Newton S Physics And The Conceptual Structure Of The Scientific Revolution

Author : Z. Bechler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401132763

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Newton’s Physics and the Conceptual Structure of the Scientific Revolution by Z. Bechler Pdf

Three events, which happened all within the same week some ten years ago, set me on the track which the book describes. The first was a reading of Emile Meyerson works in the course of a prolonged research on Einstein's relativity theory, which sent me back to Meyerson's Ident ity and Reality, where I read and reread the striking chapter on "Ir rationality". In my earlier researches into the origins of French Conven tionalism I came to know similar views, all apparently deriving from Emile Boutroux's doctoral thesis of 1874 De fa contingence des lois de la nature and his notes of the 1892-3 course he taught at the Sorbonne De ['idee de fa loi naturelle dans la science et la philosophie contempo raines. But never before was the full effect of the argument so suddenly clear as when I read Meyerson. On the same week I read, by sheer accident, Ernest Moody's two parts paper in the JHIof 1951, "Galileo and Avempace". Put near Meyerson's thesis, what Moody argued was a striking confirmation: it was the sheer irrationality of the Platonic tradition, leading from A vem pace to Galileo, which was the working conceptual force behind the notion of a non-appearing nature, active all the time but always sub merged, as it is embodied in the concept of void and motion in it

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Science
ISBN : OCLC:1303903719

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The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn Pdf

Author : Peter Michael Harman,Alan E. Shapiro
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002-11-07
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 052189266X

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The Investigation of Difficult Things by Peter Michael Harman,Alan E. Shapiro Pdf

A collection of scholarly essays on Newton and the history of the exact sciences.

Author : I. Bernard Cohen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0521273803

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The Newtonian Revolution by I. Bernard Cohen Pdf

This volume presents Professor Cohen's original interpretation of the revolution that marked the beginnings of modern science and set Newtonian science as the model for the highest level of achievement in other branches of science. It shows that Newton developed a special kind of relation between abstract mathematical constructs and the physical systems that we observe in the world around us by means of experiment and critical observation. The heart of the radical Newtonian style is the construction on the mind of a mathematical system that has some features in common with the physical world; this system was then modified when the deductions and conclusions drawn from it are tested against the physical universe. Using this system Newton was able to make his revolutionary innovations in celestial mechanics and, ultimately, create a new physics of central forces and the law of universal gravitation. Building on his analysis of Newton's methodology, Professor Cohen explores the fine structure of revolutionary change and scientific creativity in general. This is done by developing the concept of scientific change as a series of transformations of existing ideas. It is shown that such transformation is characteristic of many aspects of the sciences and that the concept of scientific change by transformation suggests a new way of examining the very nature of scientific creativity.

Author : Z. Bechler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9027713030

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Contemporary Newtonian Research by Z. Bechler Pdf

them in his cheat-preface to Copernicus De Revolutionibus, but the main change in their import has been that whereas Osiander defended Copernicus, Mach and Duhem defended science. The modem conception of hypothetico deductive science is, again, geared to defend the respectability of science in much the same way: the physical interpretation, it says, is merely and always hypothetical, and so the scientist is never really committed to it. Hence, when science sheds the physical interpretation off its mathematical skeleton as time and refutation catch up with it, the scientist is not really caught in error, for he never was committed to this interpretation in the first place. This is the apologetic essence of present day, Popper-like, versions of the idea of science as a mathematical-core-cum-interpretational shell. This is also Cohen's view, for it aims to free Newton of any existential commitment to which his theory might allegedly commit him. It will be readily seen that Cohen regards this methodological distinction between mathematics and physics to be the backbone of the Newtonian revolution in science (which is, in its tum, the climax of the whole Scientific Revolution) for a very clear reason: it enables us to argue that Newton could use freely the new concept of centripetal force, even though he did not be lieve in physical action at a distance and could not conceive how such a force could act to produce its effects". ([3] pp.

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226458144

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The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn Pdf

“One of the most influential books of the 20th century,” the landmark study in the history of science with a new introduction by philosopher Ian Hacking (Guardian, UK). First published in 1962, Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions ”reshaped our understanding of the scientific enterprise and human inquiry in general.” In it, he challenged long-standing assumptions about scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don’t arise from the gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation, but instead occur outside of “normal science.” Though Kuhn was writing when physics ruled the sciences, his ideas on how scientific revolutions bring order to the anomalies that amass over time in research experiments are still instructive in today’s biotech age (Science). This new edition of Kuhn’s essential work includes an insightful introduction by Ian Hacking, which clarifies terms popularized by Kuhn, including “paradigm” and “incommensurability,” and applies Kuhn’s ideas to the science of today. Usefully keyed to the separate sections of the book, Hacking’s introduction provides important background information as well as a contemporary context. This newly designed edition also includes an expanded and updated index.

Author : Walter Roy Laird,Sophie Roux
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402059674

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Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution by Walter Roy Laird,Sophie Roux Pdf

This volume deals with a variety of moments in the history of mechanics when conflicts arose within one textual tradition, between different traditions, or between textual traditions and the wider world of practice. Its purpose is to show how the accommodations sometimes made in the course of these conflicts ultimately contributed to the emergence of modern mechanics.

Author : William A Wallace
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780813208602

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The Modeling of Nature by William A Wallace Pdf

The Modeling of Nature provides an excellent introduction to the fundamentals of natural philosophy, psychology, logic, and epistemology.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : PediaPress
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2024-05-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Isaac Newton by Anonim Pdf

Author : Tucker McElroy
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Mathematicians
ISBN : 9781438109213

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A to Z of Mathematicians by Tucker McElroy Pdf

Profiles more than 150 mathematicians from around the world who made important contributions to their field, including Rene Descartes, Emily Noether and Bernhard Riemann.

