Securitization Of The Umbrella Movement In Hong Kong

Author : Cora Y.T. Hui
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429766589

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Securitization of the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong by Cora Y.T. Hui Pdf

In recent years, the city many hoped would help democratize China has instead become a research setting in which to study China’s increasing intolerance of dissent. Since Hong Kong’s return to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, China’s treatment of Hong Kong could be divided into three stages: non-intervention, intervention, and securitization. If the July 1 march in 2003 is a watershed that marked Beijing’s change from non-intervention to intervention, this book suggests that the Umbrella Movement in 2014 is another watershed that marked Beijing’s change from intervention to securitization. This book is a theoretically driven case study of the Umbrella Movement, a massive sit-in that paralyzed key business and retail districts for 79 days in Hong Kong in 2014. Many Hongkongers believe that they have the right to a fair election of the chief executive, and Beijing’s insistence on vetting candidates prompted the outbreak of the Umbrella Movement. Drawing insights from the securitization theory and fear appeal literature, the book proposes the framework of “security appeal.” It argues that the outbreak of the Umbrella Movement resulted from a premature use of hard repression, that is, before the government convinced the general public that the Umbrella Movement was a threat. The eventual successful securitization entails a general acceptance of the threatening nature of the Umbrella Movement and agreement with its crackdown. This book concludes that one of the consequences of the securitization of the Umbrella Movement is Beijing’s eventual switch to the policy of “patriotocracy” – a system that allocates power and resources based on one’s professed patriotism – in lieu of One Country, Two Systems. The policy implications and theoretical and methodological contributions of this book will be of interest to scholars and students of security studies; Chinese politics; and various social science disciplines, including political science, psychology, criminology, and sociology.

Author : Louis Augustin-Jean,Anthea H.Y. Cheung
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351255493

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The Economic Roots of the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong by Louis Augustin-Jean,Anthea H.Y. Cheung Pdf

In the autumn of 2014, thousands of people, young and educated in their majority, occupied the chief business district and seat of the government in Hong Kong. The protest, known as the Umbrella Movement, called for ‘genuine democracy’, as well as a fairer social and economic system. The book aims to provide a dynamic framework to explain why socioeconomic forces converged to produce such a situation. Examining increasing inequality, rising prices and stagnating incomes, it stresses the role of economic and social factors, as opposed to the domestic political and constitutional issues often assumed to be the root cause behind the protests. It first argues that globalization and the increasing influence of China’s economy in Hong Kong has weighted on salaries. Second, it shows that the oligopolistic nature of the local economy has generated rents, which have reinforced inequality. The book demonstrates that the younger generation, which is still finding its place in society, has been particularly affected by these phenomena, especially with social mobility at a low point. Offering a new approach to studying the Umbrella Movement, this book will appeal to students and scholars interested in Hong Kong's political landscape, as well Chinese politics more broadly.

Author : Francis L. F. Lee,Joseph M. Chan
Publisher : Oxford Studies in Digital Poli
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0190856785

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Media and Protest Logics in the Digital Era by Francis L. F. Lee,Joseph M. Chan Pdf

Digital and social media are increasingly integrated into the dynamics of protest movements around the world. They strengthen the mobilization power of movements, extend movement networks, facilitate new modes of protest participation, and give rise to new protest formations. Meanwhile, conventional media remains an important arena where protesters and their targets contest for public support. This book examines the role of the media -- understood as an integrated system comprised of both conventional media institutions and digital media platforms -- in the formation and dynamics of the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong. For 79 days in 2014, Hong Kong became the focus of international attention due to a public demonstration for genuine democracy that would become known as the Umbrella Movement. During this time, twenty percent of the local population would join the demonstration, the most large-scale and sustained act of civil disobedience in Hong Kong's history -- and the largest public protest campaign in China since the 1989 student movement in Beijing. On the surface, this movement was not unlike other large-scale protest movements that have occurred around the world in recent years. However, it was distinct in how bottom-up processes evolved into a centrally organized, programmatic movement with concrete policy demands. In this book, Francis L. F. Lee and Joseph M. Chan connect the case of the Umbrella Movement to recent theorizations of new social movement formations. Here, Lee and Chan analyze how traditional mass media institutions and digital media combined with on-the-ground networks in such a way as to propel citizen participation and the evolution of the movement as a whole. As such, they argue that the Umbrella Movement is important in the way it sheds light on the rise of digital-media-enabled social movements, the relationship between digital media platforms and legacy media institutions, the power and limitations of such occupation protests and new "action logics," and the continual significance of old protest logics of resource mobilization and collective action frames. Through a combination of protester surveys, population surveys, analyses of news contents and social media activities, this book reconstructs a rich and nuanced account of the Umbrella Movement, providing insight into numerous issues about the media-movement nexus in the digital era.

