Selective Cox 2 Inhibitors

Author : Sir John R. Vane,Jack H. Botting
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401148726

Get Book

Selective COX-2 Inhibitors by Sir John R. Vane,Jack H. Botting Pdf

The mainstay of therapy for rheumatoid disease is the non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), despite their inherent gastrointestinal toxicity and ability to cause renal damage in susceptible patients. The theory that the beneficial and toxic effects of NSAIDs stem from a reduction in prostanoid production through inhibition of cyclooxygenase implied that particular toxicities were inevitable with NSAIDs and would always be correlated with efficacy. However, over the years, it became apparent that at therapeutic doses, some NSAIDs had greater toxic side-effects than others, a fact not explained by the general theory. A significant clarification arose from the discovery that there are two distinct isoforms of COX, a constitutive enzyme (COX-I) responsible for the production of prostanoids necessary for platelet aggregation and protection of the gastric mucosa and kidney; and an inducible enzyme (COX-2) that is newly synthesized at sites of tissue damage and produces prostaglandins that manifest pathological effects. It became clear that different NSAIDs had greater or lesser effects on COX-I when used in therapeutic doses, explaining the variation in side-effects. ' The elucidation of the crystal structure of these different enzymes and the skills of medicinal chemists have led to the synthesis of new chemicals with a selectivity for the inducible enzyme, and thus with therapeutic efficacy without those toxic effects result ing from inhibition of the constitutive enzyme.

Author : Sir John R. Vane,Jack H. Botting,R.M. Botting
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401090292

Get Book

Improved Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: COX-2 Enzyme Inhibitors by Sir John R. Vane,Jack H. Botting,R.M. Botting Pdf

In 1971, Vane proposed that the mechanism of action of the aspirin-like drugs was through their inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. Since then, there has been intense interest in the interaction between this diverse group of inhibitors and the enzyme known as cyclooxygenase (COX). It exists in two isoforms, COX-l and COX-2 (discovered some 5 years ago). Over the last two decades several new drugs have reached the market based on COX-l enzyme screens. Elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of COX-l has provided a new understanding for the actions of COX inhibitors. The constitutive isoform of COX, COX-l has clear physiological functions. Its activation leads, for instance, to the production of prostacyclin which when released by the endothelium is anti-thrombogenic and anti-atherosclerotic, and in the gastric mucosa is cyto protective. COX-l also generates prostaglandins in the kidney, where they help to maintain blood flow and promote natriuresis. The inducible isoform, COX-2, was discovered through its activity being increased in a number of cells by pro inflammatory stimuli. A year or so later, COX-2 was identified as a distinct isoform encoded by a different gene from COX-I. COX-2 is induced by inflammatory stimuli and by cytokines in migratory and other cells. Thus the anti-inflammatory actions of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be due to the inhibition of COX-2, whereas the unwanted side-effects such as irritation of the stomach lining and toxic effects on the kidney are due to inhibition of the constitutive enzyme, COX-I.

Author : Michel Pairet,Joanne van Ryn
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783034878791

Get Book

COX-2 Inhibitors by Michel Pairet,Joanne van Ryn Pdf

COX-2 inhibitors are important drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The discovery of COX-2, the evolution of drug development in this field and the implications of these developments in patient therapy are topics of this volume. This book presents both pre-clinical and clinical information and is important for clinicians interested in the latest information about this class of drugs, for researchers and for students in the field.

Author : Pamela E. Macintyre,S. Schug,D. Scott,E. Visser,S. Walker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 491 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2010-01-01
Category : Analgesia
ISBN : 0977517446

Get Book

Acute Pain Management by Pamela E. Macintyre,S. Schug,D. Scott,E. Visser,S. Walker Pdf

Author : Carl P. Weiner,Catalin Buhimschi
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 1321 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2009-05-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781437721362

Get Book

Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women E-Book by Carl P. Weiner,Catalin Buhimschi Pdf

Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women, 2nd Edition, by Carl P. Weiner, MD, MBA, FACOG, and Catalin Buhimschi, MD, is a must-have reference that details how virtually all of today’s drugs and herbal supplements interact with pregnancy and lactation. Updated thoroughly and covering nearly 2,000 substances, the new edition explains whether each drug is FDA-approved for use by expecting or nursing mothers...is known to be safe for use...or is known to pose a danger. An alphabetical organization by both trade and generic name...a special index listing drugs by category...and an easy-to-read page format make reference more efficient. Describes each substance's mechanism of action, side effects, drug-drug interactions, dosage, cost of therapy, and degree of safety during pregnancy or lactation, providing the thorough details you need to choose the most effective course of treatment. Indicates not only whether the FDA has approved a drug based on clinical trials, but also whether the drug is generally considered to be safe in the absence of FDA approval. Includes over-the-counter drugs and alternative medications as well as prescription drugs, to give you a broad background of available drugs. Features an alphabetical organization by both trade and generic name...a special index listing drugs by category...and an easy-to-read page format that make reference more efficient. Uses an eye-catching icon to highlight known teratogens. Examines new drugs that have been introduced to the market since the publication of the previous edition, and presents revised or new information for all current listings, to keep you current. Provides drug interaction information to make you aware of the possible implications of using more than one drug in combination. Includes international drug names to give this reference an international perspective.

Author : Derek G. Waller,Tony Sampson
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 741 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780702055034

Get Book

Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics E-Book by Derek G. Waller,Tony Sampson Pdf

This book covers all the pharmacology you need, from basic science pharmacology and pathophysiology, through to clinical pharmacology to therapeutics, in line with the integrated approach of new medical curricula. The first section covers the basic principles, and the rest is organised by body systems. The book ends with sections on toxicity and prescribing practice. Integrates basic science pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Brief review of pathophysiology of major diseases Case histories and multiple choice questions (and answers) Tabular presentation of all common drugs within each class Section on further reading Kinetics chapter simplified with more practical examples Includes more on genetic issues Drug tables made more concise to make information more accessible Fully updated to reflect current clinical practice

Author : Charles E. Argoff,Andrew Dubin,Julie Pilitsis,Gary McCleane
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-07-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323074650

Get Book

Pain Management Secrets E-Book by Charles E. Argoff,Andrew Dubin,Julie Pilitsis,Gary McCleane Pdf

No matter what questions arise in practice or while preparing for boards, Pain Management Secrets, 3rd Edition has the answers. A two-color page layout, portable size, and a list of the “Top 100 Secrets in pain management help you better meet the challenges you face today. You’ll find all the features you rely on from the Secrets Series®—a question-and-answer format, lists, mnemonics, tables and an informal tone—that make reference fast and easy. Expedites reference and review with a question-and-answer format, bulleted lists, mnemonics, and practical tips from the authors. Features a two-color page layout, "Key Points" boxes, and lists of useful web sites to enhance your reference power. Presents a chapter containing "Top 100 Secrets", providing you with an overview of essential material for last-minute study or self-assessment. Fits comfortably in the pocket of your lab coat so you have it conveniently on hand at all times. Features new editors, Charles E. Argoff, MD and Gary McCleane, MD who present a thorough update on the latest in pain management. Presents a new contemporary internal design that helps you navigate the text easier.

Author : Raymond S. Sinatra,Jonathan S. Jahr,J. Michael Watkins-Pitchford
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 551 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781139491983

Get Book

The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics by Raymond S. Sinatra,Jonathan S. Jahr,J. Michael Watkins-Pitchford Pdf

The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.

Author : Gennaro Ciliberto
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0203904249

Get Book

Cytokine Inhibitors by Gennaro Ciliberto Pdf

Compiling an up-to-date and detailed survey of the role cytokines play in cell-to-cell communication, development, and differentiation, this comprehensive reference highlights the medical advantages of cytokine inhibition and pursues novel methods of discovery for more potent and specific blocking agents. Investigates the pathogenic role of

Author : David Khan,Aleena Banerji
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323497077

Get Book

Drug Allergy Testing by David Khan,Aleena Banerji Pdf

With a focus on improving diagnosis and treatment, Drug Allergy Testing is your new go-to resource for understanding various drug allergies and testing methods, the epidemiology of and economic impact of drug allergies, and new drug and allergy developments. Features a wealth of up-to-date information for allergists, immunologists, and primary care physicians who diagnose and treat patients with drug allergies and hypersensitivity. Covers the basics of drug allergy evaluation and management as well as specific drugs including antibiotics, ASA/NSAIDs, chemotherapeutic agents and monoclonal antibodies.

