Psychophysical Approaches To Cognition

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Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition

D. Algom
Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition Book PDF

Author : D. Algom
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 639 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1992-08-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780080867465

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Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition by D. Algom Pdf

Our lives are informed by perceptual and cognitive processes at all levels, from instrumental learning to metaphorical discourse to memorial representation. Yet, historically, these two branches of experimental psychology, perception and cognition, have developed separately using independent methods of experimentation and analysis. This volume is motivated by the assumption that a fundamental integration of the two fields is fruitful methodologically and indispensable theoretically. It explores how the notion of psychophysics aligned with cognitive processes shapes the study of perception and cognition, and illuminates a variety of contemporary research issues from a novel theoretical perspective. The papers raise conceptual and metatheoretical issues against the background of relevant empirical data. The authors provide a virtually narrative account of the most recent developments in their respective fields of expertise in psychophysics and cognitive psychology. Hence, this volume gives the interested reader an opportunity to reflect critically upon some of the current issues defining the two domains and their conjunction. Topics discussed include the psychology and psychophysics of similarity, the psychophysics of visual memory and cognitive factors in judgment. The emerging notion of cognitive psychophysics may well warrant the attention of experts in the field.

Psychophysics Beyond Sensation

Christian Kaernbach,Erich Schr”ger,Hermann M ller,Hermann Muller,Erich Schroger
Psychophysics Beyond Sensation Book PDF

Author : Christian Kaernbach,Erich Schr”ger,Hermann M ller,Hermann Muller,Erich Schroger
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2004-05-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135633660

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Psychophysics Beyond Sensation by Christian Kaernbach,Erich Schr”ger,Hermann M ller,Hermann Muller,Erich Schroger Pdf

This volume presents a series of studies that expand laws, invariants, and principles of psychophysics beyond its classical domain of sensation. This book's goal is to demonstrate the extent of the domain of psychophysics, ranging from sensory processes, through sensory memory and short-term memory issues, to the interaction between sensation and action. The dynamics and timing of human performance are a further important issue within this extended framework of psychophysics: Given the similarity of the various cortical areas in terms of their neuroanatomical structure, it is an important question whether this similarity is paralleled by a similarity of processes. These issues are addressed by the contributions in the present volume using state-of-the-art research methods in behavioral research, psychophysiology, and mathematical modeling. The book is divided into four sections. Part I presents contributions concerning the classical domain of psychophysical judgment. The next two parts are concerned with elementary and higher-order processes and the concluding section deals with psychophysical models. The sections are introduced by guest editorials contributed by independent authors. These editorials present the authors' personals view on the respective section, providing an integrated account of the various contributions or highlighting their focus of interest among them. While also voicing their own and sometimes different point of view, they contribute to the process of discussion that makes science so exciting. This volume should be of great interest to advanced students in neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, neuropsychology, and related areas who seek to evaluate the range and power of psychological work today. Established scientists in those fields will also appreciate the variety of issues addressed within the same methodological framework and their multiple interconnections and stimulating "cross-talk."

Cognition, Information Processing, and Psychophysics

Hans-Georg Geissler
Cognition Information Processing and Psychophysics Book PDF

Author : Hans-Georg Geissler
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134993932

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Cognition, Information Processing, and Psychophysics by Hans-Georg Geissler Pdf

The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new appreciation of constraints that bind mental processes together. Thus, this volume spans an extraordinary range of psychological topics, from hermeneutics to the time-quantum basis for mental processes, in a way that would both amaze and delight Fechner. Moreover, the international reach of his pioneering ideas can be seen from the current locations of the contributors. The span from Japan to the United States to Holland to Germany and to Israel provides a global measure of Fechner's scientific legacy.

Cognition, Information Processing, and Psychophysics

Hans-Georg Geissler,Stephen W. Link,James T. Townsend
Cognition Information Processing and Psychophysics Book PDF

Author : Hans-Georg Geissler,Stephen W. Link,James T. Townsend
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134994007

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Cognition, Information Processing, and Psychophysics by Hans-Georg Geissler,Stephen W. Link,James T. Townsend Pdf

The plan for this volume emerged during the international Leipzig conference commemorating the centenary of the death of Gustav Fechner. The contributors suggested that while many features of modern psychological theory were anticipated by Fechner, many new theoretical approaches owe much more to him than often is realized. As such, they decided to honor Fechner by evaluating his own contribution to the founding of psychology and psychoanalysis, by deepening the foundations of psychological theories of consciousness, perception, and choice, and by using the analysis of time to create a new appreciation of constraints that bind mental processes together. Thus, this volume spans an extraordinary range of psychological topics, from hermeneutics to the time-quantum basis for mental processes, in a way that would both amaze and delight Fechner. Moreover, the international reach of his pioneering ideas can be seen from the current locations of the contributors. The span from Japan to the United States to Holland to Germany and to Israel provides a global measure of Fechner's scientific legacy.

