Resolve In International Politics

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Resolve in International Politics

Joshua D. Kertzer
Resolve in International Politics Book PDF

Author : Joshua D. Kertzer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691181080

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Resolve in International Politics by Joshua D. Kertzer Pdf

Why do some leaders and segments of the public display remarkable persistence in confrontations in international politics, while others cut and run? The answer given by policymakers, pundits, and political scientists usually relates to issues of resolve. Yet, though we rely on resolve to explain almost every phenomenon in international politics—from prevailing at the bargaining table to winning on the battlefield—we don't understand what it is, how it works, or where it comes from. Resolve in International Politics draws on a growing body of research in psychology and behavioral economics to explore the foundations of this important idea. Joshua Kertzer argues that political will is more than just a metaphor or figure of speech: the same traits social scientists and decision-making scholars use to comprehend willpower in our daily lives also shape how we respond to the costs of war and conflict. Combining laboratory and survey experiments with studies of great power military interventions in the postwar era from 1946 to 2003, Kertzer shows how time and risk preferences, honor orientation, and self-control help explain the ways leaders and members of the public define the situations they face and weigh the trade-offs between the costs of fighting and the costs of backing down. Offering a novel in-depth look at how willpower functions in international relations, Resolve in International Politics has critical implications for understanding political psychology, public opinion about foreign policy, leaders in military interventions, and international security.

Reputation for Resolve

Danielle L. Lupton
Reputation for Resolve Book PDF

Author : Danielle L. Lupton
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501747731

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Reputation for Resolve by Danielle L. Lupton Pdf

How do reputations form in international politics? What influence do these reputations have on the conduct of international affairs? In Reputation for Resolve, Danielle L. Lupton takes a new approach to answering these enduring and hotly debated questions by shifting the focus away from the reputations of countries and instead examining the reputations of individual leaders. Lupton argues that new leaders establish personal reputations for resolve that are separate from the reputations of their predecessors and from the reputations of their states. Using innovative survey experiments and in-depth archival research, she finds that leaders acquire personal reputations for resolve based on their foreign policy statements and behavior. Reputation for Resolve shows that statements create expectations of how leaders will react to foreign policy crises in the future and that leaders who fail to meet expectations of resolute action face harsh reputational consequences. Reputation for Resolve challenges the view that reputations do not matter in international politics. In sharp contrast, Lupton shows that the reputations for resolve of individual leaders influence the strategies statesmen pursue during diplomatic interactions and crises, and she delineates specific steps policymakers can take to avoid developing reputations for irresolute action. Lupton demonstrates that reputations for resolve do exist and can influence the conduct of international security. Thus, Reputation for Resolve reframes our understanding of the influence of leaders and their rhetoric on crisis bargaining and the role reputations play in international politics.

Statements of Resolve

Roseanne W. McManus
Statements of Resolve Book PDF

Author : Roseanne W. McManus
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107170346

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Statements of Resolve by Roseanne W. McManus Pdf

This book analyzes the conditions under which leaders can use resolved statements to effectively coerce foreign adversaries.

Fighting for Credibility

Frank P. Harvey,John Mitton
Fighting for Credibility Book PDF

Author : Frank P. Harvey,John Mitton
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781487511760

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Fighting for Credibility by Frank P. Harvey,John Mitton Pdf

When Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons against his own people in Syria, he clearly crossed President Barack Obama’s "red line." At the time, many argued that the president had to bomb in order to protect America's reputation for toughness, and therefore its credibility, abroad; others countered that concerns regarding reputation were overblown, and that reputations are irrelevant for coercive diplomacy. Whether international reputations matter is the question at the heart of Fighting for Credibility. For skeptics, past actions and reputations have no bearing on an adversary’s assessment of credibility; power and interests alone determine whether a threat is believed. Using a nuanced and sophisticated theory of rational deterrence, Frank P. Harvey and John Mitton argue the opposite: ignoring reputations sidesteps important factors about how adversaries perceive threats. Focusing on cases of asymmetric US encounters with smaller powers since the end of the Cold War including Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, and Syria, Harvey and Mitton reveal that reputations matter for credibility in international politics. This dynamic and deeply documented study successfully brings reputation back to the table of foreign diplomacy.

Of Friends and Foes

Mark J. C. Crescenzi
Of Friends and Foes Book PDF

Author : Mark J. C. Crescenzi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190609528

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Of Friends and Foes by Mark J. C. Crescenzi Pdf

"Do reputations affect world politics? Crescenzi develops a theory of reputation dynamics to identify when reputations form and how they affect world politics. He identifies patterns of reputation's influence in cooperation and conflict. Reputations for conflict exacerbate crises while reputations for cooperation and reliability make future cooperation more likely"--

Power and Progress

Jack Snyder
Power and Progress Book PDF

Author : Jack Snyder
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136467684

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Power and Progress by Jack Snyder Pdf

Jack Snyder is a leading American international relations scholar with an international reputation for his research on IR theory and US Foreign policy. This book collects many of his most important essays into a single volume. Exploring a liberal realist theory of international politics, the book is arranged around three key subject areas: Anarchy and Its Effects The Challenges of Democratic Consolidation Empire and the Promotion of a Liberal Order With a new introduction to frame the selected essays, this collection examines how developing nations evolve political systems, and fit into a world dominated by liberal-democracies. It looks to the future for the current dominant powers in a changing world of international relations and at the challenges to their leadership. Featuring a new conclusion, developed from the assembled chapters, this is a fascinating and vital collection of scholarship from one of the most influential theorists of his generation. Power and Progress is an invaluable text for students and scholars of international relations, and those interested in the debates on liberalism and realism, and comparative politics.

