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Nuclear techniques are critical in the exploration for oil and in the control of oil wells, and intrinsic to uranium exploration. This volume includes comprehensive review articles by internationally eminent scientists and engineers, on a wide variety of techniques and applications in the area of nuclear geophysics, including important new techniques and equipment being developed for use in the metalliferous and industrial minerals industries. Also included is a description of neutron interaction methods now being introduced to give a total elemental analysis, calorific value and ash-content, on-line.
Principles of Nuclear Radiation Detection by Geoffrey G. Eichholz Pdf
This book is intended for senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students in physics, nuclear engineering, health physics and nuclear medicine, and for specialized training courses for radiation protection personnel and environmental safety engineers.To keep the size of the book manageable, material has been selected to stress those detectors that are in widespread use. Attempts have also been made to emphasize alternatives available in approaching various measurement problems and to present the criteria by which a choice among these alternatives may be made.
Nuclear Methods in Science and Technology by Yuri M. Tsipenyuk Pdf
The application of nuclear physics methods is now widespread throughout physics, chemistry, metallurgy, biology, clinical medicine, geology, and archaeology. Accelerators, reactors, and various instruments that have developed together with nuclear physics have often been found to offer the basis for increasingly productive and more sensitive analytical techniques. Nuclear Methods in Science and Technology provides scientists and engineers with a clear understanding of the basic principles of nuclear methods and their potential for applications in a wide range of disciplines. The first part of the book covers the major points of basic theory and experimental methods of nuclear physics, emphasizing concepts and simple models that give a feel for the behavior of real systems. Using many examples, the second part illustrates the extraordinary possibilities offered by nuclear methods. It covers the Mossbauer effect, slow neutron physics, activation analysis, radiography, nuclear geochronology, channeling effects, nuclear microprobe, and numerous other topics in modern applied nuclear physics. The book explores applications such as tomography, the use of short-lived isotopes in clinical diagnoses, and nuclear physics in ecology and agriculture. Where alternative nonnuclear analytical techniques are available, the author compares the relevant nuclear method, enabling readers to judge which technique may be most useful for them. Complete with a bibliography and extensive reference list for readers who want to delve deeper into a particular topic, this book applies various methods of nuclear physics to a wide range of disciplines.
Nuclear Geophysics and Its Applications by International Atomic Energy Agency Pdf
This report aims at providing background information and a comprehensive account of the nature of nuclear geophysics, its fundamentals, its objectives, its tools for investigation and its wide range of applications benefiting society and industry. It reviews the achievements and performance of nuclear geophysical measurements, particularly in applications to mining, industry and agriculture. It also analyses many of these important applications for their economic impact and updates the available information on nuclear geophysics by giving an account of the most relevant achievements and concepts introduced during recent years.
Detecting Environmental Radioactivity by Manuel García-León Pdf
This textbook presents the principles and methods for the measurement of radioactivity in the environment. In this regard, specific low-level radiation counting and spectrometry or mass spectrometry techniques are discussed, including sources, distribution, levels and dynamics of radioactivity in nature. The author gives an accurate description of the fundamental concepts and laws of radioactivity as well as the different types of detectors and mass spectrometers needed for detection. Special attention is paid to scintillators, semiconductor detectors, and gas ionization detectors. In order to explain radiochemistry, some concepts about chemical separations are introduced as well. The book is meant for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry or engineering oriented to environmental sciences, and to other disciplines where monitoring of the environment and its management is of great interest.
The fundamentals of methods in nuclear geophysics and their practical applications in engineering geology, hydrology, hydrogeology, agriculture and environmental science are discussed in this book. The methods and apparatus based on absorption and scattering of gamma and neutron radiation for determination of density and soil moisture in natural conditions are presented in Chapters 2, 3, and 4. The theoretical fundamentals and installations of the penetration logging techniques where gamma, gamma-gamma and neutron logging in combination with static penetration form common complexes for engineering geology and hydrogeology exploration without boring holes are described. The developed constructions and practical use penetration logging installations for applications on land and marine shelves are described in Chapters 5, 6, 7, and 8. The physical fundamentals for the use of the natural stable and radioactive isotopes for study of the global hydrological cycle are provided. The experimental data, origin and distribution of cosmogenic and radiogenic isotopes in the oceans, atmospheric moisture, surface and underground waters are presented in Chapters 9, 10, and 11. The sources and conditions of the radioactive contamination of the natural waters are discussed in Chapters 12 and 13. This book will be of interest to scientists and researchers who use nuclear geophysics methods in engineering geology, hydrology, hydrogeology and hydrogeoecology. Lecturers, students, and postgraduates in these subjects will also find it useful.
Geophysical Field Theory and Method, Part A by Anonim Pdf
An essential book for all students and scientists in the field, Part A of Geophysical Field Theory and Method describes the physical and mathematical principles of geophysical methods, specifically the behavior of gravitational, electrical, and magnetic fields. The broader use of these methods underlines the far-reaching appeal of this book. Oil and mineral prospecting, solving groundwater and engineering problems, and well-logging are just some of the activities which involve geophysical methods. Parts B and C will be devoted to the theory of fields and applied to electromagnetic, seismic, nuclear, and geothermal methods. Presents physical principles of geophysical methods Covers physical laws which govern field behavior and their areas of application Examines the influence of a medium on a field, and the distribution of field generators Presents formulation of conditions when physical laws cannot be used directly for field calculations Examines systems of field equations and their neccesity when some of the field generators are unknown Explains the formulation of boundary value problems and their importance in determining the field Features auxiliary fields and their role in field theory Presents approximate methods of field calculation
