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Pearl Harbor Declassified by James M. D’Angelo Pdf
Did President Roosevelt and other high-ranking U.S. government officials know about Japanese plans to attack Pearl Harbor, and fail to warn U.S. Navy leadership? Drawing on recently declassified materials and revelations from other writers, this book traces the flow of intelligence and concludes the imminent attack was allowed to happen to win the support of the American public in a war against Japan. An epilogue describes the fate of Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, the intelligence he received from Washington before the attack, and the intelligence he did not.
Using previously unreleased documents, the author reveals new evidence that FDR knew the attack on Pearl Harbor was coming and did nothing to prevent it.
Americans have long debated the cause of the December 7, 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor. Many have argued that the attack was a brilliant Japanese military coup, or a failure of U.S. intelligence agencies, or even a conspiracy of the Roosevelt administration. But despite the attention historians have paid to the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the truth about that fateful day has remained a mystery—until now. In Operation Snow: How a Soviet Mole in FDR’s White House Triggered Pearl Harbor, author John Koster uses recently declassified evidence and never-before-translated documents to tell the real story of the day that FDR memorably declared would live in infamy, forever. Operation Snow shows how Joseph Stalin and the KGB used a vast network of double-agents and communist sympathizers—most notably, Harry Dexter White—to lead Japan into war against the United States, demonstrating incontestable Soviet involvement behind the bombing of Pearl Harbor. A thrilling tale of espionage, mystery and war, Operation Snow will forever change the way we think about Pearl Harbor and World War II.
This book provides a penetrating look into Franklin D. Roosevelt's strategy to bait Adolf Hitler into declaring war on America in order to defeat Germany militarily, thus preventing the Nazis from developing the atomic bomb. In late 1939, President Roosevelt learned that Hitler was attempting to develop an atomic bomb to use against the United States. The president responded by directing his own scientific community to develop an atomic bomb and began making plans to go to war with Germany. However, he was hampered by public opinion, with 80 percent of the American people against U.S. involvement in another ground war in Europe. Roosevelt seized an opportunity in 1940, when Japan and Nazi Germany formed a military alliance. To bait Germany into war, FDR shut down Japan's war-making economy, prompting Tokyo to attack Pearl Harbor. A few days later, Hitler declared war on America. Using declassified documents, this book shows how Pearl Harbor was not about Japan; it was about the United States going to war with Germany. It reveals how the U.S. Navy's intelligence gathering system could break virtually any Japanese naval code, but Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, the commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, was kept in the dark about the impending Pearl Harbor attack by his own government.
Author : Edward S Miller Publisher : Naval Institute Press Page : 363 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2007-09-10 Category : History ISBN : 9781612511184
Award-winning author Edward S. Miller contends in this new work that the United States forced Japan into international bankruptcy to deter its aggression. While researching newly declassified records of the Treasury and Federal Reserve, Miller, a retired chief financial executive of a Fortune 500 resources corporation, uncovered just how much money mattered. Washington experts confidently predicted that the war in China would bankrupt Japan, not knowing that the Japanese government had a huge cache of dollars fraudulently hidden in New York. Once discovered, Japan scrambled to extract the money. But, Miller explains, in July 1941 President Roosevelt invoked a long-forgotten clause of the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 to freeze Japan s dollars and forbade it to sell its hoard of gold to the U.S. Treasury, the only open gold market after 1939. Roosevelt s temporary gambit to bring Japan to its senses, not its knees, was thwarted, however, by opportunistic bureaucrats. Dean Acheson, his handpicked administrator, slyly maneuvered to deny Japan the dollars needed to buy oil and other resources for war and for economic survival. Miller's lucid writing and thorough understanding of the complexities of international finance enable readers unfamiliar with financial concepts and terminology to grasp his explanation of the impact of U.S. economic policies on Japan. His review of thirty-seven studies of Japan's resource deficiencies begs the question of why no U.S. agency calculated the impact of the freeze on Japan's overall economy. His analysis of a massive OSS-State Department study of prewar Japan clearly demonstrates that the deprivations facing the Japanese people were the country to remain in financial limbo buttressed its choice of war at Pearl Harbor. Such a well-documented study is certain to be recognized for its significant contributions to the historiography of the origins of the Pacific War.
