Negotiating Membership In The Wto And Eu

Author : Jamie E. Scalera
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351856737

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Negotiating Membership in the WTO and EU by Jamie E. Scalera Pdf

With the accession of Afghanistan in 2016, the World Trade Organization (WTO) numbered 164 members with nineteen other states in line to join. The WTO is certainly not alone in its growth though; the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the European Union (EU) are all expanding with dozens of states continuing to negotiate their potential membership. What impact does membership in international organizations really have? Why do some states have a seemingly easy path to joining international organizations while others find the process nearly impossible? What implications do these difficult accession processes have on the domestic and international politics of the acceding states? The author presents the two-level theory of accession, which highlights factors at the domestic level and international organization level, to explain how accession processes in the WTO and EU vary from state to state and the impact of these variations. In so doing, this book provides a unique perspective on the topic of membership in international organizations.

Author : Sophie Meunier
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691223698

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Trading Voices by Sophie Meunier Pdf

The European Union, the world's foremost trader, is not an easy bargainer to deal with. Its twenty-five member states have relinquished most of their sovereignty in trade to the supranational level, and in international commercial negotiations, such as those conducted under the World Trade Organization, the EU speaks with a "single voice." This single voice has enabled the Brussels-based institution to impact the distributional outcomes of international trade negotiations and shape the global political economy. Trading Voices is the most comprehensive book about the politics of trade policy in the EU and the role of the EU as a central actor in international commercial negotiations. Sophie Meunier explores how this pooling of trade policy-making and external representation affects the EU's bargaining power in international trade talks. Using institutionalist analysis, she argues that its complex institutional procedures and multiple masters have, more than once, forced its trade partners to give in to an EU speaking with a single voice. Through analysis of four transatlantic commercial negotiations over agriculture, public procurement, and civil aviation, Trading Voices explores the politics of international trade bargaining. It also addresses the salient political question of whether efficiency at negotiating comes at the expense of democratic legitimacy. Finally, this book looks at how the EU, with its recent enlargement and proposed constitution, might become an even more formidable rival to the United States in shaping globalization.

Author : Anwarul Hoda
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107194335

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Tariff Negotiations and Renegotiations under the GATT and the WTO by Anwarul Hoda Pdf

Over the past seven decades, since the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established in 1947, there has been a phenomenal increase in international trade in goods, largely due to sustained efforts by the world's main trading nations to reduce and eliminate tariff barriers in a multilaterally orchestrated manner. This publication reviews how the procedures and practices relating to tariff negotiations and renegotiations have evolved over this time. In particular, this new edition recounts how negotiations to expand the duty-free coverage of the Information Technology Agreement were concluded and provides an account of tariff renegotiations regarding successive enlargements of the European Union. It also covers tariff negotiations for the accession of a number of new members to the WTO, such as China and Russia. This book will be of particular interest to negotiators, members of government, trade ministries, economists and academics specialized in trade policy.

Author : Plarent Ruka
Publisher : Springer
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783319571775

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The International Legal Responsibility of the European Union in the Context of the World Trade Organization in Areas of Non-Conferred Competences by Plarent Ruka Pdf

This work focuses on the EU’s participation in the Dispute Settlement Proceedings (DSP) of the WTO for matters of non-conferred competences. The underlying thesis is that the joint membership of the EU and its Member States is fallacious, in that it could cause the EU to become responsible for violations of the WTO regulations on the part of the Member States. Such fallacies are rooted in the blurred nature of the distribution of powers in the EU polity.In order to tackle the issue of international responsibility, the analysis is based on the facts of a real-world case. Based on the tenets of public international law, the law of mixed agreements and the EU constitutional principles, the book puts forward a model for the EU’s participation in the DSP, and for the reallocation of burdens to the respective responsible entity. This proposition deconstructs the joint responsibility regime and endorses a solution that could address the issue of responsibility in mixed agreements without a declaration of powers.