Author : W.L. Craig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401734738

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The Tenseless Theory of Time by W.L. Craig Pdf

he present book and its companion volume The Tensed Theory of Time: a T Critical Examination are an attempt to adjudicate what one recent discussant has called "the most fundamental question in the philosophy of time," namely, "whether a static or a dynamic conception ofthe world is correct. "] I had originally intended to treat this question in the space of a single volume; but the study swelled into two. I found that an adequate appraisal of these two competing theories of time requires a wide-ranging discussion of issues in metaphysics, philosophy of language, phenomenology, philosophy of science, philosophy of space and time, and even philosophy of religion, and that this simply could not be done in one volume. If these volumes succeed in making a contribution to the debate, it will be precisely because of the synoptic nature of the discussion therein. Too often the question of the nature of time has been prematurely answered by some philosopher or physicist simply because he is largely ignorant of relevant discussions outside his chosen field of expertise. In these two complementary but independent volumes I have attempted to appraise what I take to be the most important arguments drawn from a variety of fields for and against each theory of time.

Author : Ofer Gal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401722230

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Meanest Foundations and Nobler Superstructures by Ofer Gal Pdf

This book is a historical-epistemological study of one of the most consequential breakthroughs in the history of celestial mechanics: Robert Hooke's (1635-1703) proposal to "compoun[d] the celestial motions of the planets of a direct motion by the tangent & an attractive motion towards a centrat body" (Newton, The Correspondence li, 297. Henceforth: Correspondence). This is the challenge Hooke presented to Isaac Newton (1642-1727) in a short but intense correspondence in the winter of 1679-80, which set Newton on course for his 1687 Principia, transforming the very concept of "the planetary heavens" in the process (Herivel, 301: De Motu, Version III). 1 It is difficult to overstate the novelty of Hooke 's Programme • The celestial motions, it suggested, those proverbial symbols of stability and immutability, werein fact a process of continuous change: a deflection of the planets from original rectilinear paths by "a centraU attractive power" (Correspondence, li, 313). There was nothing necessary or essential in the shape of planetary orbits. Already known to be "not circular nor concentricall" (ibid. ), Hooke claimed that these apparently closed "curve Line[ s ]" should be understood and calculated as mere effects of rectilinear motions and rectilinear attraction. And as Newton was quick to realize, this also implied that "the planets neither move exactly in ellipse nor revolve twice in the same orbit, so that there are as many orbits to a planet as it has revolutions" (Herivel, 301: De Motu, Version III).

Author : Igor Hanzel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401732659

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The Concept of Scientific Law in the Philosophy of Science and Epistemology by Igor Hanzel Pdf

The author argues that a reconstruction of scientific laws should give an account of laws relating phenomena to underlying mechanisms generating them, as well as of laws relating this mechanism to its inherent capacities. While contemporary philosophy of science deals only with the former, the author provides the concept for the reconstruction of scientific laws, where the knowledge of the phenomena enables one to grasp the quantity of their cause. He then provides the concepts for scientific laws dealing with the relation of the quantity and quality of the cause underlying phenomena to the quality and quantity of its capacities. Finally, he provides concepts for scientific laws expressing how a certain cause, due to the quantity and quality of its capacities, generates the quantitative and qualitative determinations of its manifestations. The book is intended for philosophers of science and philosophers of social science, as well as for natural and social scientists.

Author : B.E. Babich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401724289

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Nietzsche, Epistemology, and Philosophy of Science by B.E. Babich Pdf

Nietzsche, Epistemology, and Philosophy of Science, is the second volume of a collection on Nietzsche and the Sciences, featuring essays addressing truth, epistemology, and the philosophy of science, with a substantial representation of analytically schooled Nietzsche scholars. This collection offers a dynamic articulation of the differing strengths of Anglo-American analytic and contemporary European approaches to philosophy, with translations from European specialists, notably Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Paul Valadier, and Walther Ch. Zimmerli. This broad collection also features a preface by Alasdair MacIntyre. Contributions explore Nietzsche's contributions to the philosophy of language and epistemology, and include essays on the social history of truth and the historical and cultural analyses of Serres and Baudrillard, as well as new contributions to the philosophy of science, including theological and hermeneutical approaches, history of science, the philosophy of medicine, cognitive science, and technology.

Author : David B. Zilberman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402033407

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Analogy in Indian and Western Philosophical Thought by David B. Zilberman Pdf

This book is unusual in many respects. It was written by a prolific author whose tragic untimely death did not allow to finish this and many other of his undertakings. It was assembled from numerous excerpts, notes, and fragments according to his initial plans. Zilberman’s legacy still awaits its true discovery and this book is a second installment to it after The Birth of Meaning in Hindu Thought (Kluwer, 1988). Zilberman’s treatment of analogy is unique in its approach, scope, and universality for Western philosophical thought. Constantly compared to eastern and especially classical Indian interpretations, analogy is presented by Zilberman as an important and in many ways primary method of philosophizing or philosophy-building. Due to its universality, this method can be also applied in linguistics, logic, social analysis, as well as historical and anthropological research. These applications are integral part of Zilberman’s book. A prophetic leap to largely uncharted territories, this book could be of considerable interest for experts and novices in the field of analogy alike.