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Plant Evolution and the Origin of Crop Species by James F. Hancock Pdf
This book is divided into two parts. Part 1 deals with the evolutionary processes, describing the chromosome structure, genetic variation, multifactorial genome, polyploidy, gene duplication and speciation. Part 2 deals with the origins of agriculture and the dynamics of plant domestication, covering some cereal grains, protein plants, starchy staple and sugar crops, as well as fruit, vegetable, fibre and oil crops. A chapter on ex situ and in situ conservation of germplasm resources is included.
Plant Evolution and the Origin of Crop Species by Ravikiran Vasant Mane Pdf
Evolution is the force that shapes our living world. Countless different kinds of plants and animals pack the earth and each species is itself composed of a wide range of morphologies and adaptations. These species are continually being modified as they face the realities of their particular environments. In its simplest sense, evolution can be defined as a change in gene frequency over time. Genetic variability is produced by mutation and then that variability is shuffled and sorted by the various evolutionary forces. It does not matter whether the species are cultivated or wild, the basic evolutionary processes are the same.
The Origin and Domestication of Cultivated Plants by C. Barigozzi Pdf
This book consists of the proceedings of a symposium organized by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome. The proceedings are unusual in that it is a rare event to see archaeologists and geneticists coming together to discuss the connection between historical facts and biological phenomena. The aim of the symposium was to discuss the origin of some important cultivated plants (wheat, maize, barley, oat, legumes and fruit trees) not only in relation to genetical mechanisms but also as a complex of historical facts recognizable through archaeological research.This international Meeting based on interdisciplinary concepts, met with a prompt and positive reaction from all those specialists invited to attend. The book itself is an unparalleled contribution to the interdisciplinary knowledge on the origin of crop plants and agriculture.
Plant Evolution under Domestication by Gideon Ladizinsky Pdf
This book emerged from a series of lectures on crop evolution at the Faculty of Agriculture of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. While many textbooks are available on general evolution, only a few deal with evolution under domestication. This book is a modest attempt to bridge this gap. It was written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of crop evolution, ethnobotany, plant breeding and related subjects. Evolution under domestication is unique in the general field of plant evolution for three main reasons: (a) it is recent, having started not much more than 10 000 years ago with the emergence of agri culture; (b) the original plant material, i. e. the wild progenitors of many important crop plants, still grow in their natural habitats; (c) man played in this process. These factors enable a more reliable a major role assessment of the impact of different evolutionary forces such as hybridization, migration, selection and drift under new circumstances. Interestingly, a great part of evolution under domestication has been unconscious and a result of agricultural practices which have created a new selection criteria, mostly against characters favored by natural selec tion. Introducing crop plants to new territories exposed them to different ecological conditions enhancing selection for new characters. Diversity in characters associated with crop plants evolution is virtually absent in theit wild progenitors and most of it has evolved under domestication.
Author : Karl J. Niklas Publisher : University of Chicago Press Page : 590 pages File Size : 50,5 Mb Release : 2016-08-12 Category : Science ISBN : 9780226342283
Although plants comprise more than 90% of all visible life, and land plants and algae collectively make up the most morphologically, physiologically, and ecologically diverse group of organisms on earth, books on evolution instead tend to focus on animals. This organismal bias has led to an incomplete and often erroneous understanding of evolutionary theory. Because plants grow and reproduce differently than animals, they have evolved differently, and generally accepted evolutionary views—as, for example, the standard models of speciation—often fail to hold when applied to them. Tapping such wide-ranging topics as genetics, gene regulatory networks, phenotype mapping, and multicellularity, as well as paleobotany, Karl J. Niklas’s Plant Evolution offers fresh insight into these differences. Following up on his landmark book The Evolutionary Biology of Plants—in which he drew on cutting-edge computer simulations that used plants as models to illuminate key evolutionary theories—Niklas incorporates data from more than a decade of new research in the flourishing field of molecular biology, conveying not only why the study of evolution is so important, but also why the study of plants is essential to our understanding of evolutionary processes. Niklas shows us that investigating the intricacies of plant development, the diversification of early vascular land plants, and larger patterns in plant evolution is not just a botanical pursuit: it is vital to our comprehension of the history of all life on this green planet.