Author : Thomas Alexander Zimmermann
Publisher : Cameron May
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781905017171

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Negotiating the Review of the WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding by Thomas Alexander Zimmermann Pdf

Since the establishment of the WTO on 1 January 1995, the dispute settlement mechanism has arguably been the most active part of the Organization. In the first ten years up to 31 December 2004, a total of 324 consultation requests have been notified to the WTO. Dispute settlement practice has thus contributed to the evolution of the multilateral trading system even at times when political negotiations made little head way. Since late 1997, Members have engaged, under different mandates, in negotiations on improvements and clarifications to the dispute settlement mechanism. So far, none of these efforts have borne fruit and all the negotiating deadlines have lapsed without success. Currently, negotiations are continuing, however without any specific time limit. This book reviews the DSU reform negotiating process since 1998. It discusses the proposals that Members have submitted under the Doha mandated review in 2002 and 2003, w

Author : Elizabeth Sirois,Nina Pfeiffer
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2002-02
Category : International relations
ISBN : 0756731666

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World Trade Organization by Elizabeth Sirois,Nina Pfeiffer Pdf

In Nov. 2001, the WTO launched a new set of multilateral negotiations. It laid out an ambitious agenda for a broad set of new multilateral trade negotiations, which calls for a continuation of discussions on liberalizing trade in ag. and services, which began in 2000. It also provides for new talks on market access for non-ag. products, trade and the environ., trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, and other issues. This report: (1) analyzes the factors that contributed to the successful launch of new WTO negotiations, (2) analyzes the key interim deadlines for the most sensitive issues from the present time through the next ministerial conference in 2003, and (3) evaluates the most significant challenges facing the WTO in the overall negotiations.

Author : Eugénia da Conceição-Heldt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-02-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230306998

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Negotiating Trade Liberalization at the WTO by Eugénia da Conceição-Heldt Pdf

This book shows how domestic political institutions and the lack of time pressure have an impact on negotiations at the WTO. It provides detailed information on WTO ministerial meetings as well as on the political economy of trade policy in the EU, U.S., Brazil, and Australia.

Author : Sanoussi Bilal,Pavlos Pezaros
Publisher : Springer
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2000-10-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105110298887

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Negotiating the Future of Agricultural Policies:Agricultural Trade and the Millennium WTO Round by Sanoussi Bilal,Pavlos Pezaros Pdf

With the conclusion of the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture in 1994, agriculture has for the first time been integrated into world trade rules and disciplines. WTO Members have made a commitment to continue the reform process initiated during the Uruguay Round by starting new WTO negotiations on agriculture by 2000. This book combines academic analysis with practical expertise to discuss, in an accessible and systematic way, some of the principal aspects of these agricultural negotiations, and aims to make recommendations for viable and successful negotiating positions in the new WTO talks on agricultural trade. Several expert articles outline the historical and political background of previous negotiations and policy developments in agricultural trade. Others provide an overview of the key issues for the new round of negotiations, including: the Common Agricultural Policy reform in view of the Millennium Round objectives and future enlargement of the European Union; the prospects for negotiations in the areas of market access and export subsidies; and aspects of primary importance for the future of international agricultural trade such as food safety and quality standards, environmental and animal welfare considerations, and issues under dispute in the WTO. The positions of leading actors in the new round of negotiations, including major countries (Japan and the United States), groups of countries (the European Union, the Cairns Group and net food-importing countries) and European farmers are also presented.

Author : Jayashree Watal,Antony Taubman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
ISBN : 9287042330

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The Making of the TRIPS Agreement by Jayashree Watal,Antony Taubman Pdf

A comprehensive account of the establishment of the World Trade Organization, focusing on those who shaped its creation as well as those who have influenced its evolution. The book examines trade negotiations, the WTO's dispute settlement role, the presence of coalitions and groupings within the WTO, the process of joining the organization and many other topics, including what lies ahead for the organization.

Author : United States. General Accounting Office,United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Commercial law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105127319346

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World Trade Organization by United States. General Accounting Office,United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means Pdf

Author : Mary Farrell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822028750966

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EU and WTO Regulatory Frameworks by Mary Farrell Pdf

Charts the development of the World Trade Organisation, and examines its role as regulator of the international trading system. The management of the trade policies of the 132 member countries so as to ensure compliance with the principles of trade liberalisation lies at the heart of the WTO's mandate. However, under the extended powers granted to the WTO as a result of the Uruguay Round settlement, in both trade liberalisation and dispute settlement, there lies ample ground for conflicts with the European Union's commercial policy. Mary Farrell considers whether the WTO is likely to impose constraints on EU commercial policy and thereby impinge on the sovereignty of the union as a whole, or whether the EU may continue to operate independently and in coexistence with the trade liberalisation agenda of the WTO.

