Numerical Models Of Oceans And Oceanic Processes

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Numerical Models of Oceans and Oceanic Processes

Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson

Author : Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 981 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2000-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080512907

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Numerical Models of Oceans and Oceanic Processes by Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson Pdf

Oceans play a pivotal role in our weather and climate. Ocean-borne commerce is vital to our increasingly close-knit global community. Yet we do not fully understand the intricate details of how they function, how they interact with the atmosphere, and what the limits are to their biological productivity and their tolerance to wastes. While satellites are helping us to fill in the gaps, numerical ocean models are playing an important role in increasing our ability to comprehend oceanic processes, monitor the current state of the oceans, and to a limited extent, even predict their future state.Numerical Models of Oceans and Oceanic Processes is a survey of the current state of knowledge in this field. It brings together a discussion of salient oceanic dynamics and processes, numerical solution methods, and ocean models to provide a comprehensive treatment of the topic. Starting with elementary concepts in ocean dynamics, it deals with equatorial, mid-latitude, high latitude, and coastal dynamics from the perspective of a modeler. A comprehensive and up-to-date chapter on tides is also included. This is followed by a discussion of different kinds of numerical ocean models and the pre- and post-processing requirements and techniques. Air-sea and ice-ocean coupled models are described, as well as data assimilation and nowcast/forecasts. Comprehensive appendices on wavelet transforms and empirical orthogonal functions are also included.This comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the field should be of interest to oceanographers, atmospheric scientists, and climatologists. While some prior knowledge of oceans and numerical modeling is helpful, the book includes an overview of enough elementary material so that along with its companion volume, Small Scale Processes in Geophysical Flows, it should be useful to both students new to the field and practicing professionals. * Comprehensive and up-to-date review* Useful for a two-semester (or one-semester on selected topics) graduate level course* Valuable reference on the topic* Essential for a better understanding of weather and climate

Numerical Ocean Circulation Modeling

Dale B. Haidvogel,Aike Beckmann

Author : Dale B. Haidvogel,Aike Beckmann
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 1860941141

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Numerical Ocean Circulation Modeling by Dale B. Haidvogel,Aike Beckmann Pdf

"This book offers a comprehensive overview of the models and methods employed in the rapidly advancing field of numerical ocean circulation modeling. For those new to the field, concise reviews of the equations of oceanic motion, sub-grid-scale parameterization and numerical approximation techniques are presented. The extensive list of references make this book a valuable text for both graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in the marine sciences and in related fields, such as meteorology, climate and coupled biogeochemical modeling."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Ocean Modeling and Parameterization

Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron

Author : Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401150965

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Ocean Modeling and Parameterization by Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron Pdf

The realism of large scale numerical ocean models has improved dra matically in recent years, in part because modern computers permit a more faithful representation of the differential equations by their algebraic analogs. Equally significant, if not more so, has been the improved under standing of physical processes on space and time scales smaller than those that can be represented in such models. Today, some of the most challeng ing issues remaining in ocean modeling are associated with parameterizing the effects of these high-frequency, small-space scale processes. Accurate parameterizations are especially needed in long term integrations of coarse resolution ocean models that are designed to understand the ocean vari ability within the climate system on seasonal to decadal time scales. Traditionally, parameterizations of subgrid-scale, high-frequency mo tions in ocean modeling have been based on simple formulations, such as the Reynolds decomposition with constant diffusivity values. Until recently, modelers were concerned with first order issues such as a correct represen tation of the basic features of the ocean circulation. As the numerical simu lations become better and less dependent on the discretization choices, the focus is turning to the physics of the needed parameterizations and their numerical implementation. At the present time, the success of any large scale numerical simulation is directly dependent upon the choices that are made for the parameterization of various subgrid processes.

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation

Robert Naham Miller

Author : Robert Naham Miller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0511648944

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Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation by Robert Naham Miller Pdf

This 2007 book describes ocean models for graduate students and researchers in oceanography, geophysics, climatology and atmospheric science.

Ocean Circulation and Climate

Stephen M. Griffies,Anne Marie Treguier

Author : Stephen M. Griffies,Anne Marie Treguier
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 904 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128058695

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Ocean Circulation and Climate by Stephen M. Griffies,Anne Marie Treguier Pdf

This chapter focuses on numerical models used to understand and predict large-scale circulation, such as the circulation comprising basin and global scales. It is organized according to two themes. The first addresses physical and numerical topics forming a foundation for ocean models. We focus here on the science of ocean models, in which we ask questions about fundamental processes and develop the mathematical equations for ocean thermo-hydrodynamics. We also touch upon various methods used to represent the continuum ocean fluid with a discrete computer model, raising such topics as the finite volume formulation of the ocean equations; the choice for vertical coordinate; the complementary issues related to horizontal gridding; and the pervasive questions of subgrid scale parameterizations. The second theme of this chapter concerns the applications of ocean models, in particular how to design an experiment and how to analyze results. This material forms the basis for ocean modelling, with the aim being to mechanistically describe, interpret, understand, and predict emergent features of the simulated, and ultimately the observed, ocean.

