Nonideal Theory And Content Externalism

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Nonideal Theory and Content Externalism

Jeff Engelhardt
Nonideal Theory and Content Externalism Book PDF

Author : Jeff Engelhardt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780197754191

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Nonideal Theory and Content Externalism by Jeff Engelhardt Pdf

Just about every philosophical theory of mind or language developed over the past 50 years in the West is systematically inaccurate. Systemic oppression has influenced the processes that theories of mind or language purport to identify; it has also made it so that most middle-to-upper class White men are ignorant of systemic oppression. Consequently, most theories of mind or language are systematically inaccurate because they fail to account for the influences of systemic oppression. Engelhardt solidifies this argument, exemplifies it with two versions of an influential theory, shows how to remedy the inaccurate theories, and considers some consequences of the remedy.

Externalism

Mark Rowlands
Externalism Book PDF

Author : Mark Rowlands
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2014-12-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317489290

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Externalism by Mark Rowlands Pdf

It is commonly held that our thoughts, beliefs, desires and feelings - the mental phenomena that we instantiate - are constituted by states and processes that occur inside our head. The view known as externalism, however, denies that mental phenomena are internal in this sense. The mind is not purely in the head. Mental phenomena are hybrid entities that straddle both internal state and processes and things occurring in the outside world. The development of externalist conceptions of the mind is one of the most controversial, and arguably one of the most important, developments in the philosophy of mind in the second half of the twentieth century. Yet, despite its significance most recent work on externalism has been highly technical, clouding its basic ideas and principles. Moreover, very little work has been done to locate externalism within philosophical developments in both analytic and continental traditions. In this book, Mark Rowlands aims to remedy both these problems and present for the reader a clear and accessible introduction to the subject grounded in wider developments in the history of philosophy. Rowlands shows that externalism has significant and respectable historical roots that make it much more important than a specific eruption that occurred in late twentieth-century analytic philosophy.

Internalism and Externalism in Semantics and Epistemology

Sanford C. Goldberg
Internalism and Externalism in Semantics and Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Sanford C. Goldberg
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2007-10-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191534676

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Internalism and Externalism in Semantics and Epistemology by Sanford C. Goldberg Pdf

To what extent are meaning, on the one hand, and knowledge, on the other, determined by aspects of the 'outside world'? Internalism and Externalism in Semantics and Epistemology presents twelve specially written essays exploring these debates in metaphysics and epistemology and the connections between them. In so doing, it examines how issues connected with the nature of mind and language bear on issues about the nature of knowledge and justification (and vice versa). Topics discussed include the compatibility of semantic externalism and epistemic internalism, the variety of internalist and externalist positions (both semantic and epistemic), semantic externalism's implications for the epistemology of reasoning and reflection, and the possibility of arguments from the theory of mental content to the theory of epistemic justification (and vice versa).

The Externalist Challenge

Richard Schantz
The Externalist Challenge Book PDF

Author : Richard Schantz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 533 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2011-08-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110915273

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The Externalist Challenge by Richard Schantz Pdf

The debate between internalism and externalism has become a focal point of attention both in epistemology and in the philosophy of mind and language. Externalism challenges basic traditional internalist conceptions of the nature of knowledge, justification, thought and language. What is at stake, is the very form that theories in epistemology and the philosophy of mind ought to take. This volume is a collection of original contributions of leading international authors reflecting on the present state of the art concerning the exciting controversies between internalism and externalism.

Global Sweatshops

Mirjam Müller
Global Sweatshops Book PDF

Author : Mirjam Müller
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780197767207

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Global Sweatshops by Mirjam Müller Pdf

Sweatshop labour is characterized by low wages, long hours, and systematic health and safety hazards. Most of the workers in the sweatshops of the garment industry are women, many of them migrant women. This book develops an intersectional feminist critique of the working conditions in sweatshops by analysing the role of gender, race, and migration status in bringing about and justifying the exploitation of workers on factory floors. Based on this analysis, the book argues that sweatshop workers are structurally vulnerable to exploitation in virtue of their position as gendered, racialized, and migrant workers within global supply chains. While this exploitation benefits powerful actors along global supply chains, it also creates spaces of resistance and structural transformation.

