Shifting Baselines In The Chesapeake Bay

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Shifting Baselines in the Chesapeake Bay

Victor S. Kennedy
Shifting Baselines in the Chesapeake Bay Book PDF

Author : Victor S. Kennedy
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781421426556

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Shifting Baselines in the Chesapeake Bay by Victor S. Kennedy Pdf

This environmental history of America’s largest estuary provides insight into how and why its former productivity and abundant fisheries have declined. The concept of “shifting baselines”—changes in historical reference points used in environmental assessments—illuminates a foundational challenge when evaluating the health of ecosystems and seeking to restore degraded wildlife populations. In this important book, Victor S. Kennedy examines the problem of shifting baselines for one of the most productive aquatic resources in the world: the Chesapeake Bay. Kennedy explains that since the 1800s, when the Bay area was celebrated for its aquatic bounty, harvest baselines have shifted downward precipitously. Over the centuries, fishers and hunters, supported by an extensive infrastructure of boats, gear, and processing facilities, overexploited the region’s fish, crustaceans, terrapin, and waterfowl, squandering a profound resource. Beginning with the colonial period and continuing through the twentieth century, Kennedy gathers an unparalleled collection of scientific resources and eyewitness reports by colonists, fishers, managers, scientists, and newspaper reporters to create a comprehensive examination of the Chesapeake’s environmental history. Focusing on the relative productivity and health of its fisheries and wildlife and highlighting key species such as shad, oysters, and blue crab, Shifting Baselines in the Chesapeake Bay helps readers understand the remarkable extent of the Bay’s natural resources in the past so that we can begin to understand what has changed since, and why. Such knowledge can help illustrate the Bay’s potential fertility and stimulate efforts to restore this pivotal maritime system’s ecological health and productivity.

Chesapeake Bay Explorer's Guide

Dr. David Malmquist
Chesapeake Bay Explorer s Guide Book PDF

Author : Dr. David Malmquist
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-01
Category : Travel
ISBN : 9781493051342

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Chesapeake Bay Explorer's Guide by Dr. David Malmquist Pdf

Known for its beauty and bounty, the Chesapeake Bay stretches nearly 200 miles from the mouth of the Susquehanna River to the ocean capes of the Atlantic, its tidal waters enriching the vibrant coastal communities of both Maryland and Virginia. Chesapeake Bay Explorer’s Guide is the perfect reference for visitors who want to know more about the things they see in their visit to the famous estuary, whether they are relaxing on a beach, paddling through a saltmarsh, or watching workboats duck beneath a drawbridge. Explore more than 14,415 miles of shoreline, myriad hiking trails, and scores of wildlife preserves nestled between resort towns and other attractions. This guide provides a concise history of how the Bay was formed, and brief entries with full-color images and easy-to-read descriptions of the flora, fauna, and man-made artifacts found in and around the Bay.

Diet for a Sustainable Ecosystem

Benjamin E. Cuker
Diet for a Sustainable Ecosystem Book PDF

Author : Benjamin E. Cuker
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-10
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783030454814

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Diet for a Sustainable Ecosystem by Benjamin E. Cuker Pdf

This book explores a specific ecosystem in depth, in order to weave a story built on place and history. It incorporates the theme of a journey to help reveal the environment-human-health-food system-problem. While drawing on a historical approach stretching back to the American colonial era, it also incorporates more contemporary scientific findings. By crafting its story around a specific place, the book makes it easier for readers to relate to the content, and to subsequently use what they learn to better understand the role of food systems at the global scale.

