Newton S Third Rule And The Experimental Argument For Universal Gravity

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Newton's Third Rule and the Experimental Argument for Universal Gravity

Mary Domski
Newton s Third Rule and the Experimental Argument for Universal Gravity Book PDF

Author : Mary Domski
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000449433

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Newton's Third Rule and the Experimental Argument for Universal Gravity by Mary Domski Pdf

This book provides a reading of Newton’s argument for universal gravity that is focused on the evidence-based, "experimental" reasoning that Newton associates with his program of experimental philosophy. It highlights the richness and complexity of the Principia and also draws important lessons about how to situate Newton in his natural philosophical context. The book has two primary objectives. First, it defends a novel interpretation of the third of Newton’s four Rules for the Study of Natural Philosophy – what the author terms the Two-Set Reading of Rule 3. Second, it argues that this novel interpretation of Rule 3 sheds additional light on the differences between Newton’s experimental philosophy and Descartes’s "hypothetical philosophy," and that it also illuminates how the practice of experimental philosophy allowed Newton to make a universal force of gravity the centerpiece of his explanation of the system of the world. Newton’s Third Rule and the Experimental Argument for Universal Gravity will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on Newton’s natural philosophy, early modern philosophy, and the history of science.

Isaac Newton's Scientific Method

William L. Harper
Isaac Newton s Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : William L. Harper
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199570409

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Isaac Newton's Scientific Method by William L. Harper Pdf

Includes bibliographical references (p. [397]-410) and index.

The Age of Epistemology

Marco Sgarbi
The Age of Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Marco Sgarbi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-02-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350326552

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The Age of Epistemology by Marco Sgarbi Pdf

Marco Sgarbi tells a new history of epistemology from the Renaissance to Newton through the impact of Aristotelian scientific doctrines on key figures including Galileo Galilei, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, John Locke, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Isaac Newton. This history illuminates the debates philosophers had on deduction, meditation, regressus, syllogism, experiment and observation, the certainty of mathematics and the foundations of scientific knowledge. Sgarbi focuses on the Aristotelian education key philosophers received, providing a concrete historical framework through which to read epistemological re-definitions, developments and transformations over three centuries. The Age of Epistemology further highlights how Aristotelianism itself changed over time by absorbing doctrines from other philosophical traditions and generating a variety of interpretations in the process.

Leibniz and the English-Speaking World

Pauline Phemister,Stuart Brown
Leibniz and the English Speaking World Book PDF

Author : Pauline Phemister,Stuart Brown
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402052439

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Leibniz and the English-Speaking World by Pauline Phemister,Stuart Brown Pdf

This volume explores the attention awarded in the English-speaking world to German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Complete with an introductory overview, the book collects fourteen essays that consider Leibniz’s connections with his English-speaking contemporaries and near contemporaries as well as the later reception of his thought in Anglo-American philosophy. It sheds new light on Leibniz's philosophy and that of his contemporaries.

Powers and Abilities in Early Modern Philosophy

Sebastian Bender,Dominik Perler
Powers and Abilities in Early Modern Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Sebastian Bender,Dominik Perler
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781040089774

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Powers and Abilities in Early Modern Philosophy by Sebastian Bender,Dominik Perler Pdf

This book explores different accounts of powers and abilities in early modern philosophy. It analyzes powers and abilities as a package, hopefully enabling us to better understand them both and to see similarities as well as dissimilarities. While some prominent early modern accounts of power have been studied in detail, this volume also covers lesser‐known thinkers and several early modern women philosophers. The volume also investigates early modern accounts of powers and abilities in a more systematic fashion than has been previously done. By broadening its scope in these ways, the volume uncovers trends and tendencies in early modern thinking about powers and abilities that are easy to miss. Chapters in this book explore how 22 early modern thinkers approached the following questions: What kind of entities are powers and abilities? Are they reducible to something categorical or not? What is the relation between powers and abilities? Is there a fundamental metaphysical difference between them or not? How do we know what powers objects have and what abilities agents have? Are human abilities in any way special? How do they relate to the abilities non‐human animals have? And how do they relate to the powers of inanimate objects? Powers and Abilities in Early Modern Philosophy will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in the history of early modern philosophy, in metaphysics, and in the history of science.

Interpreting Newton

Andrew Janiak,Eric Schliesser
Interpreting Newton Book PDF

Author : Andrew Janiak,Eric Schliesser
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780521766180

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Interpreting Newton by Andrew Janiak,Eric Schliesser Pdf

Essays by leading scholars on Isaac Newton and his philosophical interlocutors and critics, discussing a wide range of topics.

