Ptolemy S Planetary Theory

Author : Ptolemy
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 712 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1998-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691002606

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Ptolemy's Almagest by Ptolemy Pdf

Ptolemy's Almagest is one of the most influential scientific works in history. A masterpiece of technical exposition, it was the basic textbook of astronomy for more than a thousand years, and still is the main source for our knowledge of ancient astronomy. This translation, based on the standard Greek text of Heiberg, makes the work accessible to English readers in an intelligible and reliable form. It contains numerous corrections derived from medieval Arabic translations and extensive footnotes that take account of the great progress in understanding the work made in this century, due to the discovery of Babylonian records and other researches. It is designed to stand by itself as an interpretation of the original, but it will also be useful as an aid to reading the Greek text.

Author : Elizabeth Anne Hamm
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0494782110

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Ptolemy's Planetary Theory by Elizabeth Anne Hamm Pdf

This study comprises a translation and commentary of Book I of the Planetary Hypotheseses by the second century A.D. Greco-Roman astronomer, Claudius Ptolemy. It closely examines the Planetary Hypotheses on its own and in relation to Ptolemy's other writings. Where necessary I rely on astronomical, philosophical, and technological works by other writers in order to better situate Ptolemy's ideas into the context of Greco-Roman science.The dissertation is organized into three sections. Section I consists of an extended introduction to the Planetary Hypotheses. I offer a synopsis of the Planetary Hypotheses and a history of the text in Sections I.1 and I.2. Section I.3 consists of a brief introduction to notation and sexagesimal numbers while Section I.4 analyzes the aim and function of Ptolemy's planetary models.Section II is a translation of the existing Greek text of the Planetary Hypotheses, namely Book I Part A, and a precis of Book I, Part B. The translation is made from J.L. Heiberg's edited Greek text and the precis relies on the English translation by Bernard Goldstein, the French translation by Regis Morelon, and the Arabic Manuscripts found in the British Library (Arabic-A) and the Library at the University of Leiden (Arabic-B). The footnotes include variant readings from the different Greek and Arabic Manuscripts. A list of all existing manuscripts of the Planetary Hypotheses can be found in Section I.2While I focus on the changes that Ptolemy made to the models in the Planetary Hypotheses from his theories in the Canobic Inscription, Handy Tables, and the Almagest, this work aims to explore the motivations behind these changes. Additionally, I contextualize the Planetary Hypotheses within Greco-Roman and Islamic astronomy and technology. What emerges from this dissertation is a consideration of Ptolemy's ideas about the practice of science and an analysis of how he modeled astronomical observations.Section III is a commentary of the entirety of Book I (Parts A and B). This section is arranged so that it loosely follows the order of topics found in the Planetary Hypotheses Section III.1 examines the Planetary Hypotheses in terms of instrument-making. Section III.2 discusses the geometric models that Ptolemy presents along with a discussion of the changes that he makes. I give an overview of the period relations and mean motions presented in the Planetary Hypotheses in Section III.3 and III.4 and the new frame of reference in Section III.5. Section III.6 briefly examines Book II of the Planetary Hypotheses and Section III.7 addresses the relationship of Book I and Book II and contextualizes this work in the history of Greco-Roman science. Finally, Section III.8 examines the role the Planetary Hypotheses played in developments within Medieval Islamic astronomy.

Author : Claudius Ptolemaeus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0852291639

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The almagest by Claudius Ptolemaeus Pdf

Author : Olaf Pedersen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-12
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780387848266

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A Survey of the Almagest by Olaf Pedersen Pdf

The Almagest, by the Greek astronomer and mathematician Ptolemy, is the most important surviving treatise on early mathematical astronomy, offering historians valuable insight into the astronomy and mathematics of the ancient world. Pedersen's 1974 publication, A Survey of the Almagest, is the most recent in a long tradition of companions to the Almagest. Part paraphrase and part commentary, Pedersen's work has earned the universal praise of historians and serves as the definitive introductory text for students interested in studying the Almagest. In this revised edition, Alexander Jones, a distinguished authority on the history of early astronomy, provides supplementary information and commentary to the original text to account for scholarship that has appeared since 1974. This revision also incorporates various corrections to Pedersen's original text that have been identified since its publication. This volume is intended to provide students of the history of astronomy with a self-contained introduction to the Almagest, helping them to understand and appreciate Ptolemy's great and classical work.

