Shadow Education

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Teachers as Tutors: Shadow Education Market Dynamics in Georgia

Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze
Teachers as Tutors Shadow Education Market Dynamics in Georgia Book PDF

Author : Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze
Publisher : Springer
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-10
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319959153

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Teachers as Tutors: Shadow Education Market Dynamics in Georgia by Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze Pdf

The so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring has become a global phenomenon but has different features in different settings. This book explores the ways in which teacher-tutors’ beliefs, social norms, ideals about professionalism, and community values shape their economic decisions in the informal shadow education marketplace. Through theoretical lenses of economic sociology and anthropology, this study uncovers strong social and moral embeddedness of the shadow education market in social relationships, cultural norms and moralities in post-Soviet Georgia. The book questions some of the basic assumptions that the predominant neoliberal discourse promotes worldwide. The book is based on Kobakhidze’s PhD dissertation, which won the Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) Gail P. Kelly Outstanding Dissertation Award. “[A] theoretically innovative and substantively enlightening account of shadow schooling in Georgia... A landmark achievement.” Roger Dale, University of Bristol “... an important and timely topic ... addressed with exceptional thoroughness. It constitutes a solid piece of academic work and clearly makes a significant contribution to the field of shadow education.”Heidi Biseth, University College of Southeast Norway, Chair of Gail P. Kelly Award Committee in 2017 “...through robust critical analysis, Kobakhidze invites a humanistic re-visioning of economy and society.“ Ora Kwo, The University of Hong Kong

Shadow Education

Mark Bray,Chad Lykins
Shadow Education Book PDF

Author : Mark Bray,Chad Lykins
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789290926597

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Shadow Education by Mark Bray,Chad Lykins Pdf

In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but it also maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, diverts resources from other uses, and can contribute to inefficiencies in education systems. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, because it mimics school systems. As the curriculum in the school system changes, so does the shadow. This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.

Shadow Education as Worldwide Curriculum Studies

Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung
Shadow Education as Worldwide Curriculum Studies Book PDF

Author : Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung
Publisher : Springer
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783030039820

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Shadow Education as Worldwide Curriculum Studies by Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung Pdf

This book theorizes shadow education as a new component of curriculum, expanding the concept of curriculum to include this type of learning. Curriculum scholars and theorists have largely disregarded shadow education as a valid topic of scholarly attention despite its massive growth worldwide. But shadow education has become a global phenomenon with ever-increasing numbers of student participants; it complements school-based curricula, in many cases going beyond. Thus, Jung and Kim argue that shadow education requires rigorous analysis by curriculum studies scholars. This volume analyzes the state and importance of shadow education in countries around the world: its representative forms and industries (private tutoring institutes, home-visit private tutoring, Internet-based private tutoring, subscribed learning programs, after-school programs), its characteristic forms in terms of curriculum, and its roles in student learning. It also explores various features of shadow education based on an eight-year ethnographic study in South Korea.

Shadow Education and Social Inequalities in Japan

Steve R. Entrich
Shadow Education and Social Inequalities in Japan Book PDF

Author : Steve R. Entrich
Publisher : Springer
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-12-07
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319691190

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Shadow Education and Social Inequalities in Japan by Steve R. Entrich Pdf

This book examines why Japan has one of the highest enrolment rates in cram schools and private tutoring worldwide. It sheds light on the causes of this high dependence on ‘shadow education’ and its implications for social inequalities. The book provides a deep and extensive understanding of the role of this kind of education in Japan. It shows new ways to theoretically and empirically address this issue, and offers a comprehensive perspective on the impact of shadow education on social inequality formation that is based on reliable and convincing empirical analyses. Contrary to earlier studies, the book shows that shadow education does not inevitably result in increasing or persisting inequalities, but also inherits the potential to let students overcome their status-specific disadvantages and contributes to more opportunities in education. Against the background of the continuous expansion and the convergence of shadow education systems across the globe, the findings of this book call for similar works in other national contexts, particularly Western societies without traditional large-scale shadow education markets. The book emphasizes the importance and urgency to deal with the modern excesses of educational expansion and education as an institution, in which the shadow education industry has made itself (seemingly) indispensable.