Biology of Oysters

Brian Leicester Bayne
Biology of Oysters Book PDF

Author : Brian Leicester Bayne
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 860 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128035009

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Biology of Oysters by Brian Leicester Bayne Pdf

Biology of Oysters offers scientific insights into the structure and function of oysters. Written by an expert in the field of shellfish research, this book presents more than 50 years of empirical research literature. It provides an understanding of the edible oysters, in order to equip students and researchers with the background needed to undertake further investigations on this model marine invertebrate. Presents empirical research findings in context with the relevant theory and its expression in computer models Includes information on studies of other bivalve species such as mussels and clams Offers a description of the whole organism to provide a frame of reference for further research Includes research developments in the phylogeny, physiology and ecology of oysters

Coastal Ecosystems in Transition

Thomas C. Malone,Alenka Malej,Jadran Faganeli
Coastal Ecosystems in Transition Book PDF

Author : Thomas C. Malone,Alenka Malej,Jadran Faganeli
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119543589

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Coastal Ecosystems in Transition by Thomas C. Malone,Alenka Malej,Jadran Faganeli Pdf

Explores how two coastal ecosystems are responding to the pressures of human expansion The Northern Adriatic Sea, a continental shelf ecosystem in the Northeast Mediterranean Sea, and the Chesapeake Bay, a major estuary of the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States, are semi-enclosed, river-dominated ecosystems with urbanized watersheds that support extensive industrial agriculture. Coastal Ecosystems in Transition: A Comparative Analysis of the Northern Adriatic and Chesapeake Bay presents an update of a study published two decades ago. Revisiting these two ecosystems provides an opportunity to assess changing anthropogenic pressures in the context of global climate change. The new insights can be used to inform ecosystem-based approaches to sustainable development of coastal environments. Volume highlights include: Effects of nutrient enrichment and climate-driven changes on critical coastal habitats Patterns of stratification and circulation Food web dynamics from phytoplankton to fish Nutrient cycling, water quality, and harmful algal events Causes and consequences of interannual variability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Read a review of this book in Marine Ecology review of this book

Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction to Improve Water Quality
Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction to Improve Water Quality
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309210829

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Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction to Improve Water Quality Pdf

The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, as well as an important commercial and recreational resource. However, excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from human activities and land development have disrupted the ecosystem, causing harmful algae blooms, degraded habitats, and diminished populations of many species of fish and shellfish. In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) was established, based on a cooperative partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the state of Maryland, and the commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia, to address the extent, complexity, and sources of pollutants entering the Bay. In 2008, the CBP launched a series of initiatives to increase the transparency of the program and heighten its accountability and in 2009 an executive order injected new energy into the restoration. In addition, as part of the effect to improve the pace of progress and increase accountability in the Bay restoration, a two-year milestone strategy was introduced aimed at reducing overall pollution in the Bay by focusing on incremental, short-term commitments from each of the Bay jurisdictions. The National Research Council (NRC) established the Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction in Improve Water Quality in 2009 in response to a request from the EPA. The committee was charged to assess the framework used by the states and the CBP for tracking nutrient and sediment control practices that are implemented in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and to evaluate the two-year milestone strategy. The committee was also to assess existing adaptive management strategies and to recommend improvements that could help CBP to meet its nutrient and sediment reduction goals. The committee did not attempt to identify every possible strategy that could be implemented but instead focused on approaches that are not being implemented to their full potential or that may have substantial, unrealized potential in the Bay watershed. Because many of these strategies have policy or societal implications that could not be fully evaluated by the committee, the strategies are not prioritized but are offered to encourage further consideration and exploration among the CBP partners and stakeholders.

Life in the Chesapeake Bay

Alice Jane Lippson,Robert L. Lippson
Life in the Chesapeake Bay Book PDF

Author : Alice Jane Lippson,Robert L. Lippson
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM
Page : 858 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2006-06-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780801891984

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Life in the Chesapeake Bay by Alice Jane Lippson,Robert L. Lippson Pdf