Right Belief and True Belief

Daniel J. Singer
Right Belief and True Belief Book PDF

Author : Daniel J. Singer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-28
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780197660386

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Right Belief and True Belief by Daniel J. Singer Pdf

The most important questions in life are questions about what we should do and what we should believe. The first kind of question has received considerable attention by normative ethicists, who search for a complete systematic account of right action. This book is about the second kind of question. Right Belief and True Belief starts by defining a new field of inquiry named 'normative epistemology' that mirrors normative ethics in searching for a systematic account of right belief. The book then lays out and defends a deeply truth-centric account of right belief called `truth-loving epistemic consequentialism.' Truth-loving epistemic consequentialists say that what we should believe (and what credences we should have) can be understood in terms of what conduces to us having the most accurate beliefs (credences). The view straight-forwardly vindicates the popular intuition that epistemic norms are about getting true beliefs and avoiding false beliefs, and it coheres well with how scientists, engineers, and statisticians think about what we should believe. Many epistemologists have rejected similar views in response to several persuasive objections, most famously including trade-off and counting-blades-of-grass objections. Right Belief and True Belief shows how a simple truth-based consequentialist account of epistemic norms can avoid these objections and argues that truth-loving epistemic consequentialism can undergird a general truth-centric approach to many questions in epistemology.

Normative Externalism

Brian Weatherson
Normative Externalism Book PDF

Author : Brian Weatherson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192576880

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Normative Externalism by Brian Weatherson Pdf

Normative Externalism argues that it is not important that people live up to their own principles. What matters, in both ethics and epistemology, is that they live up to the correct principles: that they do the right thing, and that they believe rationally. This stance, that what matters are the correct principles, not one's own principles, has implications across ethics and epistemology. In ethics, it undermines the ideas that moral uncertainty should be treated just like factual uncertainty, that moral ignorance frequently excuses moral wrongdoing, and that hypocrisy is a vice. In epistemology, it suggests we need new treatments of higher-order evidence, and of peer disagreement, and of circular reasoning, and the book suggests new approaches to each of these problems. Although the debates in ethics and in epistemology are often conducted separately, putting them in one place helps bring out their common themes. One common theme is that the view that one should live up to one's own principles looks less attractive when people have terrible principles, or when following their own principles would lead to riskier or more aggressive action than the correct principles. Another common theme is that asking people to live up to their principles leads to regresses. It can be hard to know what action or belief complies with one's principles. And now we can ask, in such a case should a person do what they think their principles require, or what their principles actually require? Both answers lead to problems, and the best way to avoid these problems is to simply say people should follow the correct principles.

The Philosopher's Index

Anonim
The Philosopher s Index Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1256 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015079668037

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The Philosopher's Index by Anonim Pdf

Vols. for 1969- include a section of abstracts.

A Defense of Simulated Experience

Mark Silcox
A Defense of Simulated Experience Book PDF

Author : Mark Silcox
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429663499

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A Defense of Simulated Experience by Mark Silcox Pdf

This book defends an account of the positive psychological, ethical, and political value of simulated human experience. Philosophers from Plato and Augustine to Heidegger, Nozick, and Baudrillard have warned us of the dangers of living on too heavy a diet of illusion and make-believe. But contemporary cultural life provides broader, more attractive opportunities to do so than have existed at any other point in history. The gentle forms of self-deceit that such experiences require of us, and that so many have regarded as ethically unwholesome or psychologically self-destructive, can in fact serve as vital means to political reconciliation, cultural enrichment, and even (a kind of) utopia. The first half of the book provides a highly schematic definition of simulated experience and compares it with some claims about the nature of simulation made by other philosophers about what it is for one thing to be a simulation of another. The author then provides a critical survey of the views of some major authors about the value of certain specific types of simulated experience, mainly in order to point out the many puzzling inconsistencies and ambiguities that their thoughts upon the topic often exhibit. In the second half of the book, the author defends an account of the positive social value of simulated experience and compares his own position to the ideas of a number of utopian political thinkers, as well as to Plato's famous doctrine of the "noble lie." He then makes some tentative practical suggestions about how a proper appreciation of the value of simulated experience might influence public policy decisions about such matters as the justification of taxation, paternalistic "choice management," and governmental transparency. A Defense of Simulated Experience will appeal to a broad range of philosophers working in normative ethics, aesthetics, the philosophy of technology, political philosophy, and the philosophy of culture who are interested in questions about simulated experience. The book also makes a contribution to the emerging field of Game Studies.

Feminist Philosophy of Mind

Keya Maitra,Jennifer McWeeny
Feminist Philosophy of Mind Book PDF

Author : Keya Maitra,Jennifer McWeeny
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Feminist theory
ISBN : 9780190867614

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Feminist Philosophy of Mind by Keya Maitra,Jennifer McWeeny Pdf

"This collection is the first book to focus on the emerging field of study called feminist philosophy of mind. Each of the twenty chapters of Feminist Philosophy of Mind employs theories and methodologies from feminist philosophy to offer fresh insights and perspectives into issues raised in the contemporary literature in philosophy of mind and/or uses those from the philosophy of mind to advance feminist theory. The book delineates the content and aims of the field and demonstrates the fecundity of its approach, which is centered on the collective consideration of three questions: What is the mind? Whose mind is the model for the theory? To whom is mind attributed? Topics considered with this lens include mental content, artificial intelligence, the first-person perspective, personal identity, other minds, mental attribution, mental illness, perception, memory, attention, desire, trauma, agency, empathy, grief, love, gender, race, sexual orientation, materialism, panpsychism, and enactivism. In addition to engaging analytic and feminist philosophical traditions, essays draw from resources in phenomenology, philosophy of race, decolonial studies, disability studies, embodied cognition theory, comparative philosophy, neuroscience, and psychology"--

