Philosophy Of Open Science

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Open Science: the Very Idea

Frank Miedema
Open Science the Very Idea Book PDF

Author : Frank Miedema
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789402421156

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Open Science: the Very Idea by Frank Miedema Pdf

This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable ‘objective’ knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia.

Philosophy of Open Science

Sabina Leonelli
Philosophy of Open Science Book PDF

Author : Sabina Leonelli
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781009416405

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Philosophy of Open Science by Sabina Leonelli Pdf

This Element proposes to frame openness in the Open Science [OS] movement as the effort to establish judicious connections among systems of practice, predicated on a process-oriented view of research as a tool for effective and responsible agency. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Open

Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener
Open Book PDF

Author : Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener
Publisher : Ubiquity Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781911529019

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Open by Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener Pdf

Affordable education. Transparent science. Accessible scholarship. These ideals are slowly becoming a reality thanks to the open education, open science, and open access movements. Running separate—if parallel—courses, they all share a philosophy of equity, progress, and justice. This book shares the stories, motives, insights, and practical tips from global leaders in the open movement.

Practical Applications of the Philosophy of Science

Peter Truran
Practical Applications of the Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Peter Truran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319004525

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Practical Applications of the Philosophy of Science by Peter Truran Pdf

Explores the practical applicability of the philosophy of science to scientific research, but also considers its relevance to practice within the realms of technology, design, crafts, and even within the world of arts and the humanities. The attempt to engage working scientists with the issues raised by the philosophy of science may profitably be extended to examine its applicability to any other fields of knowledge that encompass a problem-solving dimension. Drawing on his experience as a research and development scientist in the biomedical device industry, the author shows how the principles of the philosophy of science illuminate the research process. The book is structured on the concept of the inspirational text; it consists of short chapters, each of which provides an accessible discussion of an aspect of the philosophy of science. Each chapter concludes with a list of practical pointers towards the development of attitudes and skills which will benefit the student researcher. ​

Integrating History and Philosophy of Science

Seymour Mauskopf,Tad Schmaltz
Integrating History and Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Seymour Mauskopf,Tad Schmaltz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400717459

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Integrating History and Philosophy of Science by Seymour Mauskopf,Tad Schmaltz Pdf

Though the publication of Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions seemed to herald the advent of a unified study of the history and philosophy of science, it is a hard fact that history of science and philosophy of science have increasingly grown apart. Recently, however, there has been a series of workshops on both sides of the Atlantic (called '&HPS') intended to bring historians and philosophers of science together to discuss new integrative approaches. This is therefore an especially appropriate time to explore the problems with and prospects for integrating history and philosophy of science. The original essays in this volume, all from specialists in the history of science or philosophy of science, offer such an exploration from a wide variety of perspectives. The volume combines general reflections on the current state of history and philosophy of science with studies of the relation between the two disciplines in specific historical and scientific cases.

Empirical Philosophy of Science

Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen
Empirical Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319186009

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Empirical Philosophy of Science by Susann Wagenknecht,Nancy J. Nersessian,Hanne Andersen Pdf

The book examines the emerging approach of using qualitative methods, such as interviews and field observations, in the philosophy of science. Qualitative methods are gaining popularity among philosophers of science as more and more scholars are resorting to empirical work in their study of scientific practices. At the same time, the results produced through empirical work are quite different from those gained through the kind of introspective conceptual analysis more typical of philosophy. This volume explores the benefits and challenges of an empirical philosophy of science and addresses questions such as: What do philosophers gain from empirical work? How can empirical research help to develop philosophical concepts? How do we integrate philosophical frameworks and empirical research? What constraints do we accept when choosing an empirical approach? What constraints does a pronounced theoretical focus impose on empirical work? Nine experts discuss their thoughts and empirical results in the chapters of this book with the aim of providing readers with an answer to these questions.

History of Philosophy of Science

M. Heidelberger,F. Stadler
History of Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : M. Heidelberger,F. Stadler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 635 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401717854

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History of Philosophy of Science by M. Heidelberger,F. Stadler Pdf

This volume includes recent contributions to the philosophy of science from a historical point of view and of the highest topicality: the range of the topics covers all fields in the philosophy of the science provided by authors from around the world focusing on ancient, modern and contemporary periods in the development of the science philosophy. This proceedings is for the scientific community and students at graduate level as well as postdocs in this interdisciplinary field of research.

