Severe Space Weather Eventsâ Understanding Societal And Economic Impacts

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Severe Space Weather Events

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Severe Space Weather Events Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309127691

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Severe Space Weather Events by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop Pdf

The adverse effects of extreme space weather on modern technology-power grid outages, high-frequency communication blackouts, spacecraft anomalies-are well known and well documented, and the physical processes underlying space weather are also generally well understood. Less well documented and understood, however, are the potential economic and societal impacts of the disruption of critical technological systems by severe space weather. As a first step toward determining the socioeconomic impacts of extreme space weather events and addressing the questions of space weather risk assessment and management, a public workshop was held in May 2008. The workshop brought together representatives of industry, the government, and academia to consider both direct and collateral effects of severe space weather events, the current state of the space weather services infrastructure in the United States, the needs of users of space weather data and services, and the ramifications of future technological developments for contemporary society's vulnerability to space weather. The workshop concluded with a discussion of un- or underexplored topics that would yield the greatest benefits in space weather risk management.

Severe Space Weather Eventsâ¬"Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Severe Space Weather Events Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309138116

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Severe Space Weather Eventsâ¬"Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop Pdf

The adverse effects of extreme space weather on modern technology-power grid outages, high-frequency communication blackouts, spacecraft anomalies-are well known and well documented, and the physical processes underlying space weather are also generally well understood. Less well documented and understood, however, are the potential economic and societal impacts of the disruption of critical technological systems by severe space weather. This volume, an extended four-color summary of the book, Severe Space Weather Events-Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts, addresses the questions of space weather risk assessment and management. The workshop on which the books are based brought together representatives of industry, the government, and academia to consider both direct and collateral effects of severe space weather events, the current state of the space weather services infrastructure in the United States, the needs of users of space weather data and services, and the ramifications of future technological developments for contemporary society's vulnerability to space weather. The workshop concluded with a discussion of un- or underexplored topics that would yield the greatest benefits in space weather risk management.

Severe Space Weather Eventsâ¬"Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Severe Space Weather Events Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309177627

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Severe Space Weather Eventsâ¬"Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on the Societal and Economic Impacts of Severe Space Weather Events: A Workshop Pdf

The adverse effects of extreme space weather on modern technology-power grid outages, high-frequency communication blackouts, spacecraft anomalies-are well known and well documented, and the physical processes underlying space weather are also generally well understood. Less well documented and understood, however, are the potential economic and societal impacts of the disruption of critical technological systems by severe space weather. This volume, an extended four-color summary of the book, Severe Space Weather Events-Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts, addresses the questions of space weather risk assessment and management. The workshop on which the books are based brought together representatives of industry, the government, and academia to consider both direct and collateral effects of severe space weather events, the current state of the space weather services infrastructure in the United States, the needs of users of space weather data and services, and the ramifications of future technological developments for contemporary society's vulnerability to space weather. The workshop concluded with a discussion of un- or underexplored topics that would yield the greatest benefits in space weather risk management.

Extreme Events in Geospace

Natalia Buzulukova
Extreme Events in Geospace Book PDF

Author : Natalia Buzulukova
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 798 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128127018

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Extreme Events in Geospace by Natalia Buzulukova Pdf

Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences helps deepen the understanding, description, and forecasting of the complex and inter-related phenomena of extreme space weather events. Composed of chapters written by representatives from many different institutions and fields of space research, the book offers discussions ranging from definitions and historical knowledge to operational issues and methods of analysis. Given that extremes in ionizing radiation, ionospheric irregularities, and geomagnetically induced currents may have the potential to disrupt our technologies or pose danger to human health, it is increasingly important to synthesize the information available on not only those consequences but also the origins and predictability of such events. Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences is a valuable source for providing the latest research for geophysicists and space weather scientists, as well as industries impacted by space weather events, including GNSS satellites and radio communication, power grids, aviation, and human spaceflight. The list of first/second authors includes M. Hapgood, N. Gopalswamy, K.D. Leka, G. Barnes, Yu. Yermolaev, P. Riley, S. Sharma, G. Lakhina, B. Tsurutani, C. Ngwira, A. Pulkkinen, J. Love, P. Bedrosian, N. Buzulukova, M. Sitnov, W. Denig, M. Panasyuk, R. Hajra, D. Ferguson, S. Lai, L. Narici, K. Tobiska, G. Gapirov, A. Mannucci, T. Fuller-Rowell, X. Yue, G. Crowley, R. Redmon, V. Airapetian, D. Boteler, M. MacAlester, S. Worman, D. Neudegg, and M. Ishii. Helps to define extremes in space weather and describes existing methods of analysis Discusses current scientific understanding of these events and outlines future challenges Considers the ways in which space weather may affect daily life Demonstrates deep connections between astrophysics, heliophysics, and space weather applications, including a discussion of extreme space weather events from the past Examines national and space policy issues concerning space weather in Australia, Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States

Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop

National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Engineering And Physical Sci,Space Studies Board,Committee on Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure Workshop Phase II
Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop Book PDF

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Engineering And Physical Sci,Space Studies Board,Committee on Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure Workshop Phase II
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309693667

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Planning the Future Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Phase II Workshop by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division On Engineering And Physical Sci,Space Studies Board,Committee on Space Weather Operations and Research Infrastructure Workshop Phase II Pdf

Affecting technological systems at a global-scale, space weather can disrupt high-frequency radio signals, satellite-based communications, navigational satellite positioning and timing signals, spacecraft operations, and electric power delivery with cascading socioeconomic effects resulting from these disruptions. Space weather can also present an increased health risk for astronauts, as well as aviation flight crews and passengers on transpolar flights. In 2019, the National Academies was approached by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National Science Foundation to organize a workshop that would examine the operational and research infrastructure that supports the space weather enterprise, including an analysis of existing and potential future measurement gaps and opportunities for future enhancements. This request was subsequently modified to include two workshops, the first (Phase I) of which occurred in two parts on June 16-17 and September 9-11, 2020. The Phase II workshop occurred on April 11-14, 2022, with sessions on agency updates, research needs, data science, observational and modeling needs, and emerging architectures relevant to the space weather research community and with ties to operational needs. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of that workshop.

Climate and Social Stress

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Environmental Change and Society,Committee on Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Social and Political Stresses
Climate and Social Stress Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Environmental Change and Society,Committee on Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Social and Political Stresses
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309278560

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Climate and Social Stress by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Environmental Change and Society,Committee on Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Social and Political Stresses Pdf

Climate change can reasonably be expected to increase the frequency and intensity of a variety of potentially disruptive environmental events-slowly at first, but then more quickly. It is prudent to expect to be surprised by the way in which these events may cascade, or have far-reaching effects. During the coming decade, certain climate-related events will produce consequences that exceed the capacity of the affected societies or global systems to manage; these may have global security implications. Although focused on events outside the United States, Climate and Social Stress: Implications for Security Analysis recommends a range of research and policy actions to create a whole-of-government approach to increasing understanding of complex and contingent connections between climate and security, and to inform choices about adapting to and reducing vulnerability to climate change.

Loss and Damage from Climate Change

Reinhard Mechler,Laurens M. Bouwer,Thomas Schinko,Swenja Surminski,JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
Loss and Damage from Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Reinhard Mechler,Laurens M. Bouwer,Thomas Schinko,Swenja Surminski,JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319720265

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Loss and Damage from Climate Change by Reinhard Mechler,Laurens M. Bouwer,Thomas Schinko,Swenja Surminski,JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer Pdf

This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue• highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management. • presents salient case studies from around the world.

Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events

Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309177757

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Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

Long before the "germ theory" of disease was described, late in the nineteenth century, humans knew that climatic conditions influence the appearance and spread of epidemic diseases. Ancient notions about the effects of weather and climate on disease remain embedded in our collective consciousness-through expressions such as "cold" for rhinovirus infections; "malaria," derived from the Latin for "bad air;" and the common complaint of feeling "under the weather." Today, evidence is mounting that earth's climate is changing at a faster rate than previously appreciated, leading researchers to view the longstanding relationships between climate and disease with new urgency and from a global perspective. On December 4 and 5, 2007, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC to consider the possible infectious disease impacts of global climate change and extreme weather events on human, animal, and plant health, as well as their expected implications for global and national security.