Author : Maynard J. Howardell
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Anti-inflammatory agents
ISBN : 1600212220

Get Book

Trends in COX-2 Inhibitor Research by Maynard J. Howardell Pdf

Cox-2 Inhibitors are newly developed drugs for inflammation that selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme. Blocking this enzyme impedes the production of the chemical messengers (prostaglandins) that cause the pain and swelling of arthritis inflammation. Cox-2 inhibitors are a new class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Because they selectively block the Cox-2 enzyme and not the Cox-1 enzyme, these drugs are uniquely different from traditional NSAIDS. This book explores new research in the field.

Author : Charles Vacanti,Scott Segal,Pankaj Sikka,Richard Urman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1191 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2011-07-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781139498401

Get Book

Essential Clinical Anesthesia by Charles Vacanti,Scott Segal,Pankaj Sikka,Richard Urman Pdf

The clinical practice of anesthesia has undergone many advances in the past few years, making this the perfect time for a new state-of-the-art anesthesia textbook for practitioners and trainees. The goal of this book is to provide a modern, clinically focused textbook giving rapid access to comprehensive, succinct knowledge from experts in the field. All clinical topics of relevance to anesthesiology are organized into 29 sections consisting of more than 180 chapters. The print version contains 166 chapters that cover all of the essential clinical topics, while an additional 17 chapters on subjects of interest to the more advanced practitioner can be freely accessed at www.cambridge.org/vacanti. Newer techniques such as ultrasound nerve blocks, robotic surgery and transesophageal echocardiography are included, and numerous illustrations and tables assist the reader in rapidly assimilating key information. This authoritative text is edited by distinguished Harvard Medical School faculty, with contributors from many of the leading academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and an introduction from Dr S. R. Mallampati. This book is your essential companion when preparing for board review and recertification exams and in your daily clinical practice.

Author : Bernhard Baune
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128110744

Get Book

Inflammation and Immunity in Depression by Bernhard Baune Pdf

Inflammation and Immunity in Depression: Basic Science and Clinical Applications is the first book to move beyond the established theory of cytokine-induced depression and explore the broader role the immune system plays in this devastating mood disorder. The book fully explores the most recent lines of research into this rapidly advancing field, including alterations of T-cells, the neurobiological implications of neuroinflammation and immune alterations for brain development and function, and the genetic components of neuroinflammation in depression, including the relationships between stress and inflammation that are revealing gene-environment interactions in the disorder. Combining contributions from researchers worldwide, this book provides the most comprehensive discussion available today on the involvement of the innate immune and adaptive immune systems in depressive disorder. Chapters span neuroscience, psychology, clinical applications and future directions, making this book an invaluable resource for advanced students, researchers and practitioners who need to understand the complex and varied role of inflammation and immune responses in depression. Synthesizes current knowledge of inflammation and immunity in depression, ranging from basic neuroscience research, to clinical applications in psychiatry Expands on the long-established theory of cytokine-induced depression to discuss broader involvement of the immune system Explores translational potential of targeting immune dysfunction for clinical interventions

Author : Raymond S. Sinatra
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 729 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2009-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521874915

Get Book

Acute Pain Management by Raymond S. Sinatra Pdf

This textbook provides an overview of pain management useful to specialists as well as non-specialists, surgeons, and nursing staff.

Author : John R. Vane,Regina M. Botting
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2001-01-01
Category : Cyclooxygenase 2
ISBN : 0953403912

Get Book

Therapeutic Roles of Selective COX-2 Inhibitors by John R. Vane,Regina M. Botting Pdf

This volume represents the comprehensive and definitive reference volume on cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 and their inhibitors. The whole field is covered from the basic science all the way through to the clinic. Several novel selective COX-2 inhibitors are now a liable and the publication coincides with an exciting stage in the development of therapeutic strategies using these drugs for the treatment of arthritis, pain and inflammation and their potential value for treatment of various cancers, Alzheimer's disease and premature labour. Each chapter is written by an acknowledged expert in the field, including the discoverers of COX-2 and the developers of the new drugs.