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Neurohistology and Imaging Techniques by Radek Pelc,Wolfgang Walz,Ronald Doucette Pdf
This volume explores major light microscopic imaging modalities that can be used to view nervous tissue, and discusses the steps needed to use each of them, and ways to interpret the data. The chapters in this book cover topics such as atlasing of insect brain; neuroanatomical tracing through fluorochrome expression; fluorescent probes for amyloids; or optical clearing for ultramicroscopy of GFP-expressing tissues. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Neurohistology and Imaging Techniques is a valuable resource for both expert and novice users of major light microscopic imaging techniques, and those interested in exploring alternate imaging tools.
Imaging Brain Diseases by Serge Weis,Michael Sonnberger,Andreas Dunzinger,Martin Aichholzer,Raimund Kleiser,Peter Strasser Pdf
Imaging Brain Diseases illustrates in a unique way the most common diseases affecting the human nervous system using different imaging modalities derived from radiology, nuclear medicine, and neuropathology. The features of the diseases are visualized on computerized tomography (CT)-scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-scans, nuclear medicine scans, surgical intraoperative as well as gross-anatomy and histology preparations. For each disease entity, the structural changes are illustrated in a correlative comparative way based on the various imaging techniques. The brain diseases are presented in a systematic way allowing the reader to easily find the topics in which she or he is particularly interested. In Part 1 of the book, the imaging techniques are described in a practical, straightforward way. The morphological built-up of the normal human brain and its vascular supply are presented in Part 2. The chapters of the subsequent Parts 3 to 10 deal with the following diseases involving the nervous system including: hemodynamic, vascular, infectious, neurodegenerative, demyelination, epilepsy, trauma and intoxication, and tumors. The authors incite the clinician to see the cell, the tissue, the organ, the disorder by enabling him to recognize brain lesions or interpreting histologic findings and to correlate this knowledge with molecular biologic concepts. Thus, this book bridges the gap between neuro-clinicians, neuro-imagers and neuro-pathologists. The information provided will facilitate the understanding of the disease processes in the daily routine work of neurologists, neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, neuropathologists, and all allied clinical disciplines.
Morphological Mouse Phenotyping by Jesus Ruberte,Ana Carretero,Marc Navarro Pdf
Morphological Mouse Phenotyping: Anatomy, Histology and Imaging is an atlas of explanatory diagrams and text that guides the reader through normal mouse anatomy, histology, and imaging. The book is targeted for mouse researchers and veterinarian and human pathologists, and presents a complete, integrative description of normal mouse morphology. Disease animal models are fundamental in research to improve human health. The success of using genetically engineered mice to evaluate molecular disease hypotheses has encouraged the development of massive global projects, making the mouse the most used animal disease model. Laboratory mouse populations are straining the housing capacity of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as public research institutions. However, the scientific community lacks sufficient expertise in morphological phenotyping to effectively characterize and validate these animal models. The mouse displays fundamental morphological similarities to humans; however, a mouse is not a man. Features more than 2,200 original images showing the anatomy, histology, and cellular structure of mouse organs Includes images specifically produced for this book in the Mouse Imaging Platform (Center for Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Offers an integrative vision of mouse morphology using correlative X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound images Employs classical anatomical techniques such as conventional dissection, skeletal preparations, vascular injections, and histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopy techniques to characterize mouse morphology
In this, the post-genomic age, our knowledge of biological systems continues to expand and progress. As the research becomes more focused, so too does the data. Genomic research progresses to proteomics and brings us to a deeper understanding of the behavior and function of protein clusters. And now proteomics gives way to neuroproteomics as we beg
Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Archaeology by Anonim Pdf
Cognitive Archaeology is a relatively young though fast growing discipline. The intellectual heart of cognitive archaeology is archaeology, the discipline that investigates the only direct evidence of the actions and decisions of prehistoric people. Its theories and methods are an eclectic mix of psychological, neuroscientific, paleoneurological, philosophical, anthropological, ethnographic, comparative, aesthetic, and experimental theories, methods, and models, united only by their focus on cognition. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Archaeology is a landmark publication, showcasing the theories, methods, and accomplishments of archaeologists who investigate the human mind, including its evolutionary development, its ideation (thoughts and beliefs), and its very nature-through material forms. The volume encompasses the wide spectrum of the discipline, showcasing contributions from more than 50 established and emerging scholars from Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. Prominent among these are contributions that discuss the epistemological frameworks of both the evolutionary and ideational approaches and the leading theories that ground interpretations. Significantly, the majority of chapters deliver substantive contributions that analyze specific examples of material culture, from the oldest known stone tools to ceramic and rock art traditions of the recent millennium. These examples include the gamut of methods and techniques, including typology, replication studies, cha?nes operatoires, neuroarchaeology, ethnographic comparison, and the direct historical approach. In addition, the book begins with retrospective essays by several of the pioneers of cognitive archaeology, presenting a broad range of state-of-the-art investigations into cognitive abilities, tackling thorny issues like the cognitive status of Neandertals, and concluding with speculative essays about the future of an archaeology of mind, and of the mind itself.