Abrupt Climate Change

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Abrupt Climate Change
Abrupt Climate Change Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Abrupt Climate Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2002-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133043

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Abrupt Climate Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Abrupt Climate Change Pdf

The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.

Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather

Enrico Camporeale,Simon Wing,Jay Johnson
Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather Book PDF

Author : Enrico Camporeale,Simon Wing,Jay Johnson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128117897

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Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather by Enrico Camporeale,Simon Wing,Jay Johnson Pdf

Machine Learning Techniques for Space Weather provides a thorough and accessible presentation of machine learning techniques that can be employed by space weather professionals. Additionally, it presents an overview of real-world applications in space science to the machine learning community, offering a bridge between the fields. As this volume demonstrates, real advances in space weather can be gained using nontraditional approaches that take into account nonlinear and complex dynamics, including information theory, nonlinear auto-regression models, neural networks and clustering algorithms. Offering practical techniques for translating the huge amount of information hidden in data into useful knowledge that allows for better prediction, this book is a unique and important resource for space physicists, space weather professionals and computer scientists in related fields. Collects many representative non-traditional approaches to space weather into a single volume Covers, in an accessible way, the mathematical background that is not often explained in detail for space scientists Includes free software in the form of simple MATLAB® scripts that allow for replication of results in the book, also familiarizing readers with algorithms

Critical Space Infrastructures

Alexandru Georgescu,Adrian V. Gheorghe,Marius-Ioan Piso,Polinpapilinho F. Katina
Critical Space Infrastructures Book PDF

Author : Alexandru Georgescu,Adrian V. Gheorghe,Marius-Ioan Piso,Polinpapilinho F. Katina
Publisher : Springer
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030126049

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Critical Space Infrastructures by Alexandru Georgescu,Adrian V. Gheorghe,Marius-Ioan Piso,Polinpapilinho F. Katina Pdf

This book introduces readers to the topical area of CSI: critical space infrastructure, which is defined as an emerging domain of systems-of-systems encompassing hardware, workforce, environment, facilities, business and organizational entities. Further, it includes unmanned air systems, satellites, rockets, space probes, and orbital stations, and involves multi-directional interactions essential for maintenance of vital societal functions (i.e., health, safety, economic and social well-being), the loss or disruption of which would have significant impact on virtually any nation. The topics covered include the main elements of CSI, CSI taxonomy, effects of CSI on other infrastructure systems, establishing quantitative and qualitative parameters, global and national effects of CSI failure, cascading disruptive phenomena, chilling effects in various fields, CSI protection, deliberate threats to space systems (e.g., electromagnetic pulse attacks), space governance, and a path forward for CSI research. Modern society is highly dependent on the continuous operation of critical infrastructure systems for the supply of crucial goods and services including, among others, the power supply, drinking water supply, and transportation systems; yet space systems – which are critical enablers for several commercial, scientific and military applications – are rarely discussed. This book addresses this gap.

Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications

Alik Ismail-Zadeh,Jaime Urrutia Fucugauchi,Andrzej Kijko,Kuniyoshi Takeuchi,Ilya Zaliapin
Extreme Natural Hazards Disaster Risks and Societal Implications Book PDF

Author : Alik Ismail-Zadeh,Jaime Urrutia Fucugauchi,Andrzej Kijko,Kuniyoshi Takeuchi,Ilya Zaliapin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781107033863

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Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications by Alik Ismail-Zadeh,Jaime Urrutia Fucugauchi,Andrzej Kijko,Kuniyoshi Takeuchi,Ilya Zaliapin Pdf

A unique interdisciplinary approach to disaster risk research, including global hazards and case-studies, for researchers, graduate students and professionals.