Author : Frederick D. Parker,Center for History Publisher : CreateSpace Page : 104 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2012-07-31 Category : Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941 ISBN : 1478344296
Pearl Harbor Revisited by Frederick D. Parker,Center for History Pdf
This is the story of the U.S. Navy's communications intelligence (COMINT) effort between 1924 and 1941. It races the building of a program, under the Director of Naval Communications (OP-20), which extracted both radio and traffic intelligence from foreign military, commercial, and diplomatic communications. It shows the development of a small but remarkable organization (OP-20-G) which, by 1937, could clearly see the military, political, and even the international implications of effective cryptography and successful cryptanalysis at a time when radio communications were passing from infancy to childhood and Navy war planning was restricted to tactical situations. It also illustrates an organization plagues from its inception by shortages in money, manpower, and equipment, total absence of a secure, dedicated communications system, little real support or tasking from higher command authorities, and major imbalances between collection and processing capabilities. It explains how, in 1941, as a result of these problems, compounded by the stresses and exigencies of the time, the effort misplaced its focus from Japanese Navy traffic to Japanese diplomatic messages. Had Navy cryptanalysts been ordered to concentrate on the Japanese naval messages rather than Japanese diplomatic traffic, the United States would have had a much clearer picture of the Japanese military buildup and, with the warning provided by these messages, might have avoided the disaster of Pearl Harbor.
In the days before the attack on Pearl Harbor, eyes in America were focused on the war in Europe or distracted by the elevated mood sweeping the country in the final days of the Great Depression. But when planes dropped out of a clear blue sky and bombed the American naval base and aerial targets in Hawaii, all of that changed. December 1941 takes readers into the moment-by-moment ordeal of a nation waking to war. Best-selling author Craig Shirley celebrates the American spirit while reconstructing the events that called it to shine with rare and piercing light. By turns nostalgic and critical, he puts readers on the ground in the stir and the thick of the action. Relying on daily news reports from around the country and recently declassified government papers, Shirley sheds light on the crucial diplomatic exchanges leading up to the attack, the policies on internment of Japanese living in the U.S. after the assault, and the near-total overhaul of the U.S. economy for war. Shirley paints a compelling portrait of pre-war American culture: the fashion, the celebrities, the pastimes. And his portrait of America at war is just as vivid: heroism, self-sacrifice, mass military enlistments, national unity and resolve, and the prodigious talents of Hollywood and Tin Pan Alley aimed at the Axis Powers, as well as the more troubling price-controls and rationing, federal economic takeover, and censorship. Featuring colorful personalities such as Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull, and General Douglas MacArthur, December 1941 highlights a period of profound change in American government, foreign and domestic policy, law, economics, and business, chronicling the developments day by day through that singular and momentous month. December 1941 features surprising revelations, amusing anecdotes, and heart-wrenching stories, and also explores the unique religious and spiritual dimension of a culture under assault on the eve of Christmas. Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the closest thing to war for the Americans was uncoordinated, mediocre war games in South Carolina. Less than thirty days later, by the end of December 1941, the nation was involved in a pitched battle for the preservation of its very way of life, a battle that would forever change the nation and the world.
Pearl Harbor Declassified by James M. D’Angelo Pdf
Did President Roosevelt and other high-ranking U.S. government officials know about Japanese plans to attack Pearl Harbor, and fail to warn U.S. Navy leadership? Drawing on recently declassified materials and revelations from other writers, this book traces the flow of intelligence and concludes the imminent attack was allowed to happen to win the support of the American public in a war against Japan. An epilogue describes the fate of Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, the intelligence he received from Washington before the attack, and the intelligence he did not.
Betrayal at Pearl Harbor by James Rusbridger,Eric Nave Pdf
Examines events and Japanese naval code transmissions preceding the attack on Pearl Harbor to raise new questions concerning Winston Churchill's advance knowledge of the attack.
Prophetic when first published, even more relevant now, Wedge is the classic, definitive story of the secret war America has waged against itself. Based on scores of interviews with former spies and thousands of declassified documents, Wedge reveals and re-creates -- battle by battle, bungle by bungle -- the epic clash that has made America uniquely vulnerable to its enemies. For more than six decades, the opposed and overlapping missions of the FBI and CIA -- and the rival personalities of cops and spies -- have caused fistfights and turf tangles, breakdowns and cover-ups, public scandals and tragic deaths. A grand panorama of dramatic episodes, peopled by picaresque secret agents from Ian Fleming to Oliver North, Wedge is both a journey and a warning. From Pearl Harbor, McCarthyism, and the plots to kill Castro through the JFK assassination, Watergate, and Iran Contra down to the Aldrich Ames affair, Robert Hanssen's treachery, and the hunt for Al Qaeda -- Wedge shows the price America has paid for its failure to resolve the conflict between law enforcement and intelligence. Gripping and authoritative -- and updated with an important new epilogue, carrying the action through to September 11, 2001 -- Wedge is the only book about the schism that has informed nearly every major blunder in American espionage.