Scientific Philosophy

Gustavo E. Romero
Scientific Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Gustavo E. Romero
Publisher : Springer
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319976310

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Scientific Philosophy by Gustavo E. Romero Pdf

This textbook presents the basics of philosophy that are necessary for the student and researcher in science in order to better understand scientific work. The approach is not historical but formative: tools for semantical analysis, ontology of science, epistemology, and scientific ethics are presented in a formal and direct way. The book has two parts: one with the general theory and a second part with application to some problems such as the interpretation of quantum mechanics, the nature of mathematics, and the ontology of spacetime. The book addresses questions such as "What is meaning?", "What is truth?", "What are truth criteria in science?", "What is a theory?", "What is a model?" "What is a datum?", "What is information?", "What does it mean to understand something?", "What is space?", "What is time?", "How are these concepts articulated in science?" "What are values?" "What are the limits of science?", and many more. The philosophical views presented are "scientific" in the sense that they are informed by current science, they are relevant for scientific research, and the method adopted uses the hypothetical-deductive approach that is characteristic of science. The results and conclusions, as any scientific conclusion, are open to revision in the light of future advances. Hence, this philosophical approach opposes to dogmatic philosophy. Supported by end-of-chapter summaries and a list of special symbols used, the material will be of interest for students and researchers in both science and philosophy. The second part will appeal to physicists and mathematicians.

Data-Centric Biology

Sabina Leonelli
Data Centric Biology Book PDF

Author : Sabina Leonelli
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226416502

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Data-Centric Biology by Sabina Leonelli Pdf

In recent decades, there has been a major shift in the way researchers process and understand scientific data. Digital access to data has revolutionized ways of doing science in the biological and biomedical fields, leading to a data-intensive approach to research that uses innovative methods to produce, store, distribute, and interpret huge amounts of data. In Data-Centric Biology, Sabina Leonelli probes the implications of these advancements and confronts the questions they pose. Are we witnessing the rise of an entirely new scientific epistemology? If so, how does that alter the way we study and understand life—including ourselves? Leonelli is the first scholar to use a study of contemporary data-intensive science to provide a philosophical analysis of the epistemology of data. In analyzing the rise, internal dynamics, and potential impact of data-centric biology, she draws on scholarship across diverse fields of science and the humanities—as well as her own original empirical material—to pinpoint the conditions under which digitally available data can further our understanding of life. Bridging the divide between historians, sociologists, and philosophers of science, Data-Centric Biology offers a nuanced account of an issue that is of fundamental importance to our understanding of contemporary scientific practices.

Philosophy of Science for Scientists

Lars-Göran Johansson
Philosophy of Science for Scientists Book PDF

Author : Lars-Göran Johansson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319265513

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Philosophy of Science for Scientists by Lars-Göran Johansson Pdf

This textbook offers an introduction to the philosophy of science. It helps undergraduate students from the natural, the human and social sciences to gain an understanding of what science is, how it has developed, what its core traits are, how to distinguish between science and pseudo-science and to discover what a scientific attitude is. It argues against the common assumption that there is fundamental difference between natural and human science, with natural science being concerned with testing hypotheses and discovering natural laws, and the aim of human and some social sciences being to understand the meanings of individual and social group actions. Instead examines the similarities between the sciences and shows how the testing of hypotheses and doing interpretation/hermeneutics are similar activities. The book makes clear that lessons from natural scientists are relevant to students and scholars within the social and human sciences, and vice versa. It teaches its readers how to effectively demarcate between science and pseudo-science and sets criteria for true scientific thinking. Divided into three parts, the book first examines the question What is Science? It describes the evolution of science, defines knowledge, and explains the use of and need for hypotheses and hypothesis testing. The second half of part I deals with scientific data and observation, qualitative data and methods, and ends with a discussion of theories on the development of science. Part II offers philosophical reflections on four of the most important con cepts in science: causes, explanations, laws and models. Part III presents discussions on philosophy of mind, the relation between mind and body, value-free and value-related science, and reflections on actual trends in science.