Author : Robert R. Newton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015017155931

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The Crime of Claudius Ptolemy by Robert R. Newton Pdf

In Newton's view, Ptolemy was "the most successful fraud in the history of science". Newton shows that Ptolemy predominantly obtained the astronomical results described in his work The Almagest by computation, and not by the direct observations that Ptolemy described.

Author : Alan C. Bowen,Francesca Rochberg
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 783 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004400566

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Hellenistic Astronomy by Alan C. Bowen,Francesca Rochberg Pdf

In Hellenistic Astronomy: The Science in Its Contexts, renowned scholars address questions about what the ancient science of the heavens was and the numerous contexts in which it was pursued.

Author : Pierre Duhem
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226381657

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To Save the Phenomena by Pierre Duhem Pdf

Duhem's 1908 essay questions the relation between physical theory and metaphysics and, more specifically, between astronomy and physics–an issue still of importance today. He critiques the answers given by Greek thought, Arabic science, medieval Christian scholasticism, and, finally, the astronomers of the Renaissance.

Author : Gerd Graßhoff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461244684

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The History of Ptolemy’s Star Catalogue by Gerd Graßhoff Pdf

Ptolemy's Almagest shares with Euclid's Elements the glory of being the scientific text longest in use. From its conception in the second century up to the late Renaissance, this work determined astronomy as a science. During this time the Almagest was not only a work on astronomy; the subject was defined as what is described in the Almagest. The cautious emancipation of the late middle ages and the revolutionary creation of the new science in the 16th century are not conceivable without reference to the Almagest. This text lifted European astronomy to the high standard of knowledge on which the new science flourished. Before, the Ptolemaic models of the orbits of the sun, the moon, and the planets had been refined by Arabic astronomers. They provided the structural elements with which Copernicus and Kepler ushered in the era of modern astronomy. The Almagest survived the destruction of its epicyclic representation of the planetary orbits in the conceptual traces left behind in the theories of its successors. The clear separation of the sidereal from the tropical year, the celestial coordinate systems, the concepts of time, the forms of the constellations, and brightness classifications of celestial objects are, among many other things, still part of the astronomical canon even today.

Author : Jacqueline Feke
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780691210391

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Ptolemy's Philosophy by Jacqueline Feke Pdf

A stimulating intellectual history of Ptolemy's philosophy and his conception of a world in which mathematics reigns supreme The Greco-Roman mathematician Claudius Ptolemy is one of the most significant figures in the history of science. He is remembered today for his astronomy, but his philosophy is almost entirely lost to history. This groundbreaking book is the first to reconstruct Ptolemy’s general philosophical system—including his metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics—and to explore its relationship to astronomy, harmonics, element theory, astrology, cosmology, psychology, and theology. In this stimulating intellectual history, Jacqueline Feke uncovers references to a complex and sophisticated philosophical agenda scattered among Ptolemy’s technical studies in the physical and mathematical sciences. She shows how he developed a philosophy that was radical and even subversive, appropriating ideas and turning them against the very philosophers from whom he drew influence. Feke reveals how Ptolemy’s unique system is at once a critique of prevailing philosophical trends and a conception of the world in which mathematics reigns supreme. A compelling work of scholarship, Ptolemy’s Philosophy demonstrates how Ptolemy situated mathematics at the very foundation of all philosophy—theoretical and practical—and advanced the mathematical way of life as the true path to human perfection.

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1957
Category : History
ISBN : 0674171039

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The Copernican Revolution by Thomas S. Kuhn Pdf

An account of the Copernican Revolution, focusing on the significance of the plurality of the revolution which encompassed not only mathematical astronomy, but also conceptual changes in cosmology, physics, philosophy, and religion.