Taming the Wild Horse of Shadow Education

Wei Zhang
Taming the Wild Horse of Shadow Education Book PDF

Author : Wei Zhang
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2023-05-02
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000885477

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Taming the Wild Horse of Shadow Education by Wei Zhang Pdf

Zhang analyses the phenomenon of private supplementary tutoring from a global perspective. The expansion of such tutoring alongside schooling is among the striking global shifts since the turn of the century. In many countries over half of the relevant cohorts of children receive private tutoring, with that proportion in some locations exceeding 80%. The sector has far-reaching implications for social inequalities, (in)efficiencies in educational processes, study burdens on students, family finances, innovation, and employment. Yet greatly-needed government regulations have typically been slow to catch up with the phenomenon. Commentary in the volume juxtaposes countries with strong regulations with counterparts having weak regulations. Conceptually, the book considers forces changing the roles of multiple stakeholders, including governments, entrepreneurs, teachers, families and students. A useful read for students and researchers interested in comparative education and governance. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Shadow Education and the Curriculum and Culture of Schooling in South Korea

Young Chun Kim
Shadow Education and the Curriculum and Culture of Schooling in South Korea Book PDF

Author : Young Chun Kim
Publisher : Springer
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781137513243

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Shadow Education and the Curriculum and Culture of Schooling in South Korea by Young Chun Kim Pdf

This book enables Western scholars and educators to recognize the roles and contributions of shadow education/hakwon education in an international context. The book allows readers to redefine the traditional and limited understanding of the background success behind Korean schooling and to expand their perspectives on Korean hakwon education, as well as shadow education in other nations with educational power, such as Japan, China, Singapore, and Taiwan. Kim exhorts readers and researchers to examine shadow education as an emerging research inquiry in the context of postcolonial and worldwide curriculum studies.

Theorizing Shadow Education and Academic Success in East Asia

Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung
Theorizing Shadow Education and Academic Success in East Asia Book PDF

Author : Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-12
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000409864

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Theorizing Shadow Education and Academic Success in East Asia by Young Chun Kim,Jung-Hoon Jung Pdf

This volume tackles perceived myths surrounding the academic excellence of East Asian students, and moves beyond Western understanding to offer in-depth analysis of the crucial role that shadow education plays in students’ academic success. Featuring a broad range of contributions from countries including Japan, China, Taiwan, and Singapore, chapters draw on rich qualitative research to place in the foreground the lived experiences of students, teachers, and parents in East Asian countries. In doing so, the text provides indigenous insights into the uses, values, and meanings of shadow education and highlights unknown cultural and regional aspects, as well as related phenomena including trans-boundary learning culture, nomadic learning, individualized learning, and the post-schooling era. Ultimately challenging the previously dominating Western perspective on shadow education, the volume offers innovative theorization to highlight shadow education as a phenomenon which cannot be overlooked in broader discussion of East Asian educational performance, systems, and policy. Offering pioneering insights into the growing phenomenon of shadow education, this text will benefit researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in international and comparative education, curriculum studies, and East Asian educational practices and policy. Those interested in the sociology of education and educational policy will also benefit from this book.

Confronting the Shadow Education System

Mark Bray,International Institute for Educational Planning
Confronting the Shadow Education System Book PDF

Author : Mark Bray,International Institute for Educational Planning
Publisher : United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Education
ISBN : UCBK:C102918948

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Confronting the Shadow Education System by Mark Bray,International Institute for Educational Planning Pdf

This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis.Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils.This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.

