Optimisation Of Dynamic Heterogeneous Rainfall Sensor Networks In The Context Of Citizen Observatories

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Optimisation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Rainfall Sensor Networks in the Context of Citizen Observatories

Juan Carlos Chacon-Hurtado
Optimisation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Rainfall Sensor Networks in the Context of Citizen Observatories Book PDF

Author : Juan Carlos Chacon-Hurtado
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000727524

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Optimisation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Rainfall Sensor Networks in the Context of Citizen Observatories by Juan Carlos Chacon-Hurtado Pdf

Precipitation drives the dynamics of flows and storages in water systems, making its monitoring essential for water management. Conventionally, precipitation is monitored using in-situ and remote sensors. In-situ sensors are arranged in networks, which are usually sparse, providing continuous observations for long periods at fixed points in space, and due to the high costs of such networks, they are often sub-optimal. To increase the efficiency of the monitoring networks, we explore the use of sensors that can relocate as rainfall events develop (dynamic sensors), as well as increasing the number of sensors involving volunteers (citizens). This research focusses on the development of an approach for merging heterogeneous observations in non-stationary precipitation fields, exploring the interactions between different definitions of optimality for the design of sensor networks, as well as development of algorithms for the optimal scheduling of dynamic sensors. This study was carried out in three different case studies, including Bacchiglione River (Italy), Don River (U.K.) and Brue Catchment (U.K.) The results of this study indicate that optimal use of dynamic sensors may be useful for monitoring precipitation to support water management and flow forecasting.

The Value of Using Hydrological Datasets for Water Allocation Decisions: Earth Observations, Hydrological Models and Seasonal Forecasts

Alexander José Kaune Schmidt
The Value of Using Hydrological Datasets for Water Allocation Decisions Earth Observations Hydrological Models and Seasonal Forecasts Book PDF

Author : Alexander José Kaune Schmidt
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000751307

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The Value of Using Hydrological Datasets for Water Allocation Decisions: Earth Observations, Hydrological Models and Seasonal Forecasts by Alexander José Kaune Schmidt Pdf

An increasing number of hydrological datasets from earth observations, hydrological models and seasonal forecasts have become available for water managers, consultants and the general public. These datasets are state-of-the-art products which are usually accessible online and may contribute to develop hydrological studies and support water resources management. However, the added value of these datasets has not been completely explored in decision-making processes. Research studies have assessed how well data can help in predicting climate, but there is a lack of knowledge on how well data can help in water allocation decisions. This work provides numerical tools, methods and results to evaluate the value of using hydrological datasets to support water allocation decisions at river basin and irrigation district scale. An integrated approach is used to predict climate, improve decisions and reduce negative impacts. Results show that investing in hydrological data with finer spatial and temporal resolution and longer periods of record improves water allocation decisions and reduces agricultural production loss in large irrigation schemes. Using river discharge data from hydrological models and global precipitation enhances irrigation area planning when little in-situ data is available. Moreover, using seasonal streamflow forecasts improves available water estimates resulting in better water allocation decisions. The framework was tested in Costa Rica, Colombia and Australia, but can be applied in any case study around the world.

Geographic Citizen Science Design

Artemis Skarlatidou,Muki Haklay
Geographic Citizen Science Design Book PDF

Author : Artemis Skarlatidou,Muki Haklay
Publisher : UCL Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781787356122

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Geographic Citizen Science Design by Artemis Skarlatidou,Muki Haklay Pdf

Little did Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and other ‘gentlemen scientists’ know, when they were making their scientific discoveries, that some centuries later they would inspire a new field of scientific practice and innovation, called citizen science. The current growth and availability of citizen science projects and relevant applications to support citizen involvement is massive; every citizen has an opportunity to become a scientist and contribute to a scientific discipline, without having any professional qualifications. With geographic interfaces being the common approach to support collection, analysis and dissemination of data contributed by participants, ‘geographic citizen science’ is being approached from different angles. Geographic Citizen Science Design takes an anthropological and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) stance to provide the theoretical and methodological foundations to support the design, development and evaluation of citizen science projects and their user-friendly applications. Through a careful selection of case studies in the urban and non-urban contexts of the Global North and South, the chapters provide insights into the design and interaction barriers, as well as on the lessons learned from the engagement of a diverse set of participants; for example, literate and non-literate people with a range of technical skills, and with different cultural backgrounds. Looking at the field through the lenses of specific case studies, the book captures the current state of the art in research and development of geographic citizen science and provides critical insight to inform technological innovation and future research in this area.