Extreme Events

Mario Chavez,Michael Ghil,Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi
Extreme Events Book PDF

Author : Mario Chavez,Michael Ghil,Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781119157038

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Extreme Events by Mario Chavez,Michael Ghil,Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi Pdf

The monograph covers the fundamentals and the consequences of extreme geophysical phenomena like asteroid impacts, climatic change, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, flooding, and space weather. This monograph also addresses their associated, local and worldwide socio-economic impacts. The understanding and modeling of these phenomena is critical to the development of timely worldwide strategies for the prediction of natural and anthropogenic extreme events, in order to mitigate their adverse consequences. This monograph is unique in as much as it is dedicated to recent theoretical, numerical and empirical developments that aim to improve: (i) the understanding, modeling and prediction of extreme events in the geosciences, and, (ii) the quantitative evaluation of their economic consequences. The emphasis is on coupled, integrative assessment of the physical phenomena and their socio-economic impacts. With its overarching theme, Extreme Events: Observations, Modeling and Economics will be relevant to and become an important tool for researchers and practitioners in the fields of hazard and risk analysis in general, as well as to those with a special interest in climate change, atmospheric and oceanic sciences, seismo-tectonics, hydrology, and space weather.

Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense

Joseph N. Pelton,Firooz Allahdadi
Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense Book PDF

Author : Joseph N. Pelton,Firooz Allahdadi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319039512

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Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense by Joseph N. Pelton,Firooz Allahdadi Pdf

Covers in a comprehensive fashion all aspects of cosmic hazards and possible strategies for contending with these threats through a comprehensive planetary defense strategy. This handbook brings together in a single reference work a rich blend of information about the various types of cosmic threats that are posed to human civilization by asteroids, comets, bolides, meteors, solar flares and coronal mass ejections, cosmic radiation and other types of threats that are only recently beginning to be understood and studied, such as investigation of the “cracks” in the protective shield provided by the Van Allen belts and the geomagnetosphere, of matter-antimatter collisions, orbital debris and radiological or biological contamination. Some areas that are addressed involve areas about which there is a good deal of information that has been collected for many decades by multiple space missions run by many different space agencies, observatories and scientific researchers. Other areas involving research and studies that have only recently gotten underway are discussed by some of the world’s foremost experts in each of these areas, who provide up-to-date and scientifically verifiable information. Although much of the work in these various areas have been conducted by space agencies, an expanding range of work is also being carried out by observatories, by universities and other research centers, and even by private foundations and professional organizations. The purpose of this work is thus several-fold: to include the latest information and most systematic research from around the world in a single reference work; to note where there are significant gaps in knowledge where new research, spacecraft, observatories, or other initiatives are needed to fill in critical missing information; and to give the best possible information about preventative actions that might be taken against cosmic threats and identify various alternative strategies that are now under way or planned to cope with these various threats.

Developing threats

Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Defence Committee
Developing threats Book PDF

Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Defence Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0215041895

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Developing threats by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Defence Committee Pdf

Technologies such as GPS, vital to the financial markets as well as the military, are known to be vulnerable to the effects of space weather or the EMP resultant from a nuclear weapon exploded at altitude. It is also possible to build non-nuclear devices which can disrupt electronic systems, though so far only over a limited area. A severe space weather event is not necessarily seen as a military problem in the first instance, but it would be likely to meet the definition of an "emergency" under the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 and call for the help of the Armed Forces. The reactive posture described by the Government appears somewhat complacent. The Committee is very concerned that there appears to be no one Government Department identified to take immediate lead responsibility should there be a severe space weather event. The Government must make clear exactly where lead responsibility in relation to EMP disturbances lies both nationally and within the MoD. Defence alone cannot protect against the threat of EMP. It must be a concern of the National Security Council and civil contingency planners, with proper standards of protection developed with the vital service industries most at risk. The effects of a High Altitude Electro-Magnetic Pulse Event as a result of a nuclear weapon exploded at high altitude, would be so serious that only government action could be expected to mitigate it. Security of satellites is a matter of growing concern as our reliance upon such systems and the sheer number of satellites in orbit increase.