Representation And Processing Of Spatial Expressions

Author : Patrick Olivier,Klaus-Peter Gapp
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135690281

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Representation and Processing of Spatial Expressions by Patrick Olivier,Klaus-Peter Gapp Pdf

Coping with spatial expressions in a plausible manner is a crucial problem in a number of research fields, specifically cognitive science, artificial intelligence, psychology, and linguistics. This volume contains a set of theoretical analyses as well as accounts of applications which deal with the problems of representing and processing spatial expressions. These include dialogue understanding using mental images; interfaces to CAD and multi-media systems, such as natural language querying of photographic databases; speech-driven design and assembly; machine translation systems; spatial queries for Geographic Information Systems; and systems which generate spatial descriptions on the basis of maps, cognitive maps, or other spatial representations, such as intelligent vehicle navigation systems. Though there have been many different approaches to the representation and processing of spatial expressions, most existing computational characterizations have so far been restricted to particularly narrow problem domains, usually specific spatial contexts determined by overall system goals. To date, artificial intelligence research in this field has rarely taken advantage of language and spatial cognition studies carried out by the cognitive science community. One of the fundamental aims of this book is to bring together research from both disciplines in the belief that artificial intelligence has much to gain from an appreciation of cognitive theories.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:797765332

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Representation and Processing of Spatial Expressions by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kenny R. Coventry,P. Olivier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789401599283

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Spatial Language by Kenny R. Coventry,P. Olivier Pdf

People constantly talk to each other about experience or knowledge resulting from spatial perception; they describe the size, shape, orientation and position of objects using a wide range of spatial expressions. The semantic treatment of such expressions presents particular challenges for natural language processing. The meaning representation used must be capable of distinguishing between fine-grained sense differences and ambiguities grounded in our experience and perceptual structure. While there have been many different approaches to the representation and processing of spatial expressions, most computational characterisations have been restricted to particularly narrow problem domains. The chapters in the present volume reflect a commitment to the development of cognitively informed computational treatments of spatial language and spatial representation. Therefore the chapters present computational work, empirical work, or a combination of both. The book will appeal to all those interested in spatial language and spatial representation, whether they work in artificial intelligence, cognitive science, cognitive psychology or linguistics.

Author : Emile van der Zee,J. M. Slack
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0199260192

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Representing Direction in Language and Space by Emile van der Zee,J. M. Slack Pdf

This is the first book in a new series at the forefront of research in the interfaces between brain, perception, and language.

Author : Christian Freksa,Christopher Habel,Karl F. Wender
Publisher : Springer
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2003-05-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540693420

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Spatial Cognition by Christian Freksa,Christopher Habel,Karl F. Wender Pdf

Research on spatial cognition is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary enterprise for the study of spatial representations and cognitive spatial processes, be they real or abstract, human or machine. Spatial cognition brings together a variety of - search methodologies: empirical investigations on human and animal orientation and navigation; studies of communicating spatial knowledge using language and graphical or other pictorial means; the development of formal models for r- resenting and processing spatial knowledge; and computer implementations to solve spatial problems, to simulate human or animal orientation and navigation behavior, or to reproduce spatial communication patterns. These approaches can interact in interesting and useful ways: Results from empirical studies call for formal explanations both of the underlying memory structures and of the processes operating upon them; we can develop and - plement operational computer models obeying the relationships between objects and events described by the formal models; we can empirically test the computer models under a variety of conditions, and we can compare the results to the - sults from the human or animal experiments. A disagreement between these results can provide useful indications towards the re nement of the models.

Author : Gary A. Olson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000110883

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Experimental Comparisons of Usability Evaluation Methods by Gary A. Olson Pdf

This special issue contains essays regarding the CHI '95 conference, which featured a panel titled, Discount or Disservice? Discount Usability Analysis: Evaluation at a Bargain Price or Simply Damaged Merchandise? Wayne Gray, who organized the panel, presented a controversial critique of studies that had evaluated various usability evaluation methods (UEMs). The level of interest in this discussion led Gray to propose a review article that dealt with the issues in a more systematic fashion. The resulting essay, written by Gray and his collaborator Marilyn Salzman, conducted an in-depth review of a series of influential studies that used experimental methods to compare a variety of UEMs. Gray and Salzman's analysis was framed using Cook and Campbell's (1979) well-known discussion of various forms of validity. They used this to evaluate numerous details of these comparative studies, and they concluded that the studies fell short on the criteria by which good experimental studies are designed and interpreted.

Author : Donna J. Peuquet
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2002-06-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 1572307730

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Representations of Space and Time by Donna J. Peuquet Pdf

Recent advances in information technology have enabled scientists to generate unprecedented amounts of earth-related data, with tremendous potential for dealing with pressing social, economic, and environmental issues. Yet the volume and heterogeneity of available data clearly overwhelm traditional analytical approaches, as well as the human capacity to derive patterns and useful insights. This book examines how geospatial knowledge can be analyzed and represented in a manner that not only is accurate and coherent, but also makes intuitive sense to the end user. Integrating concepts and approaches from geography, computer science, cognitive psychology, and philosophy, Donna J. Peuquet explores the processes by which people acquire, represent, and utilize spatiotemporal knowledge. Arguing that the human user and the computer must be viewed as interrelated components of a single system, she provides principles and recommendations for improving the design of geographic information systems (GIS) and other geospatial modeling tools. An ideal student text or professional reference, this book fills a crucial need in geographic information science.