Author : Ngok Ma,Edmund W. Cheng
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789048535248

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The Umbrella Movement by Ngok Ma,Edmund W. Cheng Pdf

This volume examines the most spectacular struggle for democracy in post-handover Hong Kong. Bringing together scholars with different disciplinary focuses and comparative perspectives from mainland China, Taiwan and Macau, one common thread that stitches the chapters is the use of first-hand data collected through on-site fieldwork. This study unearths how trajectories can create favourable conditions for the spontaneous civil resistance despite the absence of political opportunities and surveys the dynamics through which the protestors, the regime and the wider public responses differently to the prolonged contentious space. *The Umbrella Movement: Civil Resistance and Contentious Space in Hong Kong* offers an informed analysis of the political future of Hong Kong and its relations with the authoritarian sovereignty as well as sheds light on the methodological challenges and promises in studying modern-day protests.

Author : Simon Xu-Hui Shen,Wilson Wai Shun Chan
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Europe Limited
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1783269405

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Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong from Comparative Perspectives, The: Strategies and Legacies by Simon Xu-Hui Shen,Wilson Wai Shun Chan Pdf

As one of the key pro-democracy movements of the 21st Century, Hong Kong's 'Umbrella Movement' provides important insight into the organization and structure of modern-day social protests. The Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong from Comparative Perspectives provides innovative insight into the movement itself, through the lens of comparative studies of other revolutionary campaigns.Divided into three main sections, the first discusses the theoretical framework behind the movement. The second and third take analysis further with analysis of the causes, strategies and legacies which have shaped previous protests, this book aims to shed light on their impact and on our understanding of social unrest in the digital era.As a comprehensive look into Hong Kong's culture, society and politics, this book is perfect as an introductory text for students who are interested in Hong Kong Studies and comparative social movements.

Author : Ching Kwan Lee,Ming Sing
Publisher : ILR Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Civil disobedience
ISBN : 1501740911

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Take Back Our Future by Ching Kwan Lee,Ming Sing Pdf

"This book explains the contexts, causes and consequences of the 2014 Hong Kong Umbrella Movement, a 79-day mass occupation protest in one of the world's most affluent financial centers"--

Author : Tianyang Liu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000508277

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China’s Soft War on Terror by Tianyang Liu Pdf

This book explores how the Chinese government reasserts its control and management of public spaces as part of its overall counter-terrorism strategy. The work focuses primarily on the banal and alternative forms that China’s ‘war on terror’ takes: the everyday, non-military, socio-economic and spatio-material. It presents three different cases of control associated with the state’s effort to manage material, social and digital public spaces as remedies to terrorism and ethnic unrest in China: the redevelopment project of Kashgar—the ‘home’ of Uyghur culture—from 2001 to 2017; the forging of local partnerships with potential agents (i.e. the local cadres and imams in Xinjiang) as part of the process of implementing counter-terrorism policies; and an online campaign about international terrorism that appeared on Sina Weibo. Using securitization theory as a theoretical framework, the book establishes links between human geography and critical security studies and advances the understanding of non-confrontational forms of resistance in China. It also focuses attention on the binary relationship between the securitizing agency of the state and the counter-securitization agency of ‘terrorists’, while also exploring the manner in which other societal forces interact with these processes. This book will be of interest to students of critical terrorism studies, Chinese studies, human geography, and security studies.

Author : Ching Kwan Lee
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-09-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108906647

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Hong Kong by Ching Kwan Lee Pdf

How did Hong Kong transform itself from a 'shoppers' and capitalists' paradise' into a 'city of protests' at the frontline of a global anti-China backlash? CK Lee situates the post-1997 China–Hong Kong contestation in the broader context of 'global China.' Beijing deploys a bundle of power mechanisms – economic statecraft, patron-clientelism, and symbolic domination – around the world, including Hong Kong. This Chinese power project triggers a variety of countermovements from Asia to Africa, ranging from acquiescence and adaptation to appropriation and resistance. In Hong Kong, reactions against the totality of Chinese power have taken the form of eventful protests, which, over two decades, have broadened into a momentous decolonization struggle. More than an ideological conflict between a liberal capitalist democratizing city and its Communist authoritarian sovereign, the Hong Kong story, stunning and singular in its many peculiarities, offers lessons about China as a global force. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Author : Tsung-gan Kong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 658 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-09
Category : Hong Kong (China)
ISBN : 0997238534

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Umbrella by Tsung-gan Kong Pdf

Author : Juha A. Vuori
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2023-12-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781003807049

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Chinese Macrosecuritization by Juha A. Vuori Pdf

This book provides a holistic picture of Chinese global security discourses, with a focus on macrosecuritizations. The work examines how the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has aligned itself within global security discourses. This is approached through the theory of securitization, specifically by using the notion of macrosecuritization as the lens for its analysis. The book offers the first full account of Chinese macrosecuritization discourses and alignments, and it aims to discern what security speech with referent objects such as humanity, civilization, or nature has done in the domestic and international politics of China. Specifically, the work focuses on the discourses of the Cold War, anti-nuclear weapons, climate change, and the Global War on Terror, which have all been postulated in the literature as macrosecuritizations. In addition, it examines discourses with global referent objects that have been put forth by the PRC so that we can see whether its proposals for global security governance take the form of, or are legitimated through, macrosecuritization. The overall argument in the book is that the way contemporary China uses macrosecuritization discourses provides for ontological security as its position in relation to other major powers is undergoing transformation, by allowing it to maintain a consistent narrative of its international self that abides by its own set of moral values and sense of worth. This book will be of interest to students of critical security studies, Chinese politics and International Relations.