Sensation and Judgment

John C. Baird
Sensation and Judgment Book PDF

Author : John C. Baird
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317779780

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Sensation and Judgment by John C. Baird Pdf

Psychophysical theory exists in two distinct forms -- one ascribes the explanation of phenomena and empirical laws to sensory processes. Context effects arising through the use of particular methods are an unwanted nuisance whose influence must be eliminated so that one isolates the "true" sensory scale. The other considers psychophysics only in terms of cognitive variables such as the judgment strategies induced by instructions and response biases. Sensory factors play a minor role in cognitive approaches. This work admits the validity of both forms of theory by arguing that the same empirical phenomena should be conceptualized in two alternative, apparently contradictory, ways. This acceptance of opposites is necessary because some empirical phenomena are best explained in terms of sensory processes, while others are best ascribed to central causes. The complementarity theory stresses the "mutually completing" nature of two distinct models. The first assigns importance to populations of sensory neurons acting in the aggregate and is formulated to deal with sensory effects. The second assigns importance to judgment uncertainty and to the subject strategies induced by experimental procedures. This model is formulated to explain context effects. Throughout the text, the exposition is interlaced with mathematics, graphs, and computer simulations designed to reveal the complementary nature of psychophysical explanations.

Visual Processing

Roger Watt
Visual Processing Book PDF

Author : Roger Watt
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2022-03-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317716440

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Visual Processing by Roger Watt Pdf

This highly original and interesting monograph puts forward ideas on visual processing and representation in the early stages of visual perception, and examines the computational requirements of the system and its psychological performance. Initially the author considers the computational theory of how the maximum amount of useful information about the scene can be registered from the variations in light intensity in the retinal image. He then goeson to address the question of just what it means to say that the visual system measures spatial aspects of the retinal image, and the consequences of the inevitable distortions that are introduced. He believes that the calculation of spatial position within a distorted metric is not trivial and requires dynamic processes with memory and control. Finally, Dr. Wan argues that the strength of the link between the low-level approaches of psychophysics and computational theory and high-level approaches of cognitive visual function lies in the logic of the arguments that indicate the computational need for control. This Essay will be of great interest to researchers in computer vision, perception, cognitive science and cognitive psychology.

Relational Psychophysics in Humans and Animals

Viktor Sarris
Relational Psychophysics in Humans and Animals Book PDF

Author : Viktor Sarris
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135420857

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Relational Psychophysics in Humans and Animals by Viktor Sarris Pdf

Relational Psychophysics in Humans and Animals offers a comprehensive and integrated overview of the often fragmented field of psychophysics. It introduces key concepts in psychophysics and clearly summarises and illustrates the central issues through telling examples. It combines empirical research and theoretical approaches from general psychophysics, animal psychophysics and human-infant psychophysics, to create a systematic comparison of these three key areas. Through out, Viktor Sarris makes a strong case for more comparative psychophysical research across different species and across different stages of development. He presents original research and examines frame-of-reference models, behavioural psychophysics, developmental psychophysics, perceptual-cognitive psychophysics and evolutionary perspectives, to create an integrated framework for the direction of new research. The book will be an invaluable aid for researchers in the fields of perception and psychophysics.

Analytic Approaches to Human Cognition

Jesus Alegria
Analytic Approaches to Human Cognition Book PDF

Author : Jesus Alegria
Publisher : North Holland
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015025291967

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Analytic Approaches to Human Cognition by Jesus Alegria Pdf

A large number of theoretical and experimental paradigms used contemporarily in the study of human cognition are illustrated in this book, which is written in honour of Professor Paul Bertelson and represents the most important facets of his research career. The twenty two chapters, written by outstanding specialists, are divided into six parts: Modular Systems, Language Perception and Production, Reading, Neuropsychology, Mental Chronometry and Psychophilosophical Issues.

Approaches to Cognition

Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson
Approaches to Cognition Book PDF

Author : Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317248163

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Approaches to Cognition by Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson Pdf

To the vast majority of academic psychologists in the 1980s, the study of cognition referred to that area of psychology known as ‘cognitive psychology’. The major basis of this area had been the computer metaphor with its accompanying notion of the individual as an information-processing system. Yet within the field the study of cognition is much broader and has a history that reaches into antiquity, whereas ‘cognitive psychology’ as information-processing psychology had only recently become the standard bearer of cognitive studies. One of the purposes of this volume, originally published in 1986, was to articulate some of the fundamental distinctions between and concordances among different orientations concerning the study of cognition. The collection includes chapters on information processing, ecological, Gestalt, physiological, and operant psychology.