Learning from Data Streams

João Gama,Mohamed Medhat Gaber
Learning from Data Streams Book PDF

Author : João Gama,Mohamed Medhat Gaber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540736783

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Learning from Data Streams by João Gama,Mohamed Medhat Gaber Pdf

Processing data streams has raised new research challenges over the last few years. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of stream data processing, including famous prototype implementations like the Nile system and the TinyOS operating system. Applications in security, the natural sciences, and education are presented. The huge bibliography offers an excellent starting point for further reading and future research.

Mapping and the Citizen Sensor

Giles Foody,Linda See,Steffen Fritz,Peter Mooney,Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond,Cidália Costa Fonte,Vyron Antoniou
Mapping and the Citizen Sensor Book PDF

Author : Giles Foody,Linda See,Steffen Fritz,Peter Mooney,Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond,Cidália Costa Fonte,Vyron Antoniou
Publisher : Ubiquity Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781911529170

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Mapping and the Citizen Sensor by Giles Foody,Linda See,Steffen Fritz,Peter Mooney,Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond,Cidália Costa Fonte,Vyron Antoniou Pdf

Maps are a fundamental resource in a diverse array of applications ranging from everyday activities, such as route planning through the legal demarcation of space to scientific studies, such as those seeking to understand biodiversity and inform the design of nature reserves for species conservation. For a map to have value, it should provide an accurate and timely representation of the phenomenon depicted and this can be a challenge in a dynamic world. Fortunately, mapping activities have benefitted greatly from recent advances in geoinformation technologies. Satellite remote sensing, for example, now offers unparalleled data acquisition and authoritative mapping agencies have developed systems for the routine production of maps in accordance with strict standards. Until recently, much mapping activity was in the exclusive realm of authoritative agencies but technological development has also allowed the rise of the amateur mapping community. The proliferation of inexpensive and highly mobile and location aware devices together with Web 2.0 technology have fostered the emergence of the citizen as a source of data. Mapping presently benefits from vast amounts of spatial data as well as people able to provide observations of geographic phenomena, which can inform map production, revision and evaluation. The great potential of these developments is, however, often limited by concerns. The latter span issues from the nature of the citizens through the way data are collected and shared to the quality and trustworthiness of the data. This book reports on some of the key issues connected with the use of citizen sensors in mapping. It arises from a European Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, which explored issues linked to topics ranging from citizen motivation, data acquisition, data quality and the use of citizen derived data in the production of maps that rival, and sometimes surpass, maps arising from authoritative agencies.

Hydrology: Advances in Theory and Practice

Nevil W. Quinn
Hydrology Advances in Theory and Practice Book PDF

Author : Nevil W. Quinn
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789061420

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Hydrology: Advances in Theory and Practice by Nevil W. Quinn Pdf

Hydrology: Advances in Theory and Practice, brings together contributions to both the theory and practice of hydrology, including chapters on (amongst other topics) flood estimation methods and hydrological modelling. The book also looks forward with a global hydrology research agenda fit for the 2030s, and explores how to make advances in hydrological modelling – based on almost 50 years of modelling experience. In Focus – a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.

The Water Footprint Assessment Manual

Maite M. Aldaya,Ashok K. Chapagain,Arjen Y. Hoekstra,Mesfin M. Mekonnen
The Water Footprint Assessment Manual Book PDF

Author : Maite M. Aldaya,Ashok K. Chapagain,Arjen Y. Hoekstra,Mesfin M. Mekonnen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136538520

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The Water Footprint Assessment Manual by Maite M. Aldaya,Ashok K. Chapagain,Arjen Y. Hoekstra,Mesfin M. Mekonnen Pdf