“The best-written and best-illustrated guide ever about a North American tidal estuary. It is the model for all future coastal nature guides.” —Whole Earth Review Life in the Chesapeake Bay is the most important book ever published on America’s largest estuary. Since publication of the first edition in 1984, tens of thousands of naturalists, boaters, fishermen, and conservationists have relied on the book’s descriptions of the Bay’s plants, animals, and diverse habitats. Superbly illustrated and clearly written, this acclaimed guide describes hundreds of plants and animals and their habitats, from diamondback terrapins to blue crabs to hornshell snails. Now in its third edition, the book has been updated with a new gallery of thirty-nine color photographs and dozens of new species descriptions and illustrations. The new edition retains the charm of an engaging classic while adding a decade of new research. This classic guide to the plants and animals of the Chesapeake Bay will appeal to a variety of readers—year-round residents and summer vacationers, professional biologists and amateur scientists, conservationists and sportsmen. “Handsome, generously illustrated . . . All of the Bay’s richness is catalogued here.” —The Washington Post Book World “A story book, a field guide and a reference work, and anyone interested in fishing, ecology, or our bay should own it.” —The Baltimore Sun “The region’s quintessential field and reference guide.” —Chesapeake Life Magazine “One of the most popular, well written, and useful guides to the Chesapeake.” —Northeastern Naturalist

Vanishing Fish

Daniel Pauly
Vanishing Fish Book PDF

Author : Daniel Pauly
Publisher : Greystone Books Ltd
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781771643993

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Vanishing Fish by Daniel Pauly Pdf

"Daniel Pauly is a friend whose work has inspired me for years." —Ted Danson, actor, ocean activist, and co-author of Oceana "This wonderfully personal and accessible book by the world’s greatest living fisheries biologist summarizes and expands on the causes of collapse and the essential actions that will be required to rebuild fish stocks for future generations.” —Dr. Jeremy Jackson, ocean scientist and author of Breakpoint The world’s fisheries are in crisis. Their catches are declining, and the stocks of key species, such as cod and bluefin tuna, are but a small fraction of their previous abundance, while others have been overfished almost to extinction. The oceans are depleted and the commercial fishing industry increasingly depends on subsidies to remain afloat. In these essays, award-winning biologist Dr. Daniel Pauly offers a thought-provoking look at the state of today’s global fisheries—and a radical way to turn it around. Starting with the rapid expansion that followed World War II, he traces the arc of the fishing industry’s ensuing demise, offering insights into how and why it has failed. With clear, convincing prose, Dr. Pauly draws on decades of research to provide an up-to-date assessment of ocean health and an analysis of the issues that have contributed to the current crisis, including globalization, massive underreporting of catch, and the phenomenon of “shifting baselines,” in which, over time, important knowledge is lost about the state of the natural world. Finally, Vanishing Fish provides practical recommendations for a way forward—a vision of a vibrant future where small-scale fisheries can supply the majority of the world’s fish. Published in Partnership with the David Suzuki Institute

Rewilding the World

Caroline Fraser
Rewilding the World Book PDF

Author : Caroline Fraser
Publisher : Metropolitan Books
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781429924528

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Rewilding the World by Caroline Fraser Pdf

A gripping account of the environmental crusade to save the world's most endangered species and landscapes—the last best hope for preserving our natural home Scientists worldwide are warning of the looming extinction of thousands of species, from tigers and polar bears to rare flowers, birds, and insects. If the destruction continues, a third of all plants and animals could disappear by 2050—and with them earth's life-support ecosystems that provide our food, water, medicine, and natural defenses against climate change. Now Caroline Fraser offers the first definitive account of a visionary campaign to confront this crisis: rewilding. Breathtaking in scope and ambition, rewilding aims to save species by restoring habitats, reviving migration corridors, and brokering peace between people and predators. Traveling with wildlife biologists and conservationists, Fraser reports on the vast projects that are turning Europe's former Iron Curtain into a greenbelt, creating trans-frontier Peace Parks to renew elephant routes throughout Africa, and linking protected areas from the Yukon to Mexico and beyond. An inspiring story of scientific discovery and grassroots action, Rewilding the World offers hope for a richer, wilder future.

Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation

John N. Kittinger,Loren McClenachan,Keryn B. Gedan,Louise K. Blight
Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation Book PDF

Author : John N. Kittinger,Loren McClenachan,Keryn B. Gedan,Louise K. Blight
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-03-25
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780520959606

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Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation by John N. Kittinger,Loren McClenachan,Keryn B. Gedan,Louise K. Blight Pdf

This pioneering volume provides a blueprint for managing the challenges of ocean conservation using marine historical ecology—an interdisciplinary area of study that is helping society to gain a more in-depth understanding of past human-environmental interactions in coastal and marine ecosystems and of the ecological and social outcomes associated with these interactions. Developed by groundbreaking practitioners in the field, Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation highlights the innovative ways that historical ecology can be applied to improve conservation and management efforts in the oceans. The book focuses on four key challenges that confront marine conservation: (1) recovering endangered species, (2) conserving fisheries, (3) restoring ecosystems, and (4) engaging the public. Chapters emphasize real-world conservation scenarios appropriate for students, faculty, researchers, and practitioners in marine science, conservation biology, natural resource management, paleoecology, and marine and coastal archaeology. By focusing on success stories and applied solutions, this volume delivers the required up-to-date science and tools needed for restoration and protection of ocean and coastal ecosystems.

The Unnatural History of the Sea

Callum Roberts
The Unnatural History of the Sea Book PDF

Author : Callum Roberts
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781597265775

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The Unnatural History of the Sea by Callum Roberts Pdf

Humanity can make short work of the oceans’ creatures. In 1741, hungry explorers discovered herds of Steller’s sea cow in the Bering Strait, and in less than thirty years, the amiable beast had been harpooned into extinction. It’s a classic story, but a key fact is often omitted. Bering Island was the last redoubt of a species that had been decimated by hunting and habitat loss years before the explorers set sail. As Callum M. Roberts reveals in The Unnatural History of the Sea, the oceans’ bounty didn’t disappear overnight. While today’s fishing industry is ruthlessly efficient, intense exploitation began not in the modern era, or even with the dawn of industrialization, but in the eleventh century in medieval Europe. Roberts explores this long and colorful history of commercial fishing, taking readers around the world and through the centuries to witness the transformation of the seas. Drawing on firsthand accounts of early explorers, pirates, merchants, fishers, and travelers, the book recreates the oceans of the past: waters teeming with whales, sea lions, sea otters, turtles, and giant fish. The abundance of marine life described by fifteenth century seafarers is almost unimaginable today, but Roberts both brings it alive and artfully traces its depletion. Collapsing fisheries, he shows, are simply the latest chapter in a long history of unfettered commercialization of the seas. The story does not end with an empty ocean. Instead, Roberts describes how we might restore the splendor and prosperity of the seas through smarter management of our resources and some simple restraint. From the coasts of Florida to New Zealand, marine reserves have fostered spectacular recovery of plants and animals to levels not seen in a century. They prove that history need not repeat itself: we can leave the oceans richer than we found them.

The Chesapeake in Focus

Tom Pelton
The Chesapeake in Focus Book PDF

Author : Tom Pelton
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-21
Category : HISTORY
ISBN : 9781421424750

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The Chesapeake in Focus by Tom Pelton Pdf

Looking to the future, Pelton offers a provocative vision of the hard steps that must be taken if we truly want to save the Bay.

Herring and People of the North Pacific

Thomas F. Thornton,Madonna L. Moss
Herring and People of the North Pacific Book PDF

Author : Thomas F. Thornton,Madonna L. Moss
Publisher : University of Washington Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780295748306

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Herring and People of the North Pacific by Thomas F. Thornton,Madonna L. Moss Pdf

Herring are vital to the productivity and health of marine systems, and socio-ecologically Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) is one of the most important fish species in the Northern Hemisphere. Human dependence on herring has evolved for millennia through interactions with key spawning areas—but humans have also significantly impacted the species’ distribution and abundance. Combining ethnological, historical, archaeological, and political perspectives with comparative reference to other North Pacific cultures, Herring and People of the North Pacific traces fishery development in Southeast Alaska from precontact Indigenous relationships with herring to postcontact focus on herring products. Revealing new findings about current herring stocks as well as the fish’s significance to the conservation of intraspecies biodiversity, the book explores the role of traditional local knowledge, in combination with archeological, historical, and biological data, in both understanding marine ecology and restoring herring to their former abundance.