Atlas of Gynecologic Oncology Imaging by Oguz Akin Pdf
This book provides a comprehensive visual review of pathologic disease variations of the five main types of gynecologic cancers: ovarian, endometrial, cervical, vaginal, and vulvar. Through the use of cross-sectional imaging modalities, including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and positron emission tomography, it depicts normal anatomy as well as common gynecological tumors. For each type of cancer, aspects such as primary staging, recurrence patterns, and findings from different yet complementary imaging modalities are explored. Atlas of Gynecologic Oncology Imaging presents a coherent perspective of the roles of standard and cutting-edge imaging techniques in gynecologic oncology via a multidisciplinary approach to cancer care. Featuring over 600 images, this book is a valuable resource for diagnostic radiologists, radiation oncologists, and gynecologists.
Plant Embryogenesis by Minako Ueda,Daisuke Kurihara Pdf
Despite intense investigation of plant embryogenesis, there are still various open questions in this fascinating field. For example, our knowledge is still poor in relation to the spatiotemporal dynamics and the regulatory mechanisms of various embryonic events at all levels of whole plants, organs, tissues, cells, and molecules. We also need to understand the generality and diversity of embryonic features in a diverse range of species and also the bioengineering technologies to improve reproductive traits. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we show various articles, including original research papers and reviews, to expand our knowledge on plant embryogenesis, including works spanning from the various novel protocols of model plants to the regulations of somatic embryogenesis in agricultural plants.
Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging (DW-MRI) and Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy (DW-MRS) by Maryam Afzali, Lars Mueller,André Döring,Clemence Ligneul,Chloe Najac ,Itamar Ronen Pdf
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a unique technique that provides tissue-specific contrast non-invasively. However, even at ultra-high field, resolution remains on the millimeter scale, far above cellular microstructure. Taking the fact that diffusion of nuclear spins in magnetic field gradients results in a characteristic signal loss, MRI can be sensitized to water-diffusion (DW-MRI) to recover microstructural information indirectly. Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy (DW-MRS) goes one step further by not measuring the diffusion of tissue water but of cell-type specific metabolites. Given that, both techniques can provide complementary information: DW-MRI on water diffusion with high spatial resolution but without cellular specificity, and DW-MRS on cell-type specific metabolite diffusion but with a limited spatial resolution (single-volume) and at a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To meet the needs of sophisticated tissue and cell modeling strategies to derive quantitative microstructural measures both techniques have to be sensitized to specific length scales and structural features. This can only be achieved by constant development in sequence design, diffusion-encoding, tissue modeling, data processing, and technical equipment. This research topic aims to attract contributions from all these fields targeting DW-MRI and DW-MRS improvement to accomplish two fundamental goals: (1) providing unique intra-voxel distributions of a set of diffusion parameters instead of an averaged value; allowing the identification of multiple compartments and tissue microstructure, (2) enabling higher accuracy and precision in derived quantitative values. Acquisitional, computational, and pulse design technological breakthroughs have positioned DW-MRI and DW-MRS as powerful emerging modalities for studying biological media, from muscle to the central nervous system, exhibiting extraordinary sensitivity and specificity in differentiating normal from pathologic cell-level processes and microstructural alterations. We welcome studies and manuscripts covering all aspects of DW-MRI, DW-MRS, tissue/cell modeling, study protocol design, or technical innovation: from theoretical studies focusing on the mathematical and physiological background of tissue microstructural modeling, to technical developments, to phantom studies, to novel acquisition and sampling strategies, to improved diffusion encoding techniques, to clinical studies. We are encouraging the submission of the following types of manuscripts: original research and brief research reports, methods, protocols and study protocols, review and mini review, perspective, hypothesis and theory, technology and code, clinical trial, case report, classification, and data report. Topics for submitted papers can be in one of the following general categories: - Development of processing methods, instrumentation, or experimental design of DW-MRI and DW-MRS. - Introduction of new theoretical or simulation models to DW-MRI or DW-MRS. - In vivo (human and animal), in vitro, in silico, phantom, and ex vivo studies are welcome.
Atlas of Human Brain Connections by Marco Catani,Michel Thiebaut de Schotten Pdf
One of the major challenges of modern neuroscience is to define the complex pattern of neural connections that underlie cognition and behaviour. This atlas capitalises on novel diffusion MRI tractography methods to provide a comprehensive overview of connections derived from virtual in vivo tractography dissections of the human brain.
Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences by Eduardo E. Benarroch,Jeremy K. Cutsforth-Gregory,Kelly D. Flemming Pdf
Fully updated and revised according to student feedback, the sixth edition of Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences: Organized by Neurologic System and Level provides a systematic approach to anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system inspired by the neurologist's approach to solving clinical problems. This volume has 4 sections: 1) an overview of the neurosciences necessary for understanding anatomical localization and pathophysiologic characterization of neurologic disorders; 2) an approach to localizing lesions in the 7 longitudinal systems of the nervous system; 3) an approach to localizing lesions in the 4 horizontal levels of the nervous system; and 4) a collection of clinical problems. This book provides the neuroscience framework to support the neurologist in a clinical setting and is also a great resource for neurology and psychiatry board certifications. This is the perfect guide for all medical students and neurology, psychiatry, and physical medicine residents at early stages of training. New to This Edition - A chapter devoted to multiple-choice questions for self-assessment - Discussion of emerging concepts in molecular, cellular, and system neurosciences - New chapters on emotion and consciousness systems - Incorporation of new discoveries in neuroimaging and an appendix for tables of medications commonly used to treat neurologic disorders
Integration of Omics Approaches and Systems Biology for Clinical Applications by Antonia Vlahou,Fulvio Magni,Harald Mischak,Jerome Zoidakis Pdf
Introduces readers to the state of the art of omics platforms and all aspects of omics approaches for clinical applications This book presents different high throughput omics platforms used to analyze tissue, plasma, and urine. The reader is introduced to state of the art analytical approaches (sample preparation and instrumentation) related to proteomics, peptidomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. In addition, the book highlights innovative approaches using bioinformatics, urine miRNAs, and MALDI tissue imaging in the context of clinical applications. Particular emphasis is put on integration of data generated from these different platforms in order to uncover the molecular landscape of diseases. The relevance of each approach to the clinical setting is explained and future applications for patient monitoring or treatment are discussed. Integration of omics Approaches and Systems Biology for Clinical Applications presents an overview of state of the art omics techniques. These methods are employed in order to obtain the comprehensive molecular profile of biological specimens. In addition, computational tools are used for organizing and integrating these multi-source data towards developing molecular models that reflect the pathophysiology of diseases. Investigation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and bladder cancer are used as test cases. These represent multi-factorial, highly heterogeneous diseases, and are among the most significant health issues in developed countries with a rapidly aging population. The book presents novel insights on CKD and bladder cancer obtained by omics data integration as an example of the application of systems biology in the clinical setting. Describes a range of state of the art omics analytical platforms Covers all aspects of the systems biology approach—from sample preparation to data integration and bioinformatics analysis Contains specific examples of omics methods applied in the investigation of human diseases (Chronic Kidney Disease, Bladder Cancer) Integration of omics Approaches and Systems Biology for Clinical Applications will appeal to a wide spectrum of scientists including biologists, biotechnologists, biochemists, biophysicists, and bioinformaticians working on the different molecular platforms. It is also an excellent text for students interested in these fields.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (SCCOC) is one of the most prevalent tumors of the head and neck region. Despite improvements in treatment, the survival of patients with SCCOC has not significantly improved over the past several decades. Most frequently, treatment failure takes the form of local and regional recurrences, but as disease control in these areas improves, SCCOC treatment failures more commonly occur as distant metastasis. The presence of cervical lymph node metastasis is the most reliable adverse prognostic factor in patients with SCCOC, and extracapsular spread (ECS) of cervical lymph nodes metastasis is a particularly reliable predictor of regional and distant recurrence and death from disease. Decisions regarding elective and therapeutic management of cervical lymph node metastases are made mainly on clinical grounds as we cannot always predict cervical lymph node metastasis from the size and extent of invasion of the primary tumors. Therefore the treatment of the neck disease in the management of SCCOC remains controversial. The promise of using biomarker-based treatment decisions has yet to be fully realized due to our poor understanding of the mechanisms of regional and distant metastases of SCCOC. We will summarize the current status of investigations into SCCOC metastases and potential of these studies to impact basic research investigators and clinicians confronting SCCOC in the future.
Proteomics for Biological Discovery by Timothy D. Veenstra,John R. Yates, III Pdf
Written by recognized experts in the study of proteins, Proteomics for Biological Discovery begins by discussing the emergence of proteomics from genome sequencing projects and a summary of potential answers to be gained from proteome-level research. The tools of proteomics, from conventional to novel techniques, are then dealt with in terms of underlying concepts, limitations and future directions. An invaluable source of information, this title also provides a thorough overview of the current developments in post-translational modification studies, structural proteomics, biochemical proteomics, microfabrication, applied proteomics, and bioinformatics relevant to proteomics. Presents a comprehensive and coherent review of the major issues faced in terms of technology development, bioinformatics, strategic approaches, and applications Chapters offer a rigorous overview with summary of limitations, emerging approaches, questions, and realistic future industry and basic science applications Discusses higher level integrative aspects, including technical challenges and applications for drug discovery Accessible to the novice while providing experienced investigators essential information Proteomics for Biological Discovery is an essential resource for students, postdoctoral fellows, and researchers across all fields of biomedical research, including biochemistry, protein chemistry, molecular genetics, cell/developmental biology, and bioinformatics.