Author : Seán Ó Nualláin
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789027299888

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Spatial Cognition by Seán Ó Nualláin Pdf

Spatial Cognition brings together psychology, computer science, linguistics and geography, discussing how people think about space (our internal cognitive maps and spatial perception) and how we communicate about space, for instance giving route directions or using spatial metaphors. The technological applications adding dynamism to the area include computer interfaces, educational software, multimedia, and in-car navigation systems. On the experimental level, themes as varied as gender differences in orientation and — of course, wholly unrelated — the role of the hippocampus in rodent navigation are described. Much detailed analysis and computational modeling of the structure of short term memory (STM) is discussed. The papers were presented at the 1998 annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society of Ireland, Mind III. (Series B)

Author : Thomas Barkowsky,Markus Knauff,Gérard Ligozat,Daniel R. Montello
Publisher : Springer
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-16
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540756668

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Spatial Cognition V by Thomas Barkowsky,Markus Knauff,Gérard Ligozat,Daniel R. Montello Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2006. It covers spatial reasoning, human-robot interaction, visuo-spatial reasoning and spatial dynamics, spatial concepts, human memory, mental reasoning and assistance, spatial concepts, human memory and mental reasoning, navigation, wayfinding and route instructions as well as linguistic and social issues in spatial knowledge processing.

Author : C. Freksa,Markus Knauff,Bernd Krieg-Brückner,Thomas Barkowsky,Bernhard Nebel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 531 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540250487

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Spatial Cognition IV, Reasoning, Action, Interaction by C. Freksa,Markus Knauff,Bernd Krieg-Brückner,Thomas Barkowsky,Bernhard Nebel Pdf

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition 2004 held in Fauenchiemsee, Germany in October 2004. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on route directions, wayfinding, and spatial behaviour; description of space, prepositions and reference; meta-models, diagrams, and maps; spatial-temporal representation and reasoning; and robot mapping and piloting.

Author : Christian Freksa,Nora S. Newcombe,Peter Gärdenfors,Stefan Wölfl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540876007

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Spatial Cognition VI. Learning, Reasoning, and Talking about Space by Christian Freksa,Nora S. Newcombe,Peter Gärdenfors,Stefan Wölfl Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition, Spatial Cognition 2008, held in Freiburg, Germany, in September 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on spatial orientation, spatial navigation, spatial learning, maps and modalities, spatial communication, spatial language, similarity and abstraction, concepts and reference frames, as well as spatial modeling and spatial reasoning.

Author : Thora Tenbrink
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3110195208

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Space, Time, and the Use of Language by Thora Tenbrink Pdf

Does temporal language depend on spatial language? Many parallels between spatial and temporal expressions, and many examples of metaphorical processes, seem to prove this. But how are expressions such as before and after, in front and behind actually used in natural discourse - does their application reflect a conceptual dependency relation? The book addresses this question from an innovative perspective, drawing together earlier findings from various directions and supplementing them by empirical investigations. Gradually a new picture emerges: The concepts of space and time are represented in language usage in various systematic ways, reflecting how we understand the world - and at the same time reflecting how our concepts of space and time differ fundamentally.

Author : Bettina Berendt
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1586031104

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Representation and Processing of Knowledge About Distances in Environmental Space by Bettina Berendt Pdf

Knowledge about distances---along with knowledge about spatial direction---is one of the most important fundamentals for a cognitive agent's orientation, navigation, and route planning. However, only some distances can be perceived directly. Therefore, knowledge about distances must often be inferred from other sources of information. In cognitive science research on spatial cognition, this is investigated in different ways, using empirical studies, computer simulations, and knowledge representation approaches. This book presents a comprehensive interdisciplinary study of human distance cognition. It discusses results on knowledge about distances from artificial intelligence research and cognitive psychology, proposing an integrating formal framework. Focusing on knowledge about route distances, it then presents a computational model of the way in which humans infer knowledge about distances in environmental spaces like cities or buildings.

Author : Kelly S. Mix,Linda B. Smith,Linda B Smith,Michael Gasser
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199553242

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The Spatial Foundations of Cognition and Language by Kelly S. Mix,Linda B. Smith,Linda B Smith,Michael Gasser Pdf

This book presents recent research on the role of space as a mechanism in language use and learning. Experimental psychologists, computer scientists, robotocists, linguists, and researchers in child language consider the nature and applications of this research and its implications for understanding the processes involved in language acquisition.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Geographical Sciences Committee,Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2005-02-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309092081

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Learning to Think Spatially by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Geographical Sciences Committee,Committee on Support for Thinking Spatially: The Incorporation of Geographic Information Science Across the K-12 Curriculum Pdf

Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be recognized as a fundamental part of Kâ€"12 education and as an integrator and a facilitator for problem solving across the curriculum. With advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of geospatial data, spatial thinking will play a significant role in the information-based economy of the twenty-first century. Using appropriately designed support systems tailored to the Kâ€"12 context, spatial thinking can be taught formally to all students. A geographic information system (GIS) offers one example of a high-technology support system that can enable students and teachers to practice and apply spatial thinking in many areas of the curriculum.