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Author : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Block grants
ISBN : STANFORD:36105045228835
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : Jeanne Brooks-Gunn,Greg Duncan,J. Lawrence Aber
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1997-11-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781610440844
Perhaps the most alarming phenomenon in American cities has been the transformation of many neighborhoods into isolated ghettos where poverty is the norm and violent crime, drug use, out-of-wedlock births, and soaring school dropout rates are rampant. Public concern over these destitute areas has focused on their most vulnerable inhabitants—children and adolescents. How profoundly does neighborhood poverty endanger their well-being and development? Is the influence of neighborhood more powerful than that of the family? Neighborhood Poverty: Context and Consequences for Children approaches these questions with an insightful and wide-ranging investigation into the effect of community poverty on children's physical health, cognitive and verbal abilities, educational attainment, and social adjustment. This two-volume set offers the most current research and analysis from experts in the fields of child development, social psychology, sociology and economics. Drawing from national and city-based sources, Volume I reports the empirical evidence concerning the relationship between children and community. As the essays demonstrate, poverty entails a host of problems that affects the quality of educational, recreational, and child care services. Poor neighborhoods usually share other negative features—particularly racial segregation and a preponderance of single mother families—that may adversely affect children. Yet children are not equally susceptible to the pitfalls of deprived communities. Neighborhood has different effects depending on a child's age, race, and gender, while parenting techniques and a family's degree of community involvement also serve as mitigating factors. Volume II incorporates empirical data on neighborhood poverty into discussions of policy and program development. The contributors point to promising community initiatives and suggest methods to strengthen neighborhood-based service programs for children. Several essays analyze the conceptual and methodological issues surrounding the measurement of neighborhood characteristics. These essays focus on the need to expand scientific insight into urban poverty by drawing on broader pools of ethnographic, epidemiological, and quantitative data. Volume II explores the possibilities for a richer and more well-rounded understanding of neighborhood and poverty issues. To grasp the human cost of poverty, we must clearly understand how living in distressed neighborhoods impairs children's ability to function at every level. Neighborhood Poverty explores the multiple and complex paths between community, family, and childhood development. These two volumes provide and indispensible guide for social policy and demonstrate the power of interdisciplinary social science to probe complex social issues.
Author : James Mitchell,Real Estate Research Corporation. Public Affairs Counseling
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Cities and towns
ISBN : PURD:32754081249728
This document has evolved over three years to meet the need for a more comprehensive understanding of how neighborhoods change. The Office of Policy Development and Research at HUD formulated policy alternatives to stem the rising tide of abandoned residential buildings. It showed abandonment as the last stage of a process, not a random or isolated phenomenon. The failure of programs to counteract and halt the decline of neighborhoods has stemmed mainly from an imperfect understanding of this process. There have also been political problems with acting in neighborhoods before the symptoms were painfully evident and from the tendency of program developers to deal with the house, rather than the people who own it, rent it, loan on it, or insure it. Few programs have recognized that those people were part of a total neighborhood rather than occupants of individual buildings. The process of neighborhood change is triggered and fueled by individual, collective and institutional decisions. These are made by a myriad of people-households, bankers, real estate brokers, investors, speculators, public service providers (police, fire, schools, sanitation, etc.) and others. It is a reasonable conclusion that if a concentrated effort is made to affect these decisions then neighborhood decline can be slowed, halted, or in some circumstances, reversed.
Author : Robert W. Marans
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Annual housing survey
ISBN : UCSD:31822024415622
Recent empirical research has demonstrated that neighborhood quality is associated with residents' evaluation of specific attributes of their housing environment. This paper uses the 1976 Annual Housing Survey to assess the contributions to overall neighborhood quality of people's evaluations of environmental conditions and public services. It considers 1) the extent to which the presence or absence of conditions influences ratings of neighborhoods, 2) the relative importance of conditions and service evaluations in explaining overall neighborhood ratings, and 3) the extent to which the evaluations in households with different background characteristics differ in importance in explaining overall neighborhood ratings.
Author : United States. Bureau of the Census
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Housing
ISBN : IND:30000105021053
Author : Lening Zhang
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781527578913
Adopting a cross-cultural perspective, this book utilizes data collected from several large-scale surveys to assess the neighborhood social control system in a changing urban China. It conceptualizes this system through different types of neighborhood social control at private, parochial, semi-public, public, and market levels. The book highlights the importance of cross-cultural studies of neighborhood effects, and discusses several major issues in such studies along with prospects for future research.
Author : Pratt Institute. Center for Community and Environmental Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Community development, Urban
ISBN : UCR:31210024951947
Author : Alan Mallach,Todd Swanstrom
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501770906
The Changing American Neighborhood argues that the physical and social spaces created by neighborhoods matter more than ever for the health and well-being of twenty-first-century Americans and their communities. Taking a long historical view, this book explores the many dimensions of today's neighborhoods, the forms they take, the forces and factors influencing them, and the people and organizations trying to change them. Challenging conventional interpretations of neighborhoods and neighborhood change, Alan Mallach and Todd Swanstrom adopt a broad, inter-disciplinary perspective that shows how neighborhoods are messy, complex systems, in which change is driven by constant feedback loops that link social, economic and physical conditions, each within distinct spatial and political contexts. The Changing American Neighborhood seeks to understand neighborhoods and neighborhood change not only for their own importance, but for the insights they offer to help guide peoples' efforts sustaining good neighborhoods and rebuilding struggling ones.
Author : Parisa Parsafar,Brett Miller
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2024-01-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832543580
Author : Ronald van Kempen,Gideon Bolt,Maarten van Ham
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351720618
The global financial and economic crisis that hit the world since 2008 has affected the lives of many people all over the world and resulted in declining incomes, rising unemployment, foreclosures, forced residential moves, and cut-backs in government expenditure. The extent to which the crisis has affected urban neighborhoods and has led to rising intra-urban inequalities, has not yet received much attention. The implemented budget cuts and austerity programs of national and local governments are likely to have hit some neighborhoods more than others. The authors of this this book, which come from a variety of countries and disciplines, show that the economic crisis has affected poor neighborhoods more severely than more affluent ones. The tendency of the state to retreat from these neighborhoods has negative consequences for their residents and may even nullify the investments that have been made in many poor neighborhoods in the recent past. This book was originally published as a special issue of Urban Geography.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Housing
ISBN : UCSD:31822008286544
Author : Mary L. Ohmer,Claudia Coulton,Darcy A. Freedman,Joanne L. Sobeck,Jaime Booth
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-07-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781483358376
Measures for Community and Neighborhood Research is the first book of its kind to compile measures focused on communities and neighborhoods in one accessible resource. Organized into two main sections, the first provides the rationale, structure and purpose, and analysis of methodological issues, along with a conceptual and theoretical framework; the second section contains 10 chapters that synthesize, analyze, and describe measures for community and neighborhood research, with tables that summarize highlighted measures. The book will get readers thinking about which aspects of the neighborhood may be most important to measure in different research designs and also help researchers, practitioners, funders, and others more closely examine the impact of their work in communities and neighborhoods.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 910 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Housing
ISBN : UIUC:30112051992003
Pt. A. General housing characteristics.--pt. B. Indicators of housing and neighborhood quality.--pt. C. Financial characteristics of the housing inventory.--pt. D. Housing characteristics of recent movers.
Author : United States. Bureau of the Census
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Housing
ISBN : PSU:000026295473
Partial contents: Louisville, KY-IN.