Data Journeys in the Sciences

Sabina Leonelli,Niccolò Tempini
Data Journeys in the Sciences Book PDF

Author : Sabina Leonelli,Niccolò Tempini
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030371777

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Data Journeys in the Sciences by Sabina Leonelli,Niccolò Tempini Pdf

This groundbreaking, open access volume analyses and compares data practices across several fields through the analysis of specific cases of data journeys. It brings together leading scholars in the philosophy, history and social studies of science to achieve two goals: tracking the travel of data across different spaces, times and domains of research practice; and documenting how such journeys affect the use of data as evidence and the knowledge being produced. The volume captures the opportunities, challenges and concerns involved in making data move from the sites in which they are originally produced to sites where they can be integrated with other data, analysed and re-used for a variety of purposes. The in-depth study of data journeys provides the necessary ground to examine disciplinary, geographical and historical differences and similarities in data management, processing and interpretation, thus identifying the key conditions of possibility for the widespread data sharing associated with Big and Open Data. The chapters are ordered in sections that broadly correspond to different stages of the journeys of data, from their generation to the legitimisation of their use for specific purposes. Additionally, the preface to the volume provides a variety of alternative “roadmaps” aimed to serve the different interests and entry points of readers; and the introduction provides a substantive overview of what data journeys can teach about the methods and epistemology of research.

Science, Philosophy and Sustainability

Angela Guimaraes Pereira,Silvio Funtowicz
Science Philosophy and Sustainability Book PDF

Author : Angela Guimaraes Pereira,Silvio Funtowicz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317634560

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Science, Philosophy and Sustainability by Angela Guimaraes Pereira,Silvio Funtowicz Pdf

For science to remain a legitimate and trustworthy source of knowledge, society will have to engage in the collective processes of knowledge co-production, which not only includes science, but also other types of knowledge. This process of change has to include a new commitment to knowledge creation and transmission and its role in a plural society. This book proposes to consider new ways in which science can be used to sustain our planet and enrich our lives. It helps to release and reactivate social responsibility within contemporary science and technology. It reviews critically relevant cases of contemporary scientific practice within the Cartesian paradigm, relabelled as 'innovation research', promoted as essential for the progress and well-being of humanity, and characterised by high capital investment, centralised control of funding and quality, exclusive expertise, and a reductionism that is philosophical as well as methodological. This is an accessible and relevant book for scholars in Science and Technology Studies, History and Philosophy of Science, and Science, Engineering and Technology Ethics. Providing an array of concrete examples, it supports scientists, engineers and technical experts, as well as policy-makers and other non-technical professionals working with science and technology to re-direct their approach to global problems, in a more integrative, self-reflective and humble direction.

The Philosophy of Science

Anouk Barberousse,Denis Bonnay,Mikael Cozic
The Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Anouk Barberousse,Denis Bonnay,Mikael Cozic
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190690656

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The Philosophy of Science by Anouk Barberousse,Denis Bonnay,Mikael Cozic Pdf

Philosophy of science studies the methods, theories, and concepts used by scientists. It mainly developed as a field in its own right during the twentieth century and is now a diversified and lively research area. This book surveys the current state of the discipline by focusing on central themes like confirmation of scientific hypotheses, scientific explanation, causality, the relationship between science and metaphysics, scientific change, the relationship between philosophy of science and science studies, the role of theories and models, unity of science. These themes define general philosophy of science. The book also presents sub-disciplines in the philosophy of science dealing with the main sciences: logic, mathematics, physics, biology, medicine, cognitive science, linguistics, social sciences, and economics. While it is common to address the specific philosophical problems raised by physics and biology in such a book, the place assigned to the philosophy of special sciences is much more unusual. Most authors collaborate on a regular basis in their research or teaching and share a common vision of philosophy of science and its place within philosophy and academia in general. The chapters have been written in close accordance with the three editors, thus achieving strong unity of style and tone.

Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception

Maurice Mandelbaum
Philosophy Science and Sense Perception Book PDF

Author : Maurice Mandelbaum
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781421431703

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Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception by Maurice Mandelbaum Pdf

Originally published in 1964. In four essays, Professor Mandelbaum challenges some of the most common assumptions of contemporary epistemology. Through historical analyses and critical argument, he attempts to show that one cannot successfully sever the connections between philosophic and scientific accounts of sense perception. While each essay is independent of the others, and the argument of each must therefore be judged on its own merits, one theme is common to all: that critical realism, as Mandelbaum calls it, is a viable epistemological position, even though some schools of thought hold it in low esteem.

Philosophy of Science for Biologists

Kostas Kampourakis,Tobias Uller
Philosophy of Science for Biologists Book PDF

Author : Kostas Kampourakis,Tobias Uller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108491839

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Philosophy of Science for Biologists by Kostas Kampourakis,Tobias Uller Pdf

A short and accessible introduction to philosophy of science for students and researchers across the life sciences.