National Differences, Global Similarities

David Baker,Gerald K. LeTendre
National Differences Global Similarities Book PDF

Author : David Baker,Gerald K. LeTendre
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Education
ISBN : 0804750211

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National Differences, Global Similarities by David Baker,Gerald K. LeTendre Pdf

Using US schools as a reference point, this book provides a description of schooling as a global institution. The authors draw on a four-year investigation conducted in 47 countries that examined many aspects of K-12 schooling. They discuss how world trends and the forces behind them will work to shape the directions education may take.

Shadow Libraries

Joe Karaganis
Shadow Libraries Book PDF

Author : Joe Karaganis
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780262535014

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Shadow Libraries by Joe Karaganis Pdf

How students get the materials they need as opportunities for higher education expand but funding shrinks. From the top down, Shadow Libraries explores the institutions that shape the provision of educational materials, from the formal sector of universities and publishers to the broadly informal ones organized by faculty, copy shops, student unions, and students themselves. It looks at the history of policy battles over access to education in the post–World War II era and at the narrower versions that have played out in relation to research and textbooks, from library policies to book subsidies to, more recently, the several “open” publication models that have emerged in the higher education sector. From the bottom up, Shadow Libraries explores how, simply, students get the materials they need. It maps the ubiquitous practice of photocopying and what are—in many cases—the more marginal ones of buying books, visiting libraries, and downloading from unauthorized sources. It looks at the informal networks that emerge in many contexts to share materials, from face-to-face student networks to Facebook groups, and at the processes that lead to the consolidation of some of those efforts into more organized archives that circulate offline and sometimes online— the shadow libraries of the title. If Alexandra Elbakyan's Sci-Hub is the largest of these efforts to date, the more characteristic part of her story is the prologue: the personal struggle to participate in global scientific and educational communities, and the recourse to a wide array of ad hoc strategies and networks when formal, authorized means are lacking. If Elbakyan's story has struck a chord, it is in part because it brings this contradiction in the academic project into sharp relief—universalist in principle and unequal in practice. Shadow Libraries is a study of that tension in the digital era. Contributors Balázs Bodó, Laura Czerniewicz, Miroslaw Filiciak, Mariana Fossatti, Jorge Gemetto, Eve Gray, Evelin Heidel, Joe Karaganis, Lawrence Liang, Pedro Mizukami, Jhessica Reia, Alek Tarkowski

Integrating Advancements in Education, and Society for Achieving Sustainability

Dimitrios A Karras,Srinesh Thakur,Sai Kiran Oruganti
Integrating Advancements in Education and Society for Achieving Sustainability Book PDF

Author : Dimitrios A Karras,Srinesh Thakur,Sai Kiran Oruganti
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-13
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781040001745

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Integrating Advancements in Education, and Society for Achieving Sustainability by Dimitrios A Karras,Srinesh Thakur,Sai Kiran Oruganti Pdf

This book is the collection of selected articles that appeared at the First International Analytics Conference 2023 held in Hyderabad in virtual mode on February 2nd the 3rd 2023. In an era defined by the twin imperatives of knowledge and sustainability, this compelling volume explores the powerful synergy between advancements in education and the transformation of society towards a more sustainable future. Delve into the heart of progress as educators, innovators, and change-makers come together to catalyze positive change. Within these pages, you’ll witness the transformative potential of education as it equips individuals with the skills, knowledge, and perspectives necessary to address the multifaceted challenges of sustainability. Discover groundbreaking pedagogical approaches, innovative technologies, and visionary programs that are revolutionizing learning and inspiring the next generation of leaders. Simultaneously, the book sheds light on the interconnected relationship between education and society, illustrating how an informed and engaged citizenry is driving sustainable practices, community resilience, and global change. From eco-conscious urban planning to social entrepreneurship, it showcases the societal initiatives that emerge when education and sustainability combine forces. ‘Integrating Advancements in Education and Society for Achieving Sustainability’ is a compass for those navigating the path towards a brighter, more sustainable future. Join us in this thought-provoking exploration of how education and society are jointly shaping the way we think, act, and work together to achieve a harmonious balance with the world around us.