Nationalisms in International Politics

Kathleen E. Powers
Nationalisms in International Politics Book PDF

Author : Kathleen E. Powers
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691224589

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Nationalisms in International Politics by Kathleen E. Powers Pdf

How the ideas that animate nationalism influence whether it causes—or calms—conflict With nationalism on the rise around the world, many worry that nationalistic attitudes could lead to a surge in deadly conflict. To combat this trend, federations like the European Union have tried to build inclusive regional identities to overcome nationalist distrust and inspire international cooperation. Yet not all nationalisms are alike. Nationalisms in International Politics draws on insights from psychology to explore when nationalist commitments promote conflict—and when they foster cooperation. Challenging the received wisdom about nationalism and military aggression, Kathleen Powers differentiates nationalisms built on unity from those built on equality, and explains how each of these norms give rise to distinct foreign policy attitudes. Combining innovative US experiments with fresh analyses of European mass and elite survey data, she argues that unity encourages support for external conflict and undermines regional trust and cooperation, whereas equality mitigates militarism and facilitates support for security cooperation. Nationalisms in International Politics provides a rigorous and compelling look at how different forms of nationalism shape foreign policy attitudes, and raises important questions about whether transnational identities increase support for cooperation or undermine it.

Who Fights for Reputation

Keren Yarhi-Milo
Who Fights for Reputation Book PDF

Author : Keren Yarhi-Milo
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691181288

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Who Fights for Reputation by Keren Yarhi-Milo Pdf

How psychology explains why a leader is willing to use military force to protect or salvage reputation In Who Fights for Reputation, Keren Yarhi-Milo provides an original framework, based on insights from psychology, to explain why some political leaders are more willing to use military force to defend their reputation than others. Rather than focusing on a leader's background, beliefs, bargaining skills, or biases, Yarhi-Milo draws a systematic link between a trait called self-monitoring and foreign policy behavior. She examines self-monitoring among national leaders and advisers and shows that while high self-monitors modify their behavior strategically to cultivate image-enhancing status, low self-monitors are less likely to change their behavior in response to reputation concerns. Exploring self-monitoring through case studies of foreign policy crises during the terms of U.S. presidents Carter, Reagan, and Clinton, Yarhi-Milo disproves the notion that hawks are always more likely than doves to fight for reputation. Instead, Yarhi-Milo demonstrates that a decision maker's propensity for impression management is directly associated with the use of force to restore a reputation for resolve on the international stage. Who Fights for Reputation offers a brand-new understanding of the pivotal influence that psychological factors have on political leadership, military engagement, and the protection of public prestige.

Perception and Misperception in International Politics

Robert Jervis
Perception and Misperception in International Politics Book PDF

Author : Robert Jervis
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400885114

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Perception and Misperception in International Politics by Robert Jervis Pdf

Since its original publication in 1976, Perception and Misperception in International Politics has become a landmark book in its field, hailed by the New York Times as "the seminal statement of principles underlying political psychology." This new edition includes an extensive preface by the author reflecting on the book's lasting impact and legacy, particularly in the application of cognitive psychology to political decision making, and brings that analysis up to date by discussing the relevant psychological research over the past forty years. Jervis describes the process of perception (for example, how decision makers learn from history) and then explores common forms of misperception (such as overestimating one's influence). He then tests his ideas through a number of important events in international relations from nineteenth- and twentieth-century European history. Perception and Misperception in International Politics is essential for understanding international relations today.

The United Nations in International Politics

Leon Gordenker
The United Nations in International Politics Book PDF

Author : Leon Gordenker
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-14
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781400886241

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The United Nations in International Politics by Leon Gordenker Pdf

Six authors, all of whom have been associated with the Center of International Studies at Princeton University, take the occasion of the twentyfifth anniversary of the United Nations to reexamine the UN's role and work in the world today and to anticipate its future. Chapters ranging from the theoretical to the detailed and practical include "The United Nations and the International System," by Oran R. Young; "The United Nations and the League," by Stanley Michalak; "An Inquiry into the Successes and Failures of the United Nations General Assembly," by Gabriella Rosner Lande; "International Organization and Internal Conflicts," by Linda Miller; "The United Nations and Economic and Social Change," by Leon Gordenker; and "The United Nations: Various Systems of Organization," by Richard A. Falk. Originally published in 1971. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Secret Wars

Austin Carson
Secret Wars Book PDF

Author : Austin Carson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691204123