H. Thomas Stalker,Marilyn L. Warburton,Jack R. Harlan
Author : H. Thomas Stalker,Marilyn L. Warburton,Jack R. Harlan Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 320 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2021-04-06 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780891186366
Harlan's Crops and Man by H. Thomas Stalker,Marilyn L. Warburton,Jack R. Harlan Pdf
A scientific and historical study of crops and their age-old relationship with human civilization The cultivation and harvesting of crops have been at the heart of human culture and development for thousands of years. As we have grown from hunter-gatherers into agrarian societies and industrial economies, our ongoing relationship with the plants that feed us and support our manufacturing has also evolved. So too, of course, have those plants themselves, with the combined forces of shifting climates, selective plant breeding, and genetic modification all working to alter their existence in profound and fascinating ways. Coming some 30 years after its previous incarnation, the third edition of Harlan’s Crops and Man marks an exciting re-examination of this rich topic. Its chapters lay out the foundations of crop diversity as we know it, covering topics that range from taxonomy and domestication to the origins of agricultural practices and their possible futures. Highlights include: Archeological and anthropological studies of agriculture’s history and development Detailed examinations of the histories and classifications of both crops and weeds Explanations of taxonomic systems, gene pools, and plant evolution Studies of specific crops by geographical region Updated to include the latest data and research available, this new edition of Harlan’s Crops and Man offers an illuminating exploration of agricultural history to all those engaged with plant science and the cultivation of crops.
Darwin's Harvest by Timothy J. Motley,Nyree Zerega,Hugh B. Cross Pdf
Al-Jazeera and other satellite television stations have transformed Arab politics over the last decade. By shattering state control over information and giving a platform to long-stifled voices, these new Arab media have challenged the status quo by encouraging open debate about Iraq, Palestine, Islamism, Arab identity, and other vital political and social issues. These public arguments have redefined what it means to be Arab and reshaped the realm of political possibility. As Marc Lynch shows, the days of monolithic Arab opinion are over. How Arab governments and the United States engage this newly confident and influential public sphere will profoundly shape the future of the Arab world. Marc Lynch draws on interviews conducted in the Middle East and analyses of Arab satellite television programs, op-ed pages, and public opinion polls to examine the nature, evolution, and influence of the new Arab public sphere. Lynch, who pays close attention to what is actually being said and talked about in the Arab world, takes the contentious issue of Iraq-which has divided Arabs like no other issue-to show how the media revolutionized the formation and expression of public opinion. He presents detailed discussions of Arab arguments about sanctions and the 2003 British and American invasion and occupation of Iraq. While Arabs strongly disagreed about Saddam's regime, they increasingly saw the effects of sanctions as a potent symbol of the suffering of all Arabs. Anger and despair over these sanctions shaped Arab views of America, their governments, and themselves. Lynch also suggests how the United States can develop and improve its engagement with the Arab public sphere. He argues that the United States should move beyond treating the Arab public sphere as either an enemy to be defeated or an object to be manipulated via public relations. Instead of wasting vast sums of money on a satellite television station nobody watches, the United States should enter the public sphere as it really exists.
The Evolution of Plants by Kathy Willis,Jennifer McElwain Pdf
Blends evidence from the fossil record and data from biomolecular studies to tell the story of plant evolution from the earliest forms of life to the present day. Its straightforward explanations and clear illustrations provide the most accessible introduction to plant evolution available.
Life History Evolution in Plants by Timo Olavi Vuorisalo,P. Mutikainen Pdf
In the last two decades, research on plant life-histories has made impressive progress. Nevertheless, an up-to-date overview, covering all the main branches of plant life-history research, has been lacking. The purpose of the present volume is to fill this gap in the current ecological literature. The ten chapters cover a wide range of topics, including genetic variation in life-history traits, modularity, resource and sex allocation, effects of pathogens and herbivores on life-history traits, evolution of dispersal, senescence, and important methods used in plant life-history research (including demographic and optimality models, and game theory). All authors are leading experts in their fields, and the book is recommended as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate levels.
