Reconstructing The World Trade Organization For The 21st Century

Author : Kent Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199366057

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Reconstructing the World Trade Organization for the 21st Century by Kent Jones Pdf

The institutional shortcomings of the World Trade Organization (WTO) became apparent during the Doha Round of Trade negotiations that began in 2001 and which aimed to improve the success of developing countries' trading by lowering trade barriers and adjusting other trade rules. This "development agenda" meant different things to rich and poor countries. In addition, many of the circumstances that supported success in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations of 1947 were no longer present after the WTO was founded in 1995. In Reconstructing the World Trade Organization for the 21st Century, Kent Jones examines the difficulties of the WTO in completing multilateral trade negotiations and possible ways to restore its ability to do so. The problem lies in the institutional structure it inherited from the GATT, which was designed for a more limited scope of trade negotiations among a relatively small number of wealthier, industrialized countries. Jones presents an institutional model of the GATT/WTO system, which describes why such an organization exists and how it is supposed to accomplish its goals. Institutional reforms will be necessary to restore the WTO's ability to complete global trade agreements, including a more flexible application of the consensus rule, a common understanding among all members about the limits of domestic policy space that is subject to negotiation, and clearer rules on reciprocity obligations. The popularity of bilateral and regional trade agreements, which have emerged as the alternative to WTO agreements, presents a threat to the WTO's relevance in trade negotiations, but also an opportunity to "multilateralize" new and deeper trade integration in future WTO agreements. Aid for trade may also play an instrumental role in bringing more developing countries into WTO disciplines. Above all, WTO members must develop new ways to find common ground in order to negotiate for mutual gains from trade.

Author : Bernard M. Hoekman,Ernesto Zedillo
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815729051

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Trade in the 21st Century by Bernard M. Hoekman,Ernesto Zedillo Pdf

Despite troubled trade negotiations, global trade—and trade policy—will thrive in the twenty-first century, but with a bow to the past. Is the multilateral trading order of the twentieth century a historical artifact? Was the creation of the World Trade Organization in 1995 the high point of multilateral cooperation on trade? This new volume, edited by Bernard M. Hoekman and Ernesto Zedillo, assesses the relevance of the WTO in the context of the rise of China and the United States' turn toward unilateral protectionism. The contributors adopt a historical perspective to discuss changes in global trade policy trends, adducing lessons from the past to help understand current trade tensions. Topics include responses to U.S. protectionism under the Trump administration, the policy dimensions of trade in services and the rise of the digital economy, how to strengthen the WTO to better negotiate new rules of the game and adjudicate disputes, managing China's integration into the global trade system, and the implications of global value chains for economic development policies. By reflecting on past episodes of protectionism and how they were resolved, Trade in the 21st Century provides both context and guidance on how trade challenges can be addressed in the coming decades.

Author : Debra P. Steger
Publisher : Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2009-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1554581745

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Redesigning the World Trade Organization for the Twenty-first Century by Debra P. Steger Pdf

Two high-level commissions—the Sutherland report in 2004, and the Warwick Commission report in 2007—addressed the future of the World Trade Organization and made proposals for incremental reform. This book goes further; it explains why institutional reform of the WTO is needed at this critical juncture in world history and provides innovative, practical proposals for modernizing the WTO to enable it to respond to the challenges of the twenty-first century. Contributors focus on five critical areas: transparency, decision- and rule-making procedures, internal management structures, participation by non-governmental organizations and civil society, and relationships with regional trade agreements. Co-published with the International Development Research Centre and the Centre for International Governance Innovation

Author : Kent Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190086374

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Populism and Trade by Kent Jones Pdf

Around the world, populism has weaponized anxieties over globalization and other forms of cultural, social, and economic change. Many populist leaders have succeeded in conflating trade concerns with apprehensions over immigration, thereby creating potent campaigns to overturn existing trade agreements and the multilateral cooperation they embody. In the United States, avowed protectionist Donald Trump set out not only to raise tariffs, but to dismantle the system of global trade embodied in the World Trade Organization. In the UK, the Brexit referendum resulted in that country's withdrawal from the European Union, ending its commitment to trade integration with the continent. Populism and Trade explores the impact of populist regimes on protectionism and the damage they have inflicted on global trade and trade policy institutions. Focusing on the disruption caused by the Trump administration and the Brexit referendum, the book traces the influence of populism on trade policy today. Kent Jones shows how these methods will continue to damage global cooperation--something that is essential when faced with international crises like a deadly pandemic--until the sources of populist anger can be addressed. He argues that economic and institutional reforms, along with better education and adjustment policies, will be necessary to break the populist fever. In an age of global populism, open trade policy has become a victim of anti-globalization and economic nationalism. Populism and Trade traces the impact of these divisive political tactics to explain the fragile nature of global trade institutions and the steps needed to save them.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1949
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:603643911