NSA Secrets Declassified by National Security Agency (NSA),U. S. Government Pdf
This important compilation of NSA publications and documents provides truly unique insights into the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor which led to American involvement in World War II. As a bonus, we've included our new intelligence title, 2015 U.S. Intelligence Community Worldwide Threat Assessment. Three documents are featured: United States Cryptologic History: Pearl Harbor Revisited: U.S. Navy Communications Intelligence 1924-1941, West Wind Clear: Cryptology and the Winds Message Controversy - A Documentary History, and NSA Pearl Harbor Reviews.United States Cryptologic History: Pearl Harbor Revisited: U.S. Navy Communications Intelligence 1924-1941: Foreword * Introduction * Earliest Efforts * Role of ONI * Early War Plans * Japanese Fleet Capabilities and Intentions * Cryptologic Challenge: Navy-Army Cooperation * Bureaucracy Prevails * Status Quo in the Pacific * A New Attempt at Cooperation * Japanese Cryptography * Recovering the "Blue Book" * Introducing JN-25 * Turning Victory into Defeat * Introducing "Purple" * Disarmament: Paying the Price * Confusing Diplomacy * Struggling for Resources * Planning for War * War Games * Pacific Buildup * National Emergency * Circumstances Favor Diplomatic Targets * Information Gaps * Cooperation with Allies * The Move to Hawaii * Support to the Pacific Fleet * Japanese Intentions Revealed * Support to Asiatic Fleet * Japanese Strategy * Japanese Navy * Diplomatic Messages * Warning Messages * Reaction * COMINT after the Opening Attack * Conclusion * Appendix A: Naval Messages Intercepted between 5 September and 4 December 1941 * Appendix B: Summary of Diplomatic Messages July-November 1941 * Appendix C: Highlights from COM-14 Daily COMINT Summary * Notes * Abbreviations Used * Notes on Sources BibliographyWest Wind Clear: Cryptology and the Winds Message Controversy - A Documentary History: Chapter 1: Background: Interwar U.S. - Japan Relations and Cryptology * United States-Japan Relations, 1919-1940 * (Japanese Diplomatic and Naval Cryptology and American Codebreaking between the Wars) * United States - Japan Relations Worsen, 1940-1941 * Chapter 2: Intercepted Japanese Diplomatic Messages Reveal a Warning System, 19 November-28 November 1941 * The Cryptography of the J-19 System * Japan Fields a New Diplomatic Manual Cryptographic System * The Americans Solve the New Manual System November 19: Japanese Message #2353 - The First Winds Instruction Message * November 19: Japanese Message #2354 - The Second Winds Instruction Message * Chapter 3: The Hunt for the Winds Execute Message, 28 November -- 7 December 1941 * The Search Begins -- 28 November 1941 * Tokyo Sends More Instructions about Destroying Cryptographic Material * The Hidden Word Message -- A Complement to the Winds Messages * Tokyo Sends Even More Instructions, 28 November-6 December * 7 December 1941: The Hidden Word Message Is Sent * 7 December 1941: The Winds Execute Message Is Sent * Chapter 4: The Winds Controversy: Myth and Reality * Captain Laurance Safford -- In the Eye of the Controversy * Safford Searches for the Missing Winds Execute Message * Safford's Detailed Claim about the Winds Execute Message -- February 1946 * Examining Safford's Version(s) of Events * The Intercept of the Winds Execute Message * Actions Taken in the Aftermath of the Winds Execute Message * Who Saw the Winds Execute Intercept or Translation? * The Matter of Missing or Destroyed Records * Some Observations on Captain Laurance Safford * The Case of Captain Alwin Kramer's Changing Testimony * What the Japanese Said about the Winds Execute Message * What the British and Dutch Radio Monitors Heard * The Winds Controversy Resurfaces -- Ralph Briggs' Claim * The Winds Execute: The Final Casting * Afterword: The Winds Message, American Cryptology and History * The Impact and Intelligence Value of the Winds Messages
"And I was There" by Edwin T. Layton,Roger Pineau,John Costello Pdf
The late Admiral Layton, who was the fleet intelligence officer for Admiral Nimitz through out World War II, describes the breakdown in the intelligence process prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and shares his experiences witnessing feuding among high-level naval officers in Washington that contributed to Japan's successful attack. Black-and-wh