Research in the Sociology of Education

Hyunjoon Park,Grace Kao
Research in the Sociology of Education Book PDF

Author : Hyunjoon Park,Grace Kao
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781787690790

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Research in the Sociology of Education by Hyunjoon Park,Grace Kao Pdf

Featuring research from settings as diverse as rural China, Germany and the United States, as well as two cross-national comparative studies, this insightful volume demonstrates that many educational issues (including student victimization and STEM outcomes) are not limited to specific societies but are relevant worldwide.

Centering Whole-Child Development in Global Education Reform

Jaekyung Lee,Kenneth K. Wong
Centering Whole Child Development in Global Education Reform Book PDF

Author : Jaekyung Lee,Kenneth K. Wong
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-25
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000589146

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Centering Whole-Child Development in Global Education Reform by Jaekyung Lee,Kenneth K. Wong Pdf

This volume offers critical analysis of national school reform policies intended to align with global agendas to promote educational quality and equity. By uniquely foregrounding the need for education reform to nurture child well-being alongside traditional measures of academic achievement, the book identifies common challenges across the Global North and South and extends insights provided by international student assessment data. Chapters offer a close analysis of reform practices in countries in Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Americas to consider cultural, social, political, and functional aspects which drive or inhibit the success of reform initiatives. Providing excellent insights into holistic education for children and youth, this book highlights lessons to support global efforts in providing high-quality, equitable education for the whole child. Developing international knowledge and supplementing international data, this volume will be of interest to students, scholars, and researchers with an interest in education policy, as well as comparative and international education.

Third International Handbook of Globalisation, Education and Policy Research

Joseph Zajda
Third International Handbook of Globalisation Education and Policy Research Book PDF

Author : Joseph Zajda
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1112 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783030660031

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Third International Handbook of Globalisation, Education and Policy Research by Joseph Zajda Pdf

This handbook presents a global overview of current research in education and education policy reforms during the last decade. It provides an accessible, practical and comparative source of current research that examines the intersecting and diverse discourses of this important issue. It first examines globalisation, education and policy research and reforms in higher education, including coverage of main trends in education and policy reforms globally, as well as specific policy issues such as gender, equity, minorities and human rights. Next, the handbook offers a comparative perspective that evaluates the ambivalent and problematic relationship between globalisation, the state and education reforms globally. It features coverage on curricula issues and education reforms in schools around the world, the curriculum in the global culture, as well as globalisation and education futures, with respect to social justice and human rights. The handbook contributes to a better and a more holistic understanding of the education reforms and research nexus—offering possible strategies for the effective and pragmatic policy planning and implementation at the local, regional and national levels. It will serve as a vital sourcebook of ideas for researchers, practitioners and policy makers in education.

Transnational Education and Curriculum Studies

John Chi-Kin Lee,Noel Gough
Transnational Education and Curriculum Studies Book PDF

Author : John Chi-Kin Lee,Noel Gough
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-28
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351061605

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Transnational Education and Curriculum Studies by John Chi-Kin Lee,Noel Gough Pdf

In recent years, there has been increasing attention placed on international and transnational aspects of school and higher education curricula, and the different research approaches and lenses through which these issues are studied. This edited volume explores diverse perspectives and discourses of curriculum studies contributed by scholars both within and outside the "majority world". In addition, it tackles both transnational cross-border endeavours involving national governments and policy measures, and the promises, challenges and failings of those formal relationships. The book consists of three sections. The first section provides an introduction and overviews of transnational education in connection with curriculum studies, schooling and higher education. The second section deals with transnational and international perspectives on curriculum studies, schooling and education. The final, third section highlights transnational and international perspectives on higher education. This timely volume tackles the questions often posed by curriculum scholars and educational researchers around the possibility of a transnational approach to curriculum studies and how (and if) a common set of means can transcend national boundaries and sensitivities. It looks at the common issues and problems across nations that international and transnational curriculum and educational research work could address. This volume will appeal to researchers and policy makers interested in transnational education and curriculum studies.