Ecology and Conservation of the Diamond-backed Terrapin

Willem M. Roosenburg,Victor S. Kennedy
Ecology and Conservation of the Diamond backed Terrapin Book PDF

Author : Willem M. Roosenburg,Victor S. Kennedy
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781421426273

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Ecology and Conservation of the Diamond-backed Terrapin by Willem M. Roosenburg,Victor S. Kennedy Pdf

A fascinating look at the diamond-backed terrapin—an important, iconic, and imperiled American reptile. The diamond-backed terrapin is not only a uniquely evolved and beautiful turtle, it also has a long history as a vital American food source. Once so numerous that people reportedly grew tired of eating them, diamond-backed terrapins are greatly reduced in numbers today and have become an icon of salt marsh conservation. Considerably diminished in some areas and struggling to survive, this distinctive brackish water turtle is the focus of intense conservation efforts. In Ecology and Conservation of the Diamond-backed Terrapin, leading terrapin researcher Willem M. Roosenburg and experienced science editor Victor S. Kennedy have brought together a group of expert scientists to summarize our current understanding of terrapin biology, physiology, behavior, and conservation efforts. Over the course of 19 comprehensive chapters, contributors • review the latest information on this charismatic species • provide a detailed summary of the terrapin's natural history • explain the threats to terrapin population stability throughout their range • examine ongoing conservation efforts to ensure the reptile's survival • present convincing arguments for the value of the diamond-backed terrapin as an estuarine indicator organism • use the terrapin as a model for studying the consequences of exploitation and environmental degradation on long-lived species This exceptional book provides pivotal information for estuarine and turtle biologists, terrapin enthusiasts, natural historians, educators, conservationists, resource managers, and students. Ecology and Conservation of the Diamond-backed Terrapin is the definitive volume on this important American reptile. Contributors: Benjamin K. Atkinson, Harold W. Avery, Patrick J. Baker, Ralph E.J. Boerner, Russell L. Burke, Joseph A. Butler, Randolph M. Chambers, Paul E. Converse, Brian A. Crawford, Rusty D. Day, Dana J. Ehret, J. Whitfield Gibbons, Kathryn M. Greene, Leigh Anne Harden, Andrew S. Harrison, Kristen M. Hart, George L. Heinrich, Dawn K. Holliday, Victor S. Kennedy, Shawn R. Kuchta, Lori A. Lester, Jeffrey E. Lovich, John C. Maerz, David Owens, Allen R. Place, Taylor Roberge, Willem M. Roosenburg, Richard A. Seigel, Amanda Southwood Williard, Edward A. Standora, Anton D. Tucker, Diane C. Tulipani, Timothy J. Walsh, Thane Wibbels, Will Williams, Roger C. Wood

Understanding Imperiled Earth

Todd J. Braje
Understanding Imperiled Earth Book PDF

Author : Todd J. Braje
Publisher : Smithsonian Institution
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781588347602

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Understanding Imperiled Earth by Todd J. Braje Pdf

A unique introduction to how understanding archaeology can support modern-day sustainability efforts, from restoring forested land to developing fire management strategies An essential and hopeful book for climate-conscious readers The world faces an uncertain future with the rise of climate change, biodiversity loss, deforestation, overfishing, and other threats. Understanding Imperiled Earth meets this uncertainty head-on, presenting archaeology and history as critical guides to addressing the modern environmental crisis. Anthropologist Todd J. Braje draws connections between deep history and today's hot-button environmental news stories to reveal how the study of the ancient past can help build a more sustainable future. The book covers a diverse array of interconnected issues, including: how modern humans have altered the natural world conservation work of Indigenous communities extinction of megafauna like dire wolves and woolly rhinoceros the risk of deforestation highlighted by Notre Dame's destruction the extinction crisis reflected by endangered bird species in Hawai'i fish scarcity driving demand and price, like the single blue-fin tuna fish that sold for three million dollars importance of "action archaeology" Braje examines how historical roots offer a necessary baseline for a healthier Earth, because understanding how the planet used to be is fundamental to creating effective restoration efforts moving forward through urban forests, sustainable food webs, and more. Understanding Imperiled Earth offers an illuminating, hopeful, and actionable approach to some of the world's most urgent problems.