Introduction to Ocean Circulation and Modeling

Avijit Gangopadhyay

Author : Avijit Gangopadhyay
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000539035

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Introduction to Ocean Circulation and Modeling by Avijit Gangopadhyay Pdf

Introduction to Ocean Circulation and Modeling provide basics for physical oceanography covering ocean properties, ocean circulations and their modeling. First part of the book explains concepts of oceanic circulation, geostrophy, Ekman, Sverdrup dynamics, Stommel and Munk problems, two-layer dynamics, stratification, thermal and salt diffusion, vorticity/instability, and so forth. Second part highlights basic implementation framework for ocean models, discussion of different models, and their unique differences from the common framework with basin-scale modeling, regional modeling, and interdisciplinary modeling at different space and time scales. Features: Covers ocean properties, ocean circulations and their modeling. Explains the centrality of a rotating earth and its implications for ocean and atmosphere in a simple manner. Provides basic facts of ocean dynamics. Illustrative diagrams for clear understanding of key concepts. Outlines interdisciplinary and complex models for societal applications. The book aims at Senior Undergraduate Students, Graduate Students and Researchers in Ocean Science and Engineering, Ocean Technology, Physical Oceanography, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Modeling, Dynamical Oceanography and Earth Science.

Fundamentals of Ocean Climate Models

Stephen Griffies

Author : Stephen Griffies
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691187129

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Fundamentals of Ocean Climate Models by Stephen Griffies Pdf

This book sets forth the physical, mathematical, and numerical foundations of computer models used to understand and predict the global ocean climate system. Aimed at students and researchers of ocean and climate science who seek to understand the physical content of ocean model equations and numerical methods for their solution, it is largely general in formulation and employs modern mathematical techniques. It also highlights certain areas of cutting-edge research. Stephen Griffies presents material that spans a broad spectrum of issues critical for modern ocean climate models. Topics are organized into parts consisting of related chapters, with each part largely self-contained. Early chapters focus on the basic equations arising from classical mechanics and thermodynamics used to rationalize ocean fluid dynamics. These equations are then cast into a form appropriate for numerical models of finite grid resolution. Basic discretization methods are described for commonly used classes of ocean climate models. The book proceeds to focus on the parameterization of phenomena occurring at scales unresolved by the ocean model, which represents a large part of modern oceanographic research. The final part provides a tutorial on the tensor methods that are used throughout the book, in a general and elegant fashion, to formulate the equations.

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation

Robert N. Miller

Author : Robert N. Miller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2007-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521781825

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Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation by Robert N. Miller Pdf

The modelling of ocean circulation is important not only for its own sake, but also in terms of the prediction of weather patterns and the effects of climate change. This 2007 book introduces the basic computational techniques necessary for all models of the ocean and atmosphere, and the conditions they must satisfy. It describes the workings of ocean models, the problems that must be solved in their construction, and how to evaluate computational results. Major emphasis is placed on examining ocean models critically, and determining what they do well and what they do poorly. Numerical analysis is introduced as needed, and exercises are included to illustrate major points. Developed from notes for a course taught in physical oceanography at the College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences at Oregon State University, this book is ideal for graduate students of oceanography, geophysics, climatology and atmospheric science, and researchers in oceanography and atmospheric science.

Advanced Ocean Modelling

Jochen Kämpf

Author : Jochen Kämpf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2010-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642106101

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Advanced Ocean Modelling by Jochen Kämpf Pdf

This book focuses on motions of incompressible ?uids of a freely moving surface being in?uenced by both the Earth’s rotation and density strati?cation. In contrast to traditional textbooks in the ?eld of geophysical ?uid dynamics, such as those by by Cushman-Roisin (1994) and Gill (1982), this book uses the method of proce- oriented hydrodynamic modelling to illustrate a rich variety of ?uid phenomena. To this end, the reader can adopt the model codes, found on the Springer server accompanying this book, to reproduce most graphs of this book and, even better, to create animation movies. The reader can also employ the codes as templates for own independent studies. This can be done by a lay person as a hobby activity, undergraduate or postgraduate students as part of their education, or professional scientists as part of research. Exercises of this book are run with open-source software that can be freely downloaded from the Internet. This includes the FORTRAN 95 compiler “G95” used for execution of model simulations, the data visualisation program “SciLab”, and “ImageMagick” for the creation of graphs and GIF animations, which can be watched with most Internet browsers.