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The International Trade Organization and the Reconstruction of World Trade by Anonim Pdf

Author : Marc Froese
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351115568

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Sovereign Rules and the Politics of International Economic Law by Marc Froese Pdf

How ought scholars and students to approach the rapidly expanding and highly multidisciplinary study of international economic law? Academics in the field of international political economy used to take for granted that they worked with the overarching concepts of rules and governance, while legal scholars analyzed treaties and doctrines. However, over the past twenty years formerly disparate fields of study have converged in a complex terrain, where academic researchers and governmental policy analysts use a pluralistic set of theoretical and methodological tools to study the ongoing development of international economic law. This volume argues that the extensive development of international economic law makes it impossible to discuss international political economy and international law as if they were mutually exclusive processes, or even as if they were separate and mutually reinforcing. Rather, we must think of them as a deeply interconnected set of rapidly evolving activities. This is a paradigm shift in which we cease to think about an international system in which politics and law interact, and begin to think about an international system in which politics take place in a legal frame. Froese terms this a shift from politics and law, to the politics of international economic law. This book does for political economy what others have already done for law – introduces political scientists, economists, and other practitioners of IPE, to the potential of engaging with legal theory and method; it will be of great interest to scholars in a range of areas including IPE, global governance, IR and international law.

Author : Theodore H. Cohn,Anil Hira
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000170702

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Global Political Economy by Theodore H. Cohn,Anil Hira Pdf

Praised for its authoritative coverage, Global Political Economy places the study of IPE in broad theoretical context and has been updated to cover the rise of populism, Brexit, the USMCA, US–China trade wars, tariffs, refugees and global migration, the Keynesian–monetarist debate, Fordism, automation, the "gig" economy, global value chains, climate change, cryptocurrencies, and the residual effects of global economic crises and regional relationships and impacts. Written by leading IPE scholar Theodore Cohn, now joined by his prolific colleague Andy Hira, this book equally emphasizes theory and practice to provide a framework for analyzing current events and long-term developments in the global economy. This text is suitable for both introductory and advanced IPE courses. New to the Eighth Edition Expands upon the growing US–China competition in many areas of the global political economy. Discusses the problems Brexit is posing for Britain and the European Union (EU). Explores the growth of populism. Focuses more on environmental degradation/climate change along with the increase in global migration. Incorporates a new theme of South–South global economic relations. Highlights the relationship among economics, geopolitics, and security issues. Emphasizes the importance of global value chains. Looks at the potential for future global financial crises. Updates and expands the number of tables, figures, and graphics throughout. Provides an updated Test Bank and new PowerPoint slides in an Instructor’s e-Resource.

Author : Hao Wu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780429886744

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Trade Facilitation in the Multilateral Trading System by Hao Wu Pdf

Negotiations on trade facilitation were concluded at the WTO 9th Ministerial Conference in 2013, and the Agreements on Trade Facilitation (TFA), therefore, became the first fully multilateral agreement in WTO history. Since then, trade facilitation has been in the limelight on the stage of the world trading system. During recent years, the TFA has been consistently on the agenda of the summits of G20, G7, and APEC. The Agreement has come into force and shall be implemented on a global scale. As a result, the WTO members shall be prepared to translate the Agreement into their domestic legislation, which will involve a series of reforms in trade laws and policies. There are extensive voices demanding a comprehensive expatiation on trade facilitation and the TFA. It is essential to systematically delve into the genesis of trade facilitation, revisit the course where the TFA came into being, and analyse the well-turned legalese of the TFA. This book meets this demand. This book is path-breaking in these aspects: it expounds on the rationales for trade facilitation and the significance of constituting an international accord on trade facilitation; it restores the one-century track of the international community’s talks on trade facilitation, from the times of the League of Nations to the WTO era; it reveals how the WTO negotiating mechanisms enabled the TFA to be nailed down, which would be enlightening for trade diplomats engaged in other WTO negotiations; and it provides an in-depth commentary on the TFA articles, which will help stakeholders more accurately understand and implement the Agreement. This book will be especially valuable for government officials and policy-makers, trade practitioners, lawyers, advisers, and scholars interested in international economic law, WTO law, international trade, international relations, and international development studies.

Author : Thomas Oatley
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781351034647

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International Political Economy by Thomas Oatley Pdf

Broadly viewing the global economy as a political competition that produces winners and losers, International Political Economy holistically and accessibly introduces the field of IPE to students with limited background in political theory, history, and economics. This text surveys major interests and institutions and examines how state and non-state actors pursue wealth and power. Emphasizing fundamental economic concepts as well as the interplay between domestic and international politics, International Political Economy not only explains how the global economy works; it also encourages students to think critically about how economic policy is made in the context of globalization. New to the 6th Edition Covers economic impacts of 2016 electoral events including new Trump administration initiatives related to TPP and NAFTA; UK and Brexit, and the European populist wave. Examines the global financial crisis, EU debt crisis, capital inflows, and development failures. Probes the death of the Doha Round and explores individual trade preferences, WTO dispute settlement, and other trade-related policies and proposals. Considers the question of the Chinese Renminbi as a global currency to displace the dollar.

Author : Nicolás Albertoni
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000961584

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Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy by Nicolás Albertoni Pdf

Trade Protectionism in an Uncertain and Interconnected Global Economy presents the results of almost five years of research on the political economy of trade policy. It argues that in a global context dominated by economic uncertainty and interdependencies, the mechanisms that have fueled the diffusion of trade liberalization under the World Trade Organization (preferential trade agreements and global value chains) can also become channels for protectionism (based on less observable non- tariff or murkier measures). Countries have changed the way they respond to protectionism, which impacts bilateral relations. The author explores why and how increased global trade interconnectivity has also become a channel for new forms of trade protectionism, and especially how this impacts the developing world. These counterintuitive dynamics constitute the newest wave in the literature on trade interdependence. Previous research on trade policy has often concentrated on just one aspect of the effects of an interconnected global economy: the more political and economic linkages countries build among themselves, the fewer tensions they will generate across borders. From a trade policy perspective, this causal claim has held steady for many decades. This book bridges academic analysis with trade policymaking and offers a road map for the kinds of commercial policy reforms that will be essential for the successful revival of world markets after global economic crises as it was the COVID-19 pandemic. This book will appeal to postgraduates, researchers, and academics interested in international political economy, comparative political economy, development, business, and all those with a particular interest in Latin American trade policy dynamics. It will also be of interest to trade policy scholars, practitioners, and readers with an interest in how governments, firms, and regions around the developing world transition into more knowledge-intensive activities.

Author : Pradumna B. Rana,Xianbai Ji
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811920417

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From Centralised to Decentralising Global Economic Architecture by Pradumna B. Rana,Xianbai Ji Pdf

This book focuses on the recent rise of new regional economic institutions such as the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralisation, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, which were established, in part, as a result of dissatisfaction of dynamic emerging markets with global economic institutions such as the IMF, the World Bank, and the GATT/WTO. The latter were formed by advanced economies in the West, after the historic Bretton Wood Conference of 1944. In doing so, the book addresses how this recent round of decentralisation, defined as the co-existence of “senior” global institutions and a plethora of newly-established regional institutions, has affected global economic governance, and the delivery of global public goods. It also poses the question if this has led to the fragmentation of global economic governance. The book adds value to existing literature by using a benefit-risk analytical framework to study the decentralisation process. Unlike the “contested multilateralism” argument used by some authors which focuses on the costs of decentralisation, the authors argue that benefits must also be considered. It also describes and analyses the establishment of global and regional international economic institutions and the evolving relationships between the two. Third, the authors argue that this decentralisation process will continue in the postpandemic period and recommend policies to reset the relationship between global and regional institutions. And lastly, the book discusses proposals to reform the international monetary system including the global reserve system with a view to reducing the hegemony of the US dollar. Throughout the book, the role for Asia is also identified, and elaborated on.

Author : Takashi Inoguchi,Lien Thi Quynh Le
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789813293892

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The Development of Global Legislative Politics by Takashi Inoguchi,Lien Thi Quynh Le Pdf

This book is the first systematic scientific study of global quasi-legislation. Taking public opinion and multilateral agreements as the international equivalent to national election and passing laws on the national scale, and extending nation-state concepts to a global society, it analyzes citizens' preferences and the state's willingness to enter into 120 multilateral treaties. After identifying the links as a first step toward conceptualizing quasi-legislative global politics, the book examines how each of the 193 states manifests quasi-legislative behavior by factor-analyzing six instrumental variables such as treaty participation index and six policy domains of multilateral treaties, including peace and trade. It then discusses global change between 1989 and 2008, and conceptually and empirically examines the three theories of global politics that originated during that period: the theory of power transition, theory of civilizational clash and theory of global legislative politics. Lastly, it proposes a theory of global legislative politics. Shedding fresh light on the transformative nature of multilateral treaties, this book attracts researchers and students in political philosophy, international law and international relations as well as practitioners and journalists. Inoguchi and Le have developed a genuinely original perspective on world politics, one that opens up a new research agenda for thinking about state and global actors simultaneously.-- Anne-Marie Slaughter, Bert G. Kerstetter '66 University Professor Emerita of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University This is one of those books that warrant a global readership given its emphasis on the implied trust that we invest in public institutions as viewed from an interdisciplinary perspective. -- Richard J. Estes, Professor of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania This book is innovative and distinctive in carving out a new way to look at “global legislative politics.” I do not know of anything that compares in this interesting and novel niche of international relations analysis.-- William R. Thompson, Distinguished Professor and Rogers Chair of Political Science Emeritus, Indiana University

Author : John McCormick,Rod Hague,Martin Harrop
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 765 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781350311350

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Comparative Government and Politics by John McCormick,Rod Hague,Martin Harrop Pdf

This revised and updated edition of a core textbook – one of the most well-established texts in the field of comparative politics – offers a comprehensive introduction to the comparison of governments and political systems, helping students to understand not just the institutions and political cultures of their own countries but also those of a wide range of democracies and authoritarian regimes from around the world. The book opens with an overview of key theories and methods for studying comparative politics and moves on to a study of major institutions and themes, such as the state, constitutions and courts, elections, voters, interest groups and political economy. In addition, two common threads run throughout the chapters in this edition – the reversal of democracy and declining trust in government – ensuring that the book fully accounts for the rapid developments in politics that have taken place across the world in recent times. Written by a team of experienced textbook authors and featuring a range of engaging learning features, this book is an essential text for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on comparative politics, comparative government, introduction to politics and introduction to political science. New to this Edition: - New and extended coverage of important topics such as authoritarian states, identities, ethnicity and political violence - A brand new chapter on political economy - An engaging new page design, in full colour for the first time - An enhanced companion website, now providing an extensive testbank of questions for lecturers - Publishing alongside John McCormick's new book on Cases in Comparative Government and Politics (October 2019), which offers more detailed coverage of the cases covered in this text.

Author : Steven C. Roach,Alexander D. Barder
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000933192

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International Relations by Steven C. Roach,Alexander D. Barder Pdf

Featuring 16 new entries, International Relations: The Key Concepts, now in its fourth edition, is the essential guide for anyone interested in international affairs. Comprehensive and up to date, it introduces the most important themes in international relations. New entries include the following: Anthropocene Authoritarian populism Borders Brexit Dignity Hierarchy Intersectionality Pandemic Postmodern warfare Race war Resilience Featuring suggestions for further reading as well as a unique guide to websites on international relations, this accessible guide is an invaluable aid to an understanding of this expanding field, ideal for student and non-specialist alike. It will serve as a vital reference text for undergraduate IR courses.

Author : Ali Farazmand
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 13623 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2023-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030662523

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Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance by Ali Farazmand Pdf

This global encyclopedic work serves as a comprehensive collection of global scholarship regarding the vast fields of public administration, public policy, governance, and management. Written and edited by leading international scholars and practitioners, this exhaustive resource covers all areas of the above fields and their numerous subfields of study. In keeping with the multidisciplinary spirit of these fields and subfields, the entries make use of various theoretical, empirical, analytical, practical, and methodological bases of knowledge. Expanded and updated, the second edition includes over a thousand of new entries representing the most current research in public administration, public policy, governance, nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, and management covering such important sub-areas as: 1. organization theory, behavior, change and development; 2. administrative theory and practice; 3. Bureaucracy; 4. public budgeting and financial management; 5. public economy and public management 6. public personnel administration and labor-management relations; 7. crisis and emergency management; 8. institutional theory and public administration; 9. law and regulations; 10. ethics and accountability; 11. public governance and private governance; 12. Nonprofit management and nongovernmental organizations; 13. Social, health, and environmental policy areas; 14. pandemic and crisis management; 15. administrative and governance reforms; 16. comparative public administration and governance; 17. globalization and international issues; 18. performance management; 19. geographical areas of the world with country-focused entries like Japan, China, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, North America; and 20. a lot more. Relevant to professionals, experts, scholars, general readers, researchers, policy makers and manger, and students worldwide, this work will serve as the most viable global reference source for those looking for an introduction and advance knowledge to the field.