Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 222 Earthworm Reproduction Test Eisenia Fetida Eisenia Andrei
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Test No. 222: Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei) by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. Adult worms are exposed to a range of ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 207: Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline includes two methods: a paper contact toxicity test and an artificial soil test. The recommended specie is Eisenia foetida (Michaelsen). The initial screening test (filter paper contact test) involves exposing earthworms to test ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 222: Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei) by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei.
Test No. 220: Enchytraeid Reproduction Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproductive output of the enchytraeid worm, Enchytraeus albidus Henle 1873, in soil. Adult enchytraeid worms are exposed to a range of concentrations of the ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 218: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 219: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Water by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 226: Predatory mite (Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer) reproduction test in soil by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes a method to assess the effects of chemical substances in soil on the reproductive output of the soil mite species Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer Canestrini (Acari: Laelapidae). It can be used for water soluble or insoluble substances, but not with volatile substances.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3 Test No. 317: Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 227: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess effects on vegetative vigour of terrestrial plants following above-ground exposure by general chemicals, biocides and crop protection products. The test can be conducted in order to determine the ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 240: Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT) by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes the Medaka Extended One Generation Test (MEOGRT), which exposes fish over multiple generations to give data relevant to ecological hazard and risk assessment of chemicals, including suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Exposure in the MEOGRT starts with ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 208: Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess effects on seedling emergence and early growth of higher plants following exposure to the test substance applied to the soil surface or into the soil. Seeds are placed in contact with soil treated with the ...
Earthworm Assisted Remediation of Effluents and Wastes by Sartaj Ahmad Bhat,Adarsh Pal Vig,Fusheng Li,Balasubramani Ravindran Pdf
This book provides updated and comprehensive information on the effective functioning of earthworms used alone or in combination with other biological systems/microbes, as well as factors affecting the process and performance of vermiremediation under a range of conditions. It also compares earthworm assisted vermifiltration with other conventional biochemical methods. Presenting cutting-edge research on the earthworm assisted remediation of industrial and municipal effluents and sludges, along with its role in solid waste management (SWM), the book will benefit readers from the research community and industrial sector alike, familiarizing them with the latest remediation techniques for wastewater and different types of solid waste.
Test No. 211: Daphnia magna Reproduction Test by OECD Pdf
The test method described in this Test Guideline assesses the effect of chemicals on the reproductive output of Daphnia magna Straus. To this end, young female Daphnia are exposed to the test substance added to water at a range of concentrations (at ...
Soil Degradable Bioplastics for a Sustainable Modern Agriculture by Mario Malinconico Pdf
This book shows how the use of biodegradable plastics in agriculture can have a profound positive impact on plasticulture. Starting with an organic chemistry approach to biodegradable and compostable plastics, both natural and synthetic, it then analyzes the technological and agronomic aspects of existing bioplastics for protected cultivation (mulching, direct cover, low tunnels). It describes the new sprayable biodegradable mulching method, which is based on the use of waterborne polysaccharides and cellulosic fibers. A further chapter describes the research and technology of biodegradable plastics for different agricultural practices. It also includes chapters on life cycle assessment (LCA) of biodegradable plastics for agriculture, and existing and developing standards in the field. It is a valuable resource for agronomists, chemical and materials engineers, polymer technologists and scientists, as well as for a more general readership interested in the application of green chemistry principles to the vast world of crop production. Mario Malinconico is Research Director at the Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Italy. /p
Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils by Jaume Bech,Claudio Bini,Mariya A Pashkevich Pdf
Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils covers processes operating in the environment as a result of mining activity, including the whole spectra of negative effects of anthropopressure and the environment, from changes in soil chemistry, changes in soil physical properties, geomechanical disturbances, and mine water discharges. Mining activity and its waste are an environmental concern. Knowledge of the fate of potentially harmful elements and their effect on plants and the food chain, and ultimately on human health, is still being understood. Therefore, there is a need for better knowledge on the origin, distribution, and management of mine waste on a global level. This book provides information on hazard assessment and remediation of the disturbed environment, including stabilization of contaminated soils and phytoremediation, and will help scientists and public authorities formulate answers to the daily challenges related to the restoration of contaminated land. Provides a thorough overview of the processes operating on mining-devastated areas, as well as origin, distribution, and deactivation of harmful elements Includes outcomes and recommendations of the Global Mining Initiative that are widely regarded as the code of conduct in the minerals industry Contains global case studies that elucidate various aspects of assessment and restoration of mine-contaminated land