Justice in a Non-Ideal World

Alexandre Gajevic Sayegh
Justice in a Non Ideal World Book PDF

Author : Alexandre Gajevic Sayegh
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781786608772

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Justice in a Non-Ideal World by Alexandre Gajevic Sayegh Pdf

The realisation of justice in the real world requires political theory and political action. This book offers a road map for these two notions to connect. It explains how action-guiding principles are formulated by seeking cross-disciplinary input. Also, it casts light on the concepts that occupy the space between political theory and real-world politics, which are often used as reasons to obstruct the progression of social justice, e.g. feasibility, fact-sensitivity, compliance and path-dependence. This book argues for a re-appropriation of these concepts in the name of justice. Many examples will be provided. In particular, the book focuses on the case of climate change. It offers two case studies on the realisation of climate justice.

The Epistemology of Fake News

Sven Bernecker,Amy K. Flowerree,Thomas Grundmann
The Epistemology of Fake News Book PDF

Author : Sven Bernecker,Amy K. Flowerree,Thomas Grundmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192609427

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The Epistemology of Fake News by Sven Bernecker,Amy K. Flowerree,Thomas Grundmann Pdf

News is vital for a healthy democracy. Collective decision-making requires accurate, reliable information. Nevertheless, much of the information we encounter is inadequate for this task. And some—peddled by politicians, profiteers, bots and algorithms—is fake. Social media platforms and emerging technologies allow fake news to dominate our information landscape. An adequate understanding our current information landscape calls for a new discipline, the epistemology of fake news. The epistemology of fake news studies knowledge communication under imperfect conditions. This book is the first sustained inquiry into the new epistemology of fake news. The chapters, authored by established and emerging names in the field, pursue three goals. First, to analyse the meaning and novelty of 'fake news' and related notions, such as 'conspiracy theory.' Second, to discuss the mechanics of fake news, exploring various practices that generate or promote fake news. Third, to investigate potential therapies for fake news.

Political Epistemology

Elizabeth Edenberg,Michael Hannon
Political Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Edenberg,Michael Hannon
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192893338

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Political Epistemology by Elizabeth Edenberg,Michael Hannon Pdf

The first edited collection to explore one of the most rapidly growing area of philosophy: political epistemology. The volume brings together leading philosophers to explore ways in which the analytic and conceptual tools of epistemology bear on political philosophy--and vice versa.

Compositionality and Concepts in Linguistics and Psychology

James A. Hampton,Yoad Winter
Compositionality and Concepts in Linguistics and Psychology Book PDF

Author : James A. Hampton,Yoad Winter
Publisher : Springer
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319459776

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Compositionality and Concepts in Linguistics and Psychology by James A. Hampton,Yoad Winter Pdf

By highlighting relations between experimental and theoretical work, this volume explores new ways of addressing one of the central challenges in the study of language and cognition. The articles bring together work by leading scholars and younger researchers in psychology, linguistics and philosophy. An introductory chapter lays out the background on concept composition, a problem that is stimulating much new research in cognitive science. Researchers in this interdisciplinary domain aim to explain how meanings of complex expressions are derived from simple lexical concepts and to show how these meanings connect to concept representations. Traditionally, much of the work on concept composition has been carried out within separate disciplines, where cognitive psychologists have concentrated on concept representations, and linguists and philosophers have focused on the meaning and use of logical operators. This volume demonstrates an important change in this situation, where convergence points between these three disciplines in cognitive science are emerging and are leading to new findings and theoretical insights. This book is open access under a CC BY license.

A Theory of Race

Joshua Glasgow
A Theory of Race Book PDF

Author : Joshua Glasgow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135853679

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A Theory of Race by Joshua Glasgow Pdf

Social commentators have long asked whether racial categories should be conserved or eliminated from our practices, discourse, institutions, and perhaps even private thoughts. In A Theory of Race, Joshua Glasgow argues that this set of choices unnecessarily presents us with too few options. Using both traditional philosophical tools and recent psychological research to investigate folk understandings of race, Glasgow argues that, as ordinarily conceived, race is an illusion. However, our pressing need to speak to and make sense of social life requires that we employ something like racial discourse. These competing pressures, Glasgow maintains, ultimately require us to stop conceptualizing race as something biological, and instead understand it as an entirely social phenomenon.