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Author : V. Babuska,M Cara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401136006
Author : Jaroslava Plomerova,Robert C. Liebermann,Vladislav Babuska
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034887779
Plate tectonics has significantly broadened our view of the dynamics of continental evolution, involving both the processes currently active at the surface and those extending deep into the interior of the Earth. Seismic anisotropy provides some of the most diagnostic evidence for mapping past and present deformation of the entire crustmantle system. This volume contains papers presented originally at an international workshop at the Chateau of Trest in the Czech Republic in 1996. This workshop brought together geophysicists and geologists who work in the field of observational and theoretical seismology, mineral and rock physics, gravity studies and geodynamic modelling. Topics include large-scale anisotropy of the Earth's mantle, mantle heterogeneity vs. anisotropy 3-D velocity and density structures and inferences on mantle dynamics, mineral and rock physics studies, and mathematical aspects of complex wave propagation.
Author : Jaroslava Plomerova,Robert C. Liebermann,Vladislav Babuska
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1998-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 3764359072
Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), Volume 151 (1998), No. 2/3/4
Author : Caroline Beghein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Anisotropy
ISBN : STANFORD:36105113415454
Author : Erling Fjaer,Rune M. Holt,Jaswant S. Rathore
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 778 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Nature
ISBN : STANFORD:36105110503609
Author : Hauke Marquardt,Maxim Ballmer,Sanne Cottaar,Jasper Konter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119528616
A multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author : Dirk Gajewski,Wolfgang Rabbel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1999-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 3764362103
DEKORP, the German continental reflection seismic program, was the major focus of deep seismic research in Germany in the 1980s and 1990s. The seismic sections provided fundamental new insight into deep geological structure of the European continent and the dynamics of continental formation. They formed the basis for worldwide comparative studies of orogenic structure. The complicated signature of the reflections from the deep crust indicated that new processing and interpretation techniques must be considered to better image the crystalline crust. Results of these efforts, including pre-stack migration, 3-D imaging, shear waves and seismic anisotropy, are presented in this special volume. In part, the articles open the perspective to new and future research. In part, they document research activity triggered by technical and interpretational questions raised by DEKORP field work and profiling results. Many of the presented methods can find immediate application in industrial seismic prospecting.
Author : Leon Thomsen
Publisher : SEG Books
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781560803263
Understanding Seismic Anisotropy in Exploration and Exploitation (second edition) by Leon Thomsen is designed to show you how to recognize the effects of anisotropy in your data and to provide you with the intuitive concepts that you will need to analyze it. Since its original publication in 2002, seismic anisotropy has become a mainstream topic in exploration geophysics. With the emergence of the shale resource play, the issues of seismic anisotropy have become central, because all shales are seismically anisotropic, whether fractured or not. With the advent of wide-azimuth surveying, it has become apparent that most rocks are azimuthally anisotropic, with P-wave velocities and P-AVO gradients varying with source-receiver azimuth. What this means is that analysis of such data with narrow-azimuth algorithms and concepts will necessarily fail to get the most out of this expensively acquired data. The issues include not only seismic wave propagation, but also seismic rock physics. Isotropic concepts including velocity, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio have no place in the discussion of anisotropic rocks, unless qualified in some directional way (e.g., vertical Young’s modulus). Likewise, fluid substitution in anisotropic rocks, using the isotropic Biot/Gassmann formula, leads to formal errors, because the bulk modulus does not appear, in a natural way, within the anisotropic P-wave velocity. This updated edition is now current as of 2014.
Author : Yu-Pin Lin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811050688
This book presents investigations on the Earth's seismic structure using both active-source and natural earthquake records. It discusses the ground-truth data obtained from the TAiwan Integrated GEodynamics Research (TAIGER) active-source experiments that provides excellent and unique insights into the shallow crustal structures beneath Taiwan. It also explores the full-wave sensitivity kernels, which account for the effects of all possible wave interferences involved in shear-wave splitting and therefore loosen the restrictions on source-receiver geometry amenable to shear-wave splitting analysis. Moreover, it describes the 3D Fréchet kernels, which enable us to resolve the vertical and lateral variations in seismic anisotropy and obtain 3D images of the Earth's anisotropic structure, as well as the practice in Southern California that enables us to infer the state of the stress and strain in the lithosphere and the dynamics of the asthenospheric mantle flow for a better understanding of the strength and deformation in the upper mantle beneath the San Andreas Fault system.
Author : Nick Barton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 729 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2006-11-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781134160136
Seismic measurements take many forms, and appear to have a universal role in the Earth Sciences. They are the means for most easily and economically interpreting what lies beneath the visible surface. There are huge economic rewards and losses to be made when interpreting the shallow crust or subsurface more, or less accurately, as the case may be.
Author : Hrvoje Tkalčić
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107037304
The first comprehensive review of past and contemporary research on the Earth's inner core from a seismological perspective. Providing a detailed account of how seismology is used in inner core research, and suggesting avenues for further study, it is an essential resource for researchers and students studying seismology and deep Earth processes.
Author : Barbara Romanowicz,Adam Dziewonski
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 873 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444535757
Treatise on Geophysics: Seismology and Structure of the Earth, Volume 1, provides a comprehensive review of the state of knowledge on the Earths structure and earthquakes. It addresses various aspects of structural seismology and its applications to other fields of Earth sciences. The book is organized into four parts. The first part principally covers theoretical developments and seismic data analysis techniques from the end of the nineteenth century until the present, with the main emphasis on the development of instrumentation and its deployment. The second part reviews the status of knowledge on the structure of the Earths shallow layers, starting with a global review of the Earth's crustal structure. The third part focuses on the Earth's deep structure, divided into its main units: the upper mantle, the transition zone and upper-mantle discontinuities, the D region at the base of the mantle, and the Earth's core. The fourth part comprises two chapters which discuss constraints on Earth structure from fields other than seismology: mineral physics and geodynamics. Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding Content suited for both the expert and non-expert
Author : Colin MacBeth,Heloise B. Lynn
Publisher : SEG Books
Page : 740 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105110348625
Author : Michael Gurnis
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1998-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822025707605
The two giant heat engines responsible for plate tectonics and the geodynamo dynamically interact at the core-mantle boundary of the Earth's interior. A multidisciplinary approach is required to determine the composition, structure, and dynamics of the interface. This volume describes original and fundamental research in seismology, geodynamics, mineral physics, and geomagnetism.
Author : Andy Nowacki
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642348426
The Earth's rocky mantle convects to lose heat, which comes from the liquid iron core below. The mantle's interfaces - the core-mantle boundary, and the lithosphere - may hold the key to understanding mantle motion because of the seismic anisotropy present in these parts of the Earth. In this thesis, Andy Nowacki presents a precise but comprehensive review of the current state of the art in studying flow with anisotropy, mineral physics and geodynamics. New measurements of shear wave anisotropy in the lowermost mantle and at mid-ocean ridges are used to constrain mechanisms of creep and melt extraction in the mantle. A model of global flow is used to predict anisotropy in the deep Earth, and novel methods to forward model shear wave splitting are described. Future studies of mantle flow must incorporate the understanding gained in this thesis. The thesis contains a substantive introduction to the structure of the Earth, seismic anisotropy in general and in the core-mantle boundary region, and mid-ocean ridge processes. It also describes novel methods for forward modelling and interpreting shear wave splitting data. Three chapters present timely research into dynamics at divergent plate boundaries and at the core-mantle boundary.