People use lots of water for drinking, cooking and washing, but significantly more for producing things such as food, paper and cotton clothes. The water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. Indirect use refers to the 'virtual water' embedded in tradable goods and commodities, such as cereals, sugar or cotton. The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. This book offers a complete and up-to-date overview of the global standard on water footprint assessment as developed by the Water Footprint Network. More specifically it: o Provides a comprehensive set of methods for water footprint assessment o Shows how water footprints can be calculated for individual processes and products, as well as for consumers, nations and businesses o Contains detailed worked examples of how to calculate green, blue and grey water footprints o Describes how to assess the sustainability of the aggregated water footprint within a river basin or the water footprint of a specific product o Includes an extensive library of possible measures that can contribute to water footprint reduction

The Science of Citizen Science

Katrin Vohland,Anne Land-zandstra,Luigi Ceccaroni,Rob Lemmens,Josep Perelló,Marisa Ponti,Roeland Samson,Katherin Wagenknecht
The Science of Citizen Science Book PDF

Author : Katrin Vohland,Anne Land-zandstra,Luigi Ceccaroni,Rob Lemmens,Josep Perelló,Marisa Ponti,Roeland Samson,Katherin Wagenknecht
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Communication
ISBN : 9783030582784

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The Science of Citizen Science by Katrin Vohland,Anne Land-zandstra,Luigi Ceccaroni,Rob Lemmens,Josep Perelló,Marisa Ponti,Roeland Samson,Katherin Wagenknecht Pdf

This open access book discusses how the involvement of citizens into scientific endeavors is expected to contribute to solve the big challenges of our time, such as climate change and the loss of biodiversity, growing inequalities within and between societies, and the sustainability turn. The field of citizen science has been growing in recent decades. Many different stakeholders from scientists to citizens and from policy makers to environmental organisations have been involved in its practice. In addition, many scientists also study citizen science as a research approach and as a way for science and society to interact and collaborate. This book provides a representation of the practices as well as scientific and societal outcomes in different disciplines. It reflects the contribution of citizen science to societal development, education, or innovation and provides and overview of the field of actors as well as on tools and guidelines. It serves as an introduction for anyone who wants to get involved in and learn more about the science of citizen science.

Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and pray

Francois Clemens,Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski
Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management Plug and pray Book PDF

Author : Francois Clemens,Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 1789060109

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Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and pray by Francois Clemens,Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski Pdf

This book presents the advancements made in applied metrology in the field of Urban Drainage and Storm water Management over the past two decades in scientific research as well as in practical applications. Given the broadness of this subject (measuring principles, uncertainty in data, data validation, data storage and communication, design, maintenance and management of monitoring networks, technical details of sensor technology), the focus is on water quantity and a sound metrological basis. The book offers common ground for academics and practitioners when setting up monitoring projects in urban drainage and storm water management. This will enable an easier exchange of results so as to allow for a faster scientific progress in the field. A second, but equally important goal, is to allow practitioners access to scientific developments and gained experience when it comes to monitoring urban drainage and storm water systems. In-depth description of international case studies covering all aspects discussed in the book are presented, along with self-training exercises and codes available for readers on a companion website.

Handbook on Theoretical and Algorithmic Aspects of Sensor, Ad Hoc Wireless, and Peer-to-Peer Networks

Jie Wu
Handbook on Theoretical and Algorithmic Aspects of Sensor Ad Hoc Wireless and Peer to Peer Networks Book PDF

Author : Jie Wu
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 896 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780203323687

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Handbook on Theoretical and Algorithmic Aspects of Sensor, Ad Hoc Wireless, and Peer-to-Peer Networks by Jie Wu Pdf

The availability of cheaper, faster, and more reliable electronic components has stimulated important advances in computing and communication technologies. Theoretical and algorithmic approaches that address key issues in sensor networks, ad hoc wireless networks, and peer-to-peer networks play a central role in the development of emerging network

Cities of the Future

Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown
Cities of the Future Book PDF

Author : Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843391364

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Cities of the Future by Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown Pdf

This book is developed from and includes the presentations of leading international experts and scholars in the 12-14 July, 2006 Wingspread Workshop. With urban waters as a focal point, this book will explore the links between urban water quality and hydrology, and the broader concepts of green cities and smart growth. It also addresses legal and social barriers to urban ecological sustainability and proposes practical ways to overcome those barriers. Cities of the Future features chapters containing visionary concepts on how to ensure that cities and their water resources become ecologically sustainable and are able to provide clean water for all beneficial uses. The book links North American and Worldwide experience and approaches. The book is primarily a professional reference aimed at a wide interdisciplinary audience, including universities, consultants, environmental advocacy groups and legal environmental professionals.