Author : Theodor S. Jacobsen
Publisher : University of Washington Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780295997599

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Planetary Systems from the Ancient Greeks to Kepler by Theodor S. Jacobsen Pdf

In Planetary Systems from the Ancient Greeks, Theodor S. Kepler seeks to present a bird’s-eye view of the astronomical nature of the work of Newton’s predecessors. Rather than dwelling only on the influence of each thinker’s great ideas, Jacobsen tracks the actual details of their development by investigating the various systems involved and how they were used. As such, this book is an attempt to describe the specific processes through which (pre-Newtonian) astronomers derived a knowledge of the cosmos by observing the heavens and trying out detailed models to account for their observations. Planetary Systems from the Ancient Greeks contributes to scholarship on historical astronomy by offering an approach between that of popular, exact astronomical information and formal, fully referenced scholarly investigation. Each chapter is organized around a key astronomer (Eudoxus, Hipparchus, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, and Kepler) and offers relevant biographical introduction, exposition of the astronomical system, and assessment of their contributions. As Jacobsen suggests, the present elementary study of these historical astronomical systems also yields valuable insights for visualizing the salient facts of general astronomy.

Author : O. Neugebauer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1486 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 354006995X

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A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy by O. Neugebauer Pdf

From the reviews: "This monumental work will henceforth be the standard interpretation of ancient mathematical astronomy. It is easy to point out its many virtues: comprehensiveness and common sense are two of the most important. Neugebauer has studied profoundly every relevant text in Akkadian, Egyptian, Greek, and Latin, no matter how fragmentary; [...] With the combination of mathematical rigor and a sober sense of the true nature of the evidence, he has penetrated the astronomical and the historical significance of his material. [...] His work has been and will remain the most admired model for those working with mathematical and astronomical texts. D. Pingree in Bibliotheca Orientalis, 1977 "... a work that is a landmark, not only for the history of science, but for the history of scholarship. HAMA [History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy] places the history of ancient Astronomy on a entirely new foundation. We shall not soon see its equal. N.M. Swerdlow in Historia Mathematica, 1979

Author : Rivka Feldhay,F. Jamil Ragep
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780773550117

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Before Copernicus by Rivka Feldhay,F. Jamil Ragep Pdf

In 1984, Noel Swerdlow and Otto Neugebauer argued that Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) explained planetary motion by using mathematical devices and astronomical models originally developed by Islamic astronomers in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Was this a parallel development, or did Copernicus somehow learn of the work of his predecessors, and if so, how? And if Copernicus did use material from the Islamic world, how then should we understand the European context of his innovative cosmology? Although Copernicus’s work has been subject to a number of excellent studies, there has been little attention paid to the sources and diverse cultures that might have inspired him. Foregrounding the importance of interactions between Islamic and European astronomers and philosophers, Before Copernicus explores the multi-cultural, multi-religious, and multi-lingual context of learning on the eve of the Copernican revolution, determining the relationship between Copernicus and his predecessors. Essays by Christopher Celenza and Nancy Bisaha delve into the European cultural and intellectual contexts of the fifteenth century, revealing both the profound differences between “them” and “us,” and the nascent attitudes that would mark the turn to modernity. Michael Shank, F. Jamil Ragep, Sally Ragep, and Robert Morrison depict the vibrant and creative work of astronomers in the Christian, Islamic, and Jewish worlds. In other essays, Rivka Feldhay, Raz Chen-Morris, and Edith Sylla demonstrate the importance of shifting outlooks that were critical for the emergence of a new worldview. Highlighting the often-neglected intercultural exchange between Islam and early modern Europe, Before Copernicus reimagines the scientific revolution in a global context.

Author : Galileo
Publisher : Modern Library
Page : 642 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2001-10-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780375757662

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Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems by Galileo Pdf

Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, published in Florence in 1632, was the most proximate cause of his being brought to trial before the Inquisition. Using the dialogue form, a genre common in classical philosophical works, Galileo masterfully demonstrates the truth of the Copernican system over the Ptolemaic one, proving, for the first time, that the earth revolves around the sun. Its influence is incalculable. The Dialogue is not only one of the most important scientific treatises ever written, but a work of supreme clarity and accessibility, remaining as readable now as when it was first published. This edition uses the definitive text established by the University of California Press, in Stillman Drake’s translation, and includes a Foreword by Albert Einstein and a new Introduction by J. L. Heilbron.

Author : Bernard R. Goldstein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Astronomy
ISBN : LCCN:rec84000817

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The Arabic version of Ptolemy's Planetary Hypotheses by Bernard R. Goldstein Pdf