Small Angle Scattering

Author : L.A. Feigin,D.I. Svergun
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475766240

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Structure Analysