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Reforming the Intelligence Agencies in Pakistan's Transitional Democracy by Frédéric Grare,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Pdf
"The purpose of the present report is to analyze the intelligence agencies' role in Pakistan's political life through a better understanding of the agencies' objectives and mechanisms. Because Pakistan's civilian governments have been victims of the agencies' manipulation in the past, the new and very fragile government cannot ignore the decisive role of the intelligence agencies in Pakistani politics if it wants to counter the direct and more subtle manifestations of military control. The domestic political role of intelligence agencies is always a combination of three elements: militarization, comprehensive political surveillance, and state terror. The intensity and relative importance of each component varies over time and according to the specific situations in each country, but all three are always present. Terror as it applies to individuals or groups can be carried out by proxies and is intermittent, but it remains an essential element of the system. An intelligence agency's reputation for ruthlessness is often as important as its actual efficiency. The reform of the intelligence agencies is therefore imperative, and the depoliticization of the intelligence process is as much an element of national reconciliation as of consolidation of power."--P. 1.
Author : Thomas C. Bruneau,Steven C. Boraz Publisher : University of Texas Press Page : 410 pages File Size : 52,8 Mb Release : 2009-04-20 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780292783416
Reforming Intelligence by Thomas C. Bruneau,Steven C. Boraz Pdf
These days, it's rare to pick up a newspaper and not see a story related to intelligence. From the investigations of the 9/11 commission, to accusations of illegal wiretapping, to debates on whether it's acceptable to torture prisoners for information, intelligence—both accurate and not—is driving domestic and foreign policy. And yet, in part because of its inherently secretive nature, intelligence has received very little scholarly study. Into this void comes Reforming Intelligence, a timely collection of case studies written by intelligence experts, and sponsored by the Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) at the Naval Postgraduate School, that collectively outline the best practices for intelligence services in the United States and other democratic states. Reforming Intelligence suggests that intelligence is best conceptualized as a subfield of civil-military relations, and is best compared through institutions. The authors examine intelligence practices in the United States, United Kingdom, and France, as well as such developing democracies as Brazil, Taiwan, Argentina, and Russia. While there is much more data related to established democracies, there are lessons to be learned from states that have created (or re-created) intelligence institutions in the contemporary political climate. In the end, reading about the successes of Brazil and Taiwan, the failures of Argentina and Russia, and the ongoing reforms in the United States yields a handful of hard truths. In the murky world of intelligence, that's an unqualified achievement.
Intelligence Reform After Five Years by Richard A. Best Pdf
The Intell. Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 was the most significant legislation affecting the U.S. intell. community since the National Security Act of 1947. The 2004 act attempted to ensure closer coordination among intell. agencies espec. in regard to counter-terrorism efforts. It established the position of Dir. of National Intell. (DNI) to coordinate the nation¿s intell. effort. The DNI speaks for U.S. intell., briefs the Pres., has authority to develop the budget for the national intell. effort and manage appropriations made by Congress, and can transfer personnel and funds from one agency to another. Contents of this report: Intro.; Background; The Intell. Reform Act of 2004; Positive Assessment; Negative Views; Alternative Views; Future Direction.
U.S. Intelligence at the Crossroads by Roy Godson,Ernest R. May,Gary James Schmitt Pdf
"U.S. Intelligence at the Crossroads presents fresh, divergent perspectives on topics ranging from the very purpose of intelligence to pressing policy concerns about weapons proliferation, economic espionage, and threats posed by nonstate actors such as criminal and terrorist organizations. Contributors include high-ranking officials from the CIA, FBI, and the departments of State and Defense, as well as leading academic specialists such as Joseph Nye, Abram Shulsky, and James Q. Wilson."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Democratization of Intelligence by Peter Gill,Michael Andregg Pdf
This comparative analysis of the sometimes fraught process of achieving democratic governance of security intelligence agencies presents material from countries other than those normally featured in the Intelligence Studies literature of North America and Europe. Some of the countries examined are former Communist countries and several in Latin America are former military regimes. Others have been democratic for a long time but still experience widespread political violence. Through a mix of single-country and comparative studies, major aspects of intelligence are considered, including the legacy of, and transition from, authoritarianism; the difficulties of achieving genuine reform; and the apparent inevitability of periodic scandals. Authors consider a range of methodological approaches to the study of intelligence and the challenges of analysing the secret world. Finally, consideration is given to the success – or otherwise – of intelligence reform, and the effectiveness of democratic institutions of control and oversight. This book was originally published as a special issue of Intelligence and National Security.
Re-Energising Indian Intelligence by Manoj Shrivastava Pdf
This book covers a vast canvas historically as regards Indian Intelligence, and gives an adequate insight into the functioning of the important intelligence agencies of the world. The author has analysed the current functioning of Indian Intelligence agencies in great detail, their drawbacks in the structure and coordination and has come out with some useful suggestions.
Author : Congress of the United States Publisher : Good Press Page : 612 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 2021-04-11 Category : Law ISBN : EAN:4064066301972
Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 by Congress of the United States Pdf
"Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004" by Congress of the United States. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.
Best Truth by Bruce D. Berkowitz,Allan E. Goodman Pdf
Confronted by the new challenges of the information age and the post-Soviet world, the US intelligence community must adapt and change, say the authors of this provocative text. They examine recent intelligence failures, show why traditional approaches now fall short, and call for fundamental reform in the organization and approach of America's intelligence agencies.
In Intelligence Reform: A Question of Balance, Col John D. Bansemer shares his penetrating insights into reforming the US intelligence community (IC) to improve its performance. He offers valuable guidelines for thoughtful action on this perennial concern. The events of 9/11/2001 resulted in national soul searching as we attempted to understand how such terrible events could happen. Congress investigated these events, and the 9/11 Commission studied them. Although the commission ultimately made 41 recommendations, the ones that called yet again for reform of the IC captured the most attention in both the press and Congress. Why has intelligence reform been called for so often over the years? Why has it proven so difficult to improve the performance of intelligence agencies to anyone's lasting satisfaction? In addressing these questions, there is a direction that Bansemer wisely does not take, namely attempting to sort out the relative roles of intelligence failures and operational failures. Surely future studies of Hurricane Katrina will illustrate, through an example of nearly laboratory purity, that operational failures can occur even with nearly perfect intelligence, hence that intelligence reform may well need to go hand in-hand with operational reform to improve overall performance. Bansemer examines the performance of the US intelligence community by focusing on underlying tensions that are not unique to the IC but that occur also within any large organization. Understood this way, reform looks less like a choice among polar preferences and more like a question of altering balances, each of which stems from unavoidably competing interests within an organization. One touchstone of Bansemer's analysis is the Goldwater- Nichols Act (GNA) of 1986. The GNA exemplifies one way to attempt reform of a large organization that harbors specialized and competing interests-in this case the Department of Defense (DOD) with its component military services. On the record, Congress and the 9/11 Commission had elements of the GNA in mind when they crafted their legislation and recommendations, respectively. The novel insight from Bansemer's analysis is its finding that while there may be some commonality in the symptoms (i.e., the reasons for reform) between the DOD and the IC, the recommended course of treatment may not be universally applicable. Crucial particulars of organizational structures, culture, and incentives all play a role in the success of any reform effort in improving performance. Another key element of Bansemer's analysis is the question of why intelligence reform has so rarely met the expectations of the reformers recommending change. He finds that this phenomenon has less to do with broad organizational structure and more with tensions among elements of the organization. In the case of the IC these tensions are heightened, relative to those in the DOD, with its four military services by virtue of the presence in the intelligence "community" of a larger number of much more loosely affiliated elements with much more diverse missions belonging to many government departments, including State, Treasury, and Homeland Security.
Intelligence reform and counterterrorism effectiveness by Stefan Meingast Pdf
Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Region: USA, grade: A, University of Cincinnati, language: English, abstract: Subsequent to the 9/11 terrorist attacks, a sustained effort has been undertaken to reform the American intelligence agencies. The establishment of a terrorism “czar”, with more authority than the Director of the CIA used to have as coordinator of the intelligence enterprise and with a supporting bureaucratic structure to this end should lead to more unified, coordinated and effective intelligence, in particular in the context of counterterrorism. The Intelligence Community has undergone previous organisational “centralisation” reforms, and yet, it failed to provide timely and accurate intelligence about the 9/11 terrorist threat. A series of legitimate questions therefore arise: is centralisation the wrong solution to the problem of intelligence effectiveness? Is rather decentralisation the key? Has structure any influence on the way intelligence agencies perform? Answering these questions would reveal whether the adjustments to the structure of the Intelligence Community are justified or, on the contrary, determined by empirical fallacies, such as the “quick-fix” reorganisation syndrome. In a broader context, it would be also useful to know whether and how the effectiveness of counterterrorism intelligence could be improved by means of organisational structure. This research question implies the scholarly literature of two disciplines: organisation theory and political science (International Relations and Security Studies – Terrorism). The nature and functioning of organisations, in particular, decentralisation and its effects on effectiveness have been studied at the level of business and bureaucratic organisations, whereas studies on intelligence and its effectiveness are present within a broad range of security studies areas, including the newer – terrorism/ counterterrorism. Answering the above research question would therefore mean applying theories and evidence in the organisation theory and organisational behaviour literatures to the terrorism/ counterterrorism one.