Climate Change and Cities

Cynthia Rosenzweig,William D. Solecki,Patricia Romero-Lankao,Shagun Mehrotra,Shobhakar Dhakal,Somayya Ali Ibrahim
Climate Change and Cities Book PDF

Author : Cynthia Rosenzweig,William D. Solecki,Patricia Romero-Lankao,Shagun Mehrotra,Shobhakar Dhakal,Somayya Ali Ibrahim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 855 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781316603338

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Climate Change and Cities by Cynthia Rosenzweig,William D. Solecki,Patricia Romero-Lankao,Shagun Mehrotra,Shobhakar Dhakal,Somayya Ali Ibrahim Pdf

Climate Change and Cities bridges science-to-action for climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts in cities around the world.

Ecological Informatics

Friedrich Recknagel
Ecological Informatics Book PDF

Author : Friedrich Recknagel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 509 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2006-05-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540284260

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Ecological Informatics by Friedrich Recknagel Pdf

Ecological Informatics promotes interdisciplinary research between ecology and computer science on elucidation of principles of information processing in ecosystems, ecological sustainability by informed decision making, and bio-inspired computation. The 2nd edition of the book consolidates the scope, concepts, and techniques of this newly emerging discipline by a new preface and additional chapters on cellular automata, qualitative reasoning, hybrid evolutionary algorithms and artificial neural networks. It illustrates numerous applications of Ecological Informatics for aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, image recognition at micro- and macro-scale as well as computer hardware design. Case studies focus on applications of artificial neural networks, evolutionary computation, cellular automata, adaptive agents, fuzzy logic as well as qualitative reasoning. The 2nd edition of the book includes an index with novel evolutionary algorithms for the discovery of multiple nonlinear functions and rule sets as well as parameter optimisation in complex ecological data.

Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation

Ottmar Edenhofer,Ramón Pichs Madruga
Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation Book PDF

Author : Ottmar Edenhofer,Ramón Pichs Madruga
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1076 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Climate change mitigation
ISBN : 1139248707

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Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation by Ottmar Edenhofer,Ramón Pichs Madruga Pdf

This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report (IPCC-SRREN) assesses the potential role of renewable energy in the mitigation of climate change. It covers the six most important renewable energy sources - bioenergy, solar, geothermal, hydropower, ocean and wind energy - as well as their integration into present and future energy systems. It considers the environmental and social consequences associated with the deployment of these technologies and presents strategies to overcome technical as well as non-technical obstacles to their application and diffusion. SRREN brings a broad spectrum of technology-specific experts together with scientists studying energy systems as a whole. Prepared following strict IPCC procedures, it presents an impartial assessment of the current state of knowledge: it is policy relevant but not policy prescriptive. SRREN is an invaluable assessment of the potential role of renewable energy for the mitigation of climate change for policymakers, the private sector and academic researchers.

Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture, Land Resources, Water Resources, and Biodiversity in the United States

Peter Backlund
Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture Land Resources Water Resources and Biodiversity in the United States Book PDF

Author : Peter Backlund
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437910988

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Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture, Land Resources, Water Resources, and Biodiversity in the United States by Peter Backlund Pdf

This report by the Nat. Science and Tech. Council¿s U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) is part of a series of 21 reports aimed at providing current assessments of climate change science to inform public debate, policy, and operational decisions. These reports are also intended to help the CCSP develop future program research priorities. The CCSP¿s guiding vision is to provide the Nation and the global community with the science-based knowledge needed to manage the risks and capture the opportunities associated with climate and related environmental changes. This report assesses the effects of climate change on U.S. land resources, water resources, agriculture, and biodiversity. It was developed with broad scientific input. Illus.