together from the start by the Co-Chairmen and their colleagues; only in retrospect could the question whether there might have been experiences of international peace conferences that might have been useful at the beginning of this process be reviewed. This research is contained in Part One of this book, which offers a review of the role of international peace conferences in history. Part Two contains a case study of the strategies and experiences of the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia.

Author : Laura E. Reimer,Katerina Standish,Chuck Thiessen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781498564182

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Conflict Transformation, Peacebuilding, and Storytelling by Laura E. Reimer,Katerina Standish,Chuck Thiessen Pdf

This book serves as an important link between conflict resolution practice and education by providing research from the unique perspective and approach of the Arthur V. Mauro Centre for Peace and Justice, one of the world’s leading academic programs for PACS research: storytelling, peacebuilding, and conflict transformation. Each chapter presents original research in critical issues in the field of PACS, and provides recent research for the future development of the field and the education of its practitioners and academics. The book has a wide audience targeting students at the undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate levels. It also extends to those working in and leading community conflict resolution efforts as well as humanitarian aid workers. Exploring the issues facing the field provides a means by which academics, students, and practitioners can develop theory, practice, pedagogy, and methodology to confront the complexity of contemporary conflicts while expanding opportunities for future research and practice. Contributors to the book are recognized scholars and practitioners in their respective fields. The authors’ take a holistic approach to the study, analysis, and resolution of conflict at the personal, interpersonal, societal and cultural levels. The book is a retrospective of the Mauro Centre and through its content, explores the roots of a major contributor to PACS scholarship. The scholarship represents those who come to the PACS field with a diversity of ideas, approaches, disciplinary roots, and topic areas, which speaks to the complexity, breadth, and depth needed to apply and take account of conflict dynamics and the goal of peace. This book reflects the unique model and approach of the Arthur V. Mauro Centre for Peace and Justice at the University of Manitoba in central Canada: conflict transformation, peacebuilding, and storytelling. Based in the doctoral theses and in celebration of the first decade of Canada’s only doctoral program in PACS, this volume, co-edited by three of the graduates of the program and written by colleagues, presents and explores a number of these issues while presenting new and leading research across the broad spectrum of Peace and Conflict Studies.

Author : Jamil Ur Rehman Awan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 107985536X

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Conflict Transformation, Civil Society and Inter-State Peace-Building by Jamil Ur Rehman Awan Pdf

The book is a pragmatic study of peace-building which is different from peace keeping and peacemaking as the last two are "fallible" and offer the transient and short term solution to peace. And dealing with conflict under these approaches is also not logically and practically plausible. Why not? The later parts of the book so minutely and thoroughly delineate their "failures" and being "unsuccessful" in attaining the fruitful and enduring results. The reason being, they offer conventional and unethical courses of bringing negative peace and apply the violent and coercive ways of tackling with a conflict, which cannot bring lasting and enduring peace. On the contrary, conflict transformation is in line with strategies used to build lasting peace (positive peace). It stresses the need of engaging "soft institutions", say, love, respect, putting oneself in other's place, respecting humanity, understanding the viewpoint of others on the rival side, and, finally to convert the long time animosity into lasting peace and compatibility. So, it is unjust not to quote Dorothy Thompson who views conflict in the following words, "Peace is not the absence of conflict but the presence of creative alternatives for responding to conflict alternatives to passive or aggressive responses, alternatives to violence." Thus, the book elaborates the importance of conflict transformation that opens doors for lasting and enduring peace and shutting the doors to aggression and violence. It helps get rid of negative peace which means absence of war or use of coercion to keep the peace. Hence, all the aforesaid discourses give vent to a question, "what is the connection between civil society and conflict transformation?" Civil society activists and organizations come at middle level according to Lederach's Pyramid Approaches to Peace-building (Lederach 1997). They have connections with both: below level / grassroots level masses as well as the leaders at the top, viz-a-viz top political leaders both from government and opposition, along with the military leadership. As the aforementioned model is applicable to intra-state level, it is only plausible if there is another pyramid model of peace drawn in the context of the rival country to transform the conflict for good. Though Saeed Ahmed Rid has delineated in his research work as horizontal and vertical integration in inter-state conflict yet, mine is different as, unlike Saeed Ahmed, I believe the role of civil society is more important and effective than just those of common people . According to Saeed, people from both countries, contact with their counterparts, in the other country, at the same level; those at the top with their counterparts; those at middle with those at the middle level. In the like manner, people at the grass-roots level have connections with their counterparts in the other country. Hence, as mentioned earlier, my findings are different. It's the middle level civil society activists and civil society organizations (CSOs) that have the capacity to undertake this hazardous and uphill task in the two rival countries, the reason being their capacity to bear the brunt of top-level 'hawks' on both sides. They connect their counter-parts in the rival country and hold conferences and meetings. One of the salient instances is that of civil society organizations (CSO), media groups viz-a-viz, Jang Media Group, Pakistan and Times of India (TOI), from India. Both the CSOs incepted peace building process between Pakistan and India under the banner of Aman Ki Asha (hope for peace).

Author : Elise Boulding
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2000-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0815628323

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Cultures of Peace by Elise Boulding Pdf

Sociologist Elise Boulding offers a collection of essays that emphasize her study of civil society during the second half of the 20th century. She revisits her theme of connection among family, community and government, offering perspectives and advice on how to fuel the process of peace.

Author : Joel L. Fleishman,J. Scott Kohler,Steven Schindler
Publisher : PublicAffairs
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780786734252

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Casebook for The Foundation: A Great American Secret by Joel L. Fleishman,J. Scott Kohler,Steven Schindler Pdf

Unique in all the world, the American foundation sector has been an engine of social change for more than a century. In this companion volume to The Foundation: A Great American Secret, Joel Fleishman, Scott Kohler, and Steven Schindler explore 100 of the highest-achieving foundation initiatives of all time. Based on a rich array of sources--from interviews with the principals themselves to contemporaneous news accounts to internal evaluation reports--this volume presents brief case studies of foundation success stories across virtually every field of human endeavor. The influence of the foundations on American, and indeed global society, has only occasionally come into the public view. For every well-known foundation achievement--Andrew Carnegie's massive library building program or the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's public efforts to curb tobacco use--there are a great many lesser-known, but often equally important stories to be told. The cases in this volume provide a wealth of evidentiary support for Joel Fleishman's description of, and recommendations for, the foundation sector. With lessons for grant-makers, grant-seekers, public officials, and public-spirited individuals alike, this casebook pieces together 100 stories, some well known, others never before told, and offers hard proof of the foundation sector's immense and enduring impact on scientific research, education, public policy, and many other fields. The work that foundations have supported over the past century has achieved profound results. Yet foundations are capable of more and better. This volume, a window onto great successes of the past and present, is at once a look back, a look around, and a point of reference as we turn to the future.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : International relations
ISBN : UOM:39015032649934

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War and Peace Making by Anonim Pdf