The Leibniz-Caroline-Clarke Correspondence

Anonim
The Leibniz Caroline Clarke Correspondence Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 997 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192889430

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The Leibniz-Caroline-Clarke Correspondence by Anonim Pdf

This volume focuses on the famous philosophical correspondence between the German polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, writing in the final months of his life, and the English philosopher and cleric Samuel Clarke, as well as the correspondence between Leibniz and Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach, future Princess of Wales and Queen Consort of England, who played a significant role in the correspondence as both mediator of, and commentator on, the exchanges been Leibniz and Clarke. It provides a complete reproduction of Samuel Clarke's 1717 edition of his correspondence with Leibniz, as well as original language texts (in French and Latin) and English translations of the extant correspondence between Leibniz and Caroline from 1714 to 1716, as well as many of the letters exchanged between Leibniz and various correspondents during the period of the correspondence with Clarke. Many of the original language documents are here published and translated into English for the first time. Gregory Brown's introduction places the letters in historical and personal context. The first part discusses the correspondence and developing relationship between Caroline and Leibniz. This encompasses a period immediately leading up to the ascension of Caroline's father-in-law, Georg Ludwig, Elector of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (Hanover), to the throne of England as George I following the death of Queen Anne, as well as Caroline's ascension to the position of Princess of Wales and subsequent relocation to England, Leibniz's correspondence with Clarke, mediated by Caroline, and Leibniz's death in 1716. The second part of the introduction discusses the main themes of the correspondence between Leibniz and Clarke and highlights the importance and influence of Caroline in her role as mediator of the correspondence.

Newton’s Physics and the Conceptual Structure of the Scientific Revolution

Z. Bechler
Newton s Physics and the Conceptual Structure of the Scientific Revolution Book PDF

Author : Z. Bechler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401132763

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Newton’s Physics and the Conceptual Structure of the Scientific Revolution by Z. Bechler Pdf

Three events, which happened all within the same week some ten years ago, set me on the track which the book describes. The first was a reading of Emile Meyerson works in the course of a prolonged research on Einstein's relativity theory, which sent me back to Meyerson's Ident ity and Reality, where I read and reread the striking chapter on "Ir rationality". In my earlier researches into the origins of French Conven tionalism I came to know similar views, all apparently deriving from Emile Boutroux's doctoral thesis of 1874 De fa contingence des lois de la nature and his notes of the 1892-3 course he taught at the Sorbonne De ['idee de fa loi naturelle dans la science et la philosophie contempo raines. But never before was the full effect of the argument so suddenly clear as when I read Meyerson. On the same week I read, by sheer accident, Ernest Moody's two parts paper in the JHIof 1951, "Galileo and Avempace". Put near Meyerson's thesis, what Moody argued was a striking confirmation: it was the sheer irrationality of the Platonic tradition, leading from A vem pace to Galileo, which was the working conceptual force behind the notion of a non-appearing nature, active all the time but always sub merged, as it is embodied in the concept of void and motion in it

Newton: Philosophical Writings

Isaac Newton
Newton Philosophical Writings Book PDF

Author : Isaac Newton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107042384

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Newton: Philosophical Writings by Isaac Newton Pdf

This revised edition contains a wide range of Newton's writings that have influenced the development of philosophy in modern Europe.

Tradition and Innovation

J.E. McGuire
Tradition and Innovation Book PDF

Author : J.E. McGuire
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9789400915817

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Tradition and Innovation by J.E. McGuire Pdf

In my early years I was constituted in the exacting imperatives of philosophical analysis. That stern face is present in the composition of the Newton essays chosen here for republication. It is my hope that potential readers will be patient with the old Adam of analysis, and seize the portrait of Newton's intellec tual world presented in these essays. It is gratifying for me to acknowledge the encouragement of Robert Butts and John Nicholas of the University of Western Ontario, intellectual comrades in arms. It was at Western that I began my intellectual journey, and many of the present members of the Philosophy Department remain my friends and mentors. I thank also Marta Spranzi Zuber who long ago believed in the merit of my Newton scholarship. But most important to me is the sustaining encouragement of Professor Barbara Tuchanska, who shares my vision of the historicity of scientific thought. It is a pleasure to express my gratitude for membership, over twenty years, in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. It is the mecca for one who seeks to understand. J. E.

Isaac Newton's Scientific Method

William L. Harper
Isaac Newton s Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : William L. Harper
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191617904

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Isaac Newton's Scientific Method by William L. Harper Pdf

Isaac Newton's Scientific Method examines Newton's argument for universal gravity and his application of it to resolve the problem of deciding between geocentric and heliocentric world systems by measuring masses of the sun and planets. William L. Harper suggests that Newton's inferences from phenomena realize an ideal of empirical success that is richer than prediction. Any theory that can achieve this rich sort of empirical success must not only be able to predict the phenomena it purports to explain, but also have those phenomena accurately measure the parameters which explain them. Harper explores the ways in which Newton's method aims to turn theoretical questions into ones which can be answered empirically by measurement from phenomena, and to establish that propositions inferred from phenomena are provisionally accepted as guides to further research. This methodology, guided by its rich ideal of empirical success, supports a conception of scientific progress that does not require construing it as progress toward Laplace's ideal limit of a final theory of everything, and is not threatened by the classic argument against convergent realism. Newton's method endorses the radical theoretical transformation from his theory to Einstein's. Harper argues that it is strikingly realized in the development and application of testing frameworks for relativistic theories of gravity, and very much at work in cosmology today.