The Psychophysics of Learning

John N. Moye Ph.D.
The Psychophysics of Learning Book PDF

Author : John N. Moye Ph.D.
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-06-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781801171151

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The Psychophysics of Learning by John N. Moye Ph.D. Pdf

The Psychophysics of Learning presents a learning system design approach that is formulated by the strategies and techniques the brain uses to process external information and make sense of that information to the learning ecology of all learners.

Modes of Perceiving and Processing Information

H. L. Pick, Jr.,E. Saltzman
Modes of Perceiving and Processing Information Book PDF

Author : H. L. Pick, Jr.,E. Saltzman
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-03-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317768920

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Modes of Perceiving and Processing Information by H. L. Pick, Jr.,E. Saltzman Pdf

First published in 1978. Since World War II the field of perception has developed in two major directions. The first evolved out of the traditional psychophysical approach and is manifest today in the new psychophysics. The second direction is in the increasing bond between the fields of perception and cognition. This volume grew out of the context of this second direction, a particular product of two workshops (held in the Spring of 1974 and 1975), organized by the Committee on Cognitive Research of the Social Science Research Council. The Committee on Cognition was organized in 1971 to encourage communication and interaction on specific problems in the area of cognition among the various social sciences.

Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception

Soledad Ballesteros
Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception Book PDF

Author : Soledad Ballesteros
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015033085732

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Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception by Soledad Ballesteros Pdf

First Published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Bayesian Cognitive Modeling

Michael D. Lee,Eric-Jan Wagenmakers
Bayesian Cognitive Modeling Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Lee,Eric-Jan Wagenmakers
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781107653917

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Bayesian Cognitive Modeling by Michael D. Lee,Eric-Jan Wagenmakers Pdf

Bayesian inference has become a standard method of analysis in many fields of science. Students and researchers in experimental psychology and cognitive science, however, have failed to take full advantage of the new and exciting possibilities that the Bayesian approach affords. Ideal for teaching and self study, this book demonstrates how to do Bayesian modeling. Short, to-the-point chapters offer examples, exercises, and computer code (using WinBUGS or JAGS, and supported by Matlab and R), with additional support available online. No advance knowledge of statistics is required and, from the very start, readers are encouraged to apply and adjust Bayesian analyses by themselves. The book contains a series of chapters on parameter estimation and model selection, followed by detailed case studies from cognitive science. After working through this book, readers should be able to build their own Bayesian models, apply the models to their own data, and draw their own conclusions.

Dictionary of Cognitive Science

Olivier Houdé,Daniel Kayser,Olivier Koenig,Joëlle Proust,François Rastier
Dictionary of Cognitive Science Book PDF

Author : Olivier Houdé,Daniel Kayser,Olivier Koenig,Joëlle Proust,François Rastier
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2004-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781135456351

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Dictionary of Cognitive Science by Olivier Houdé,Daniel Kayser,Olivier Koenig,Joëlle Proust,François Rastier Pdf

Presents comprehensive definitions in more than 120 subjects. Topics range from 'Abduction' to 'Writing' within the domains of psychology, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.

Psychophysics

George A. Gescheider
Psychophysics Book PDF

Author : George A. Gescheider
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134801220

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Psychophysics by George A. Gescheider Pdf

This third edition of a classic text which was first published in 1976 is the only comprehensive, up-to-date presentation of psychophysics currently available. It has been used by undergraduate and graduate students, and scholars throughout the world and is consistently thought of as the best single source for learning the basic principles of psychophysics. The coverage of the field is comprehensive, including topics ranging from the classical methods of threshold measurement, to the modern methods of detection theory, to psychophysical scaling of sensation magnitude. The approach is one in which methods, theories, and applications are described for each experimental procedure. New features found in this third edition include: * methodological and theoretical contributions made in the field during this time period, * descriptions of adaptive procedures for measuring thresholds, context effects in scaling, theory of quantal fluctuations, multidimensional scaling, nonmetric scaling of sensory differences, and the relationship between the size of the DL and the slope of the sensation magnitude function, * new methods for measuring the observer's sensitivity of criterion and an expanded discussion of category scaling including the range frequency model and verbally labeled categories, and * methods used to control the observer's nonlinear use of numbers in magnitude estimation such as line-length scaling, magnitude matching, master scaling, and category-ratio scaling.