Author : Joanna Mastalerek
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005-02-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783638349901

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The European Union as an Actor in the General Agreement on Trade in Services - Contents, Chances and Risks of Negotiations by Joanna Mastalerek Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: A, Jagiellonian University in Krakow (Europaeistik), course: The Common Market and International Commerce, language: English, abstract: In 1994, the majority of countries which founded the WTO in 1995, concluded a first general agreement on the liberalization of services (GATS). Within the framework of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) liberalization in international trade of services is supposed to be negotiated progressively 1 . Among 12 service subsectors, education is explicitly featured in GATS. However, before the inclusion of education in the Service Round negotiations as part of the Doha Round in the year 2000, educational services did not draw much attention. One reason being the strong underestimation of their market shares. The EU, as one of the Contracting Parties of the GATS, has already agreed at the Uruguay Round in 1994, to guarantee free access and non-discrimination for foreign competitors in almost the entire education sector, that consists of primary, secondary, tertiary education as well as adult education. Until 2005 the ongoing Doha Round scheduled further liberalization of educational services and thus the EU is likely to be under the pressure to even further liberalize its education sector. Since large parts of the education sector in the EU belong to public service, liberalization of educational services is a subject of heated debate. Neoliberal economists and politicians view the privatization of public services as the best way to increase both efficiency and the benefit for all members of the society. Anti-globalization activists fear the loss of public control over essential public services and regard the society as exposed to the ruthless greed of gain by multinational companies. Moreover the anti-globalization activists complain about the redefinition of educational services as a profitable product. The international trade of educational services thus remains a highly controversial issue, causing the necessity for careful deliberation of the particular contents, chances and risks of the liberalization of educational services. This essay will take up this kind of deliberation, explaining the relevance of educational services in international trade and the significance of education as a public service.

Author : Isabelle Bosse-Platière,Cécile Rapoport
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-12-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781788974806

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The Conclusion and Implementation of EU Free Trade Agreements by Isabelle Bosse-Platière,Cécile Rapoport Pdf

This timely book gives an overview of the main legal issues the EU faces in negotiating, concluding and implementing so-called ‘New Generation’ free trade agreements. Featuring contributions by international specialists on EU external action, this book demonstrates why these FTAs have become challenging for the EU, as well as analysing how the EU has dealt with its institutional constraints, and addresses contemporary debates and future challenges for EU institutions and Member States.

Author : Bibek Debroy,Debashis Chakraborty
Publisher : Academic Foundation
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 8171885381

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The Trade Game by Bibek Debroy,Debashis Chakraborty Pdf

Looking at the negotiating strategies of India and several other WTO members over the years, this volume explores the negotiating scenario and the concerns for India and other developing countries. The introduction notes that judging by the experience of Cancun (2003) and the recent Hong Kong Ministerial (2005), developing countries are fast emerging as quick learners of the rules of the game, but need to sharpen those skills further: "It is quite prudent to understand that hidden from public glare, both the battle and the war will now continue in Geneva, which is less of a free trade bastion than Hong Kong. It is by now a time-honoured fact that the intensity of liberalisation undertaken at home makes handling the WTO-induced reforms easier, and the priorities for Indian policy makers are therefore, obvious. Notwithstanding the WTO objective, even eleven years after the inception of the multilateral body, the trade barriers, both in developed and developing countries are quite significant and unilateral liberalisation is not easily forthcoming. Although this lack of market access hurt the developing countries much more severely than their developed counterparts, the former group never systematically bargained at the negotiating table with the latter before the Doha Ministerial (2001). Looking at the negotiating strategies of India and several other WTO members over the years, the nine papers in this volume explore the current negotiating scenario and the concerns for India and other developing countries. While some papers attempt to chalk out the future of global free trade and the determinants of protectionism of major players, the other ones look into the future of India's sectoral negotiating strategy.

Author : Sanoussi Bilal
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317177708

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Asymmetric Trade Negotiations by Sanoussi Bilal Pdf

The slow pace of the Doha Round has boosted the proliferation of regional and bilateral trade agreements. Paradoxically, the more powerful actors, the US and the European Union, who at the same time have benefited the most from the multilateral system, have also been engaged in bilateral and regional negotiations in order to sign WTO-plus agreements with developing countries. Combining a clear theoretical exposition with systematic cross-regional analysis, 'Asymmetric Trade Negotiations' offers a coherent picture of strategic, design and political economy aspects of North-South trade negotiation processes, from African, Asian and Latin American perspectives. Skilled area specialists gather to provide negotiators and policy makers in the South with recommendations, best practices, and benchmarks and contribute to the understanding of these recent processes.