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Secret Wars by Austin Carson Pdf

Secret Wars is the first book to systematically analyze the ways powerful states covertly participate in foreign wars, showing a recurring pattern of such behavior stretching from World War I to U.S.-occupied Iraq. Investigating what governments keep secret during wars and why, Austin Carson argues that leaders maintain the secrecy of state involvement as a response to the persistent concern of limiting war. Keeping interventions “backstage” helps control escalation dynamics, insulating leaders from domestic pressures while communicating their interest in keeping a war contained. Carson shows that covert interventions can help control escalation, but they are almost always detected by other major powers. However, the shared value of limiting war can lead adversaries to keep secret the interventions they detect, as when American leaders concealed clashes with Soviet pilots during the Korean War. Escalation concerns can also cause leaders to ignore covert interventions that have become an open secret. From Nazi Germany’s role in the Spanish Civil War to American covert operations during the Vietnam War, Carson presents new insights about some of the most influential conflicts of the twentieth century. Parting the curtain on the secret side of modern war, Secret Wars provides important lessons about how rival state powers collude and compete, and the ways in which they avoid outright military confrontations.

Risk-Taking in International Politics

Rose McDermott
Risk Taking in International Politics Book PDF

Author : Rose McDermott
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0472087878

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Risk-Taking in International Politics by Rose McDermott Pdf

Discusses the way leaders deal with risk in making foreign policy decisions

Elusive Peace

Douglas E. Noll
Elusive Peace Book PDF

Author : Douglas E. Noll
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781616144180

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Elusive Peace by Douglas E. Noll Pdf

This in-depth analysis goes behind the headlines to understand why crucial negotiations fail. The author argues that diplomats often enter negotiations with flawed assumptions about human behavior, sovereignty, and power. Essentially, the international community is using a model of European diplomacy dating back to the 18th century to solve the complex problems of the 21st century. Through numerous examples, the author shows that the key failure in current diplomatic efforts is the entrenched belief that nations, through their representatives, will act rationally to further their individual political, economic, and strategic interests. However, the contemporary scientific understanding of how people act and see their world does not support this assumption. On the contrary, research from decision-making theory, behavioral economics, social neuropsychology, and current best practices in mediation indicate that emotional and irrational factors often have as much, if not more, to do with the success or failure of a mediated solution. Reviewing a wide range of conflicts and negotiations, Noll demonstrates that the best efforts of negotiators often failed because they did not take into account the deep-seated values and emotions of the disputing parties. In conclusion, Noll draws on his own long experience as a professional mediator to describe the process of building trust and creating a climate of empathy that is the key to successful negotiation and can go a long way toward resolving even seemingly intractable conflicts.

World Politics since 1989

Jonathan Holslag
World Politics since 1989 Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Holslag
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781509546749

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World Politics since 1989 by Jonathan Holslag Pdf

1989 ushered in a new age of freedom and prosperity. Thirty years later, the golden era is over. What went wrong? How did the age of globalization – of growing connectivity, affluence, and growth – give way? Jonathan Holslag navigates through the calm seas and rip tides of global politics from the Cold War to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. He tells a story of faltering momentum and squandered opportunities that explains how the West’s sources of strength were lost to rising consumerism, unbalanced trade, and half-hearted diplomatic engagement. All the while, other powers, like China and Russia, grew stronger. With his trademark verve, Holslag untangles the threads of this story to reveal that it was not so much the ambition of China, the cunning of Putin, or the greed of African strongmen that led the world into this dark place; it was the failure of the West to listen to its people, to show clear leadership, and reinvent itself, in spite of ample evidence that things were going awry.

Knowing the Adversary

Keren Yarhi-Milo
Knowing the Adversary Book PDF

Author : Keren Yarhi-Milo
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400850419

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Knowing the Adversary by Keren Yarhi-Milo Pdf

States are more likely to engage in risky and destabilizing actions such as military buildups and preemptive strikes if they believe their adversaries pose a tangible threat. Yet despite the crucial importance of this issue, we don't know enough about how states and their leaders draw inferences about their adversaries' long-term intentions. Knowing the Adversary draws on a wealth of historical archival evidence to shed new light on how world leaders and intelligence organizations actually make these assessments. Keren Yarhi-Milo examines three cases: Britain's assessments of Nazi Germany's intentions in the 1930s, America's assessments of the Soviet Union's intentions during the Carter administration, and the Reagan administration's assessments of Soviet intentions near the end of the Cold War. She advances a new theoretical framework—called selective attention—that emphasizes organizational dynamics, personal diplomatic interactions, and cognitive and affective factors. Yarhi-Milo finds that decision makers don't pay as much attention to those aspects of state behavior that major theories of international politics claim they do. Instead, they tend to determine the intentions of adversaries on the basis of preexisting beliefs, theories, and personal impressions. Yarhi-Milo also shows how intelligence organizations rely on very different indicators than decision makers, focusing more on changes in the military capabilities of adversaries. Knowing the Adversary provides a clearer picture of the historical validity of existing theories, and broadens our understanding of the important role that diplomacy plays in international security.