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Dynamics

Zygmunt Kowalik,T S Murty

Author : Zygmunt Kowalik,T S Murty
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1993-05-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789814365666

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Numerical Modeling of Ocean Dynamics by Zygmunt Kowalik,T S Murty Pdf

While there are several excellent books dealing with numerical analysis and analytical theory, one has to practically sift through hundreds of references. This monograph is an attempt to partly rectify this situation. It aims to introduce the application of finite-difference methods to ocean dynamics as well as review other complex methods. Systematically presented, the monograph first gives a detailed account of the basics and then go on to discuss the various applications. Recognising the impossibility of covering the entire field of ocean dynamics, the writers have chosen to focus on transport equations (diffusion and advection), shallow water phenomena — tides, storm surges and tsunamis, three-dimensional time dependent oceanic motion, natural oscillations, and steady state phenomena. The many aspects covered by this book makes it an indispensable handbook and reference source to both professionals and students of this field. Contents:Formulation of the General Equations:Equations of Motion, Continuity and DiffusionTwo-Dimensional EquationsApplication of the Stream FunctionViscosity in the Turbulent FlowTransport Equations:Mathematical RudimentsBoundary and Initial ConditionsBasic Numerical PropertiesExplicit Versus Implicit Numerical SchemesCentered Numerical SchemesComputational Errors: Diffusion and DispersionComputational and Physical Modes of the Numerical SolutionDiffusive ProcessesApplication of the Higher Order Computational Schemes to the Advective EquationTwo-Dimensional Numerical Models:Basic ProblemsNumerical Solution of the System of EquationsStep by Step Approach to the Construction and Analysis of Simple Numerical SchemesTwo-Dimensional ModelsNumerical FilteringGrid RefinementSimulation of Long Wave Run-UpFinite-Differencing of the Time DerivativeFinite-Differencing of the Space DerivativeTreatment of Open BoundariesTreatment of the Nonlinear Advective TermsMoving Boundary Models and Inclusion of Tidal FlatsNested Grids and Multiple GridsStretched Coordinates and Transformed Grid SystemsThree-Dimensional Time-Dependent Motion:IntroductionNumerical Modeling of the Fjord CirculationThree-Dimensional Motion in the Shallow SeasThree Dimensional Modeling Utilizing the Mode Splitting and Sigma CoordinateGeneral Circulation Model — Rigid Lid ConditionA Three-Dimensional Semi-Implicit ModelA Two-Layer ModelMode Splitting and Reduced Gravity ModelQuasi-Geostrophic ModelsStreamfunction ModelsThe Bidston ModelsHaidvogel et al.'s ModelNormal Modes:IntroductionSeichesThe Normal Mode ApproachSolutions for Lakes and Bays with Uniform and Variable DepthSystems with BranchesResonance Calculation for Irregular-Shaped BasinsSecondary UndulationsHelmholtz ModeOpen Boundary ConditionsNumerical Models for Resonance CalculationsKelvin Waves, Sverdrup Waves and Poincaré WavesInfluence of Ice Cover on Normal ModesSteady State Processes:Oceanographic ExamplesNumerical ApproximationBoundary ConditionsNumerical MethodsDirect MethodsHigher Order Accuracy Schemes for Convection-Dominated FlowAppendix 1ReferencesSubject Index Readership: Oceanographers, coastal engineers and environment scientists. keywords:

Small Scale Processes in Geophysical Fluid Flows

Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson

Author : Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 921 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2000-08-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080517292

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Small Scale Processes in Geophysical Fluid Flows by Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson Pdf

While ocean waves are the most visible example of oceanic mixing processes, this macroscale mixing process represents but one end of the spectrum of mixing processes operating in the ocean. At the scale of a typical phytoplanktoic diatom or larval fish inhabiting these seas, the most important mixing processes occur on the molecular scale - at the scale of turbulence. Physical-biological interactions at this scale are of paramount importance to the productivity of the seas (fisheries) and the heat balance that controls large scale ocean climate phenomena such as El Niño and tornadoes. This book grew out of the need for a comprehensive treatment of the diverse elements of geophysical fluid flow at the microscale. Kantha and Clayson have arranged a logial exposition of the various mixing processes operating within and between the oceans and its boundaries with the atmosphere and ocean floor. The authors' intent is to develop a volume that would provide a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental elements of ocean mixing so that students, academics, and professional fluid dynamicists and oceanographers can access this essential information from one source. This volume will serve as both a valuable reference tool for mathematically inclined limnologists, oceanographers and fluid modelers. * Simple models of oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers are discussed* Comprehensive and up-to-date review* Useful for graduate level course* Essential for modeling the oceans and the atmosphere* Color Plates

Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics

P.M. Malanotte-Rizzoli,Allan R. Robinson

Author : P.M. Malanotte-Rizzoli,Allan R. Robinson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401108706

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Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics by P.M. Malanotte-Rizzoli,Allan R. Robinson Pdf

One of the most crucial but still very poorly understood topics of oceanographic science is the role of ocean processes in contributing to the dynamics of climate and global change. This book presents a series of high level lectures on the major categories of ocean/atmosphere processes. Three of these major issues are the focus of the lectures: (1) air--sea interaction processes; (2) water mass formation, dispersion and mixing; (3) general circulation, with specific emphasis on the thermohaline component. Global examples in the world ocean are provided and discussed in the lectures. In parallel, the Mediterranean Sea is a laboratory basin in providing analogues of the above global processes relevant to climate dynamics. They include the Mediterranean thermohaline circulation with its own `conveyor belt'; intermediate and deep water mass formation and transformations, dispersion and mixing. No other book in the field provides a review of fundamental lectures on these processes, coupled with global examples and their Mediterranean analogues.

Ocean Weather Forecasting

Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron

Author : Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2006-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402039816

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Ocean Weather Forecasting by Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron Pdf

This volume covers a wide range of topics and summarizes our present knowledge in ocean modeling, ocean observing systems, and data assimilation. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) provides a framework for these efforts: a global system of observations, communications, modeling, and assimilation that will deliver regular, comprehensive information on the state of the oceans, engendering wide utility and availability for maximum benefit to the community.

Atmospheres and Oceans on Computers

Lars Petter Red

Author : Lars Petter Red
Publisher : Springer
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3030067335

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Atmospheres and Oceans on Computers by Lars Petter Red Pdf

This textbook introduces step by step the basic numerical methods to solve the equations governing the motion of the atmosphere and ocean, and describes how to develop a set of corresponding instructions for the computer as part of a code. Today's computers are powerful enough to allow 7-day forecasts within hours, and modern teaching of the subject requires a combination of theoretical and computational approaches. The presentation is aimed at beginning graduate students intending to become forecasters or researchers, that is, users of existing models or model developers. However, model developers must be well versed in the underlying physics as well as in numerical methods. Thus, while some of the topics discussed in the modeling of the atmosphere and ocean are more advanced, the book ensures that the gap between those scientists who analyze results from model simulations and observations and those who work with the inner works of the model does not widen further. In this spirit, the course presents methods whereby important balance equations in oceanography and meteorology, namely the advection-diffusion equation and the shallow water equations on a rotating Earth, can be solved by numerical means with little prior knowledge. The numerical focus is on the finite-difference (FD) methods, and although more powerful methods exist, the simplicity of FD makes it ideal as a pedagogical introduction to the subject. The book also includes suitable exercises and computer problems.

Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences

Anonim

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 4318 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-04-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128130827

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Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences by Anonim Pdf

The oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, and are critical components of Earth’s climate system. This new edition of Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Six Volume Set summarizes the breadth of knowledge about them, providing revised, up to date entries as well coverage of new topics in the field. New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and the cryosphere, climate and climate change, hydrothermal and cold seep systems. The structure of the work provides a modern presentation of the field, reflecting the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief. In this framework maximum attention has been devoted to making this an organic and unified reference. Represents a one-stop. organic information resource on the breadth of ocean science research Reflects the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and climate change Provides scientifically reliable information at a foundational level, making this work a resource for students as well as active researches

Numerical Models Of Oceans And Oceanic Processes

Numerical Models of Oceans and Oceanic Processes by Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson Pdf

Numerical Ocean Circulation Modeling by Dale B. Haidvogel,Aike Beckmann Pdf

Ocean Modeling and Parameterization by Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron Pdf

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation by Robert Naham Miller Pdf

Ocean Circulation and Climate by Stephen M. Griffies,Anne Marie Treguier Pdf

Introduction to Ocean Circulation and Modeling by Avijit Gangopadhyay Pdf

Fundamentals of Ocean Climate Models by Stephen Griffies Pdf

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Circulation by Robert N. Miller Pdf

Advanced Ocean Modelling by Jochen Kämpf Pdf

Numerical Modeling of Ocean Dynamics by Zygmunt Kowalik,T S Murty Pdf

Small Scale Processes in Geophysical Fluid Flows by Lakshmi H. Kantha,Carol Anne Clayson Pdf

Ocean Processes in Climate Dynamics by P.M. Malanotte-Rizzoli,Allan R. Robinson Pdf

Ocean Weather Forecasting by Eric P. Chassignet,Jacques Verron Pdf

Atmospheres and Oceans on Computers by Lars Petter Red Pdf

Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences by Anonim Pdf

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