The Newtonian Revolution

I. Bernard Cohen
The Newtonian Revolution Book PDF

Author : I. Bernard Cohen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0521273803

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The Newtonian Revolution by I. Bernard Cohen Pdf

This volume presents Professor Cohen's original interpretation of the revolution that marked the beginnings of modern science and set Newtonian science as the model for the highest level of achievement in other branches of science. It shows that Newton developed a special kind of relation between abstract mathematical constructs and the physical systems that we observe in the world around us by means of experiment and critical observation. The heart of the radical Newtonian style is the construction on the mind of a mathematical system that has some features in common with the physical world; this system was then modified when the deductions and conclusions drawn from it are tested against the physical universe. Using this system Newton was able to make his revolutionary innovations in celestial mechanics and, ultimately, create a new physics of central forces and the law of universal gravitation. Building on his analysis of Newton's methodology, Professor Cohen explores the fine structure of revolutionary change and scientific creativity in general. This is done by developing the concept of scientific change as a series of transformations of existing ideas. It is shown that such transformation is characteristic of many aspects of the sciences and that the concept of scientific change by transformation suggests a new way of examining the very nature of scientific creativity.

The Oxford Handbook of British Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century

James A. Harris
The Oxford Handbook of British Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century Book PDF

Author : James A. Harris
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191502699

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The Oxford Handbook of British Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century by James A. Harris Pdf

Philosophy in eighteenth-century Britain was diverse, vibrant, and sophisticated. This was the age of Hume and Berkeley and Reid, of Hutcheson and Kames and Smith, of Ferguson and Burke and Wollstonecraft. Important and influential works were published in every area of philosophy, from the theory of vision to theories of political resistance, from the philosophy of language to accounts of ways of governing the passions. The philosophers of eighteenth-century Britain were enormously influential, in France, in Italy, in Germany, and in America. Their ideas and arguments remain a powerful presence in philosophy three centuries later. This Oxford Handbook is the first book ever to provide comprehensive coverage of the full range of philosophical writing in Britain in the eighteenth century. It provides accounts of the writings of all the major figures, but also puts those figures in the context provided by a host of writers less well known today. The book has five principal sections: 'Logic and Metaphysics', 'The Passions', 'Morals', 'Criticism', and 'Politics'. Each section comprises four chapters, providing detailed coverage of all of the important aspects of its subject matter. There is also an introductory section, with chapters on the general character of philosophizing in eighteenth-century Britain, and a concluding section on the important question of the relation at this time between philosophy and religion. The authors of the chapters are experts in their fields. They include philosophers, historians, political theorists, and literary critics, and they teach in colleges and universities in Britain, in Europe, and in North America.

Planetary Astronomy from the Renaissance to the Rise of Astrophysics, Part A, Tycho Brahe to Newton

R. Taton,C. Wilson,Michael Hoskin
Planetary Astronomy from the Renaissance to the Rise of Astrophysics Part A Tycho Brahe to Newton Book PDF

Author : R. Taton,C. Wilson,Michael Hoskin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2003-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521542057

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Planetary Astronomy from the Renaissance to the Rise of Astrophysics, Part A, Tycho Brahe to Newton by R. Taton,C. Wilson,Michael Hoskin Pdf

The International Astronomical Union and the International Union for the History and Philosophy of Science have sponsored a major work on the history of astronomy, which the Press publishs are in four volumes, three of which will be divided into two parts. Publication commenced with volume 4, part A. The history of astronomy has never been tackled on this scale and depth and this major synthesis breaks wholly new ground. The individual chapters of each volume have been prepared by leading experts in every field of the history of astronomy.

Action and Reaction

Paul Harold Theerman,Adele F. Seeff
Action and Reaction Book PDF

Author : Paul Harold Theerman,Adele F. Seeff
Publisher : University of Delaware Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 0874134463

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Action and Reaction by Paul Harold Theerman,Adele F. Seeff Pdf

The volume opens with an essay by Richard S. Westfall that justifies claims that Newton was the "culmination of the scientific revolution." The I. Bernard Cohen essay that follows illustrates the difference between "mathematical principles" and "natural philosophy." Two complementary papers give new insights into the Newtonian foundations of celestial mechanics: William Harper analyzes Newton's argument for universal gravitation from the perspective of a philosopher of science; Michael S. Mahoney discusses the mathematical aspects of Newton's use of force law to determine planetary orbits.