Author : Barry Percy-Smith,Nigel Patrick Thomas,Claire O'Kane,Afua Twum-Danso Imoh
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000871425

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A Handbook of Children and Young People’s Participation by Barry Percy-Smith,Nigel Patrick Thomas,Claire O'Kane,Afua Twum-Danso Imoh Pdf

This new edition of A Handbook of Children and Young People’s Participation brings together work from research and practice to reflect on some of the key developments in the field since the first edition published in 2010. Subtitled ‘Conversations for Transformational Change’, the collection focuses on both ongoing and new discourses that enable us to advance thinking and practice to better understand what it means for participation to be transformational. Featuring all new content, it explores the developments that have been achieved in theory and practice in the last decade as well as the challenges and, indeed, the limitations of dominant participation approaches with children and young people in achieving genuine societal transformation. A key feature of the Handbook is the inclusion of young people as co-authors in many of the chapters. Foregrounding aspects of participation as experienced by diverse groups of children and young people, the book especially illuminates the experiences and perspectives of participation relating to groups of children who face particular challenges, such as displaced children and children living with disabilities and young people from indigenous groups in a range of contexts. The broad spectrum of debates that the text covers will be invaluable in challenging and transforming thinking and practice for a wide range of scholars, practitioners, activists and young people themselves. It will additionally be suitable for use on a wide range of courses including childhood and youth studies, sociology, law, political studies, community development, development studies, children’s rights, citizenship studies, education and social work.

Author : Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific a
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-11
Category : Democracy
ISBN : 1508430187

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Evaluating the Impact of the Umbrella Movement by Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific a Pdf

As President Obama said at a press conference in Beijing last month with President Xi Jinping standing right next to him, the United States consistently speaks out on the right of people to express themselves and encourages that the elections in Hong Kong are transparent and fair and reflective of the opinions of the people there. The legitimacy of the Hong King Chief Executive will be greatly enhanced by universal suffrage, by an election that provides the people of Hong Kong a meaningful choice of candidates representative of the voters' will. This means allowing for a competitive election in which a range of candidates with different policy approaches are given an opportunity to seek the support of eligible Hong Kong voters. In regard to the ongoing pro-democracy demonstrations in Hong Kong, the United States has consistently emphasized our support for freedom of assembly and freedom of expression. The United States, as well as China, has a vested interest in preserving the system and autonomy of Hong Kong that brings stability and prosperity.

Author : Wai-man Lam,Luke Cooper (Lecturer in politics)
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Citizenship
ISBN : 1138632953

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Citizenship, Identity and Social Movements in the New Hong Kong by Wai-man Lam,Luke Cooper (Lecturer in politics) Pdf

This book provides an accessible entry point into the political and social cleavages that underpinned, and were expressed through, the Umbrella Movement.

Author : Anna High
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-17
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780429823848

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Non-Governmental Orphan Relief in China by Anna High Pdf

Based on field studies and in-depth interviews across rural and urban China, this book presents a socio-legal analysis of non-state organised care for some of China's most vulnerable children. The first full-length book to examine non-state organised care of modern China's ‘lonely children’ (gu'er), this book describes the context in which abandonment occurs and the care provided to children unlikely to be adopted because of their disability. It also explores the various faith groups and humanitarian workers providing this care in private orphanages and foster homes in response to perceived deficiencies in the state orphanage system, in the context of a broader societal shift from ‘welfare statism’ to ‘welfare pluralism’. Formal law and policy has not always kept pace with this shift. This study demonstrates that, in practice, state regulation of these unauthorised care providers has mostly centred on local-level negotiations, hidden rules, and discretion, with mixed outcomes for children. However there has also been a recent shift towards tighter state control and clearer laws, policies, and standards. This timely research sheds light on the life paths and stories of today's ‘lonely children’ and the changing terrain of civil society, humanitarianism, policy-making, and state power in modern China. As such, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Asian and Chinese studies, law and society, NGOs, and comparative social and child welfare.

Author : Iam-chong Ip
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000764987

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Hong Kong’s New Identity Politics by Iam-chong Ip Pdf

Ip uses Hong Kong as a case study in how the production of the desire for "the local" lies at the heart of global cultural economy. Perhaps more so than most places, the construction of a local identity in Hong Kong has come about through a complex interplay of neoliberalism, postcoloniality and reaction to the consequent anxieties and uncertainties. As its importance as an economic centre has diminished and its relationship with Mainland China has become more strained, its people have become more concerned to define a "Hong Kong" identity that can be defended from external threat. Ip analyses the working and reworking of power relations and modes of agency in this global city. A must read for scholars of Hong Kong politics and society as well as a fascinating case study for scholars of identity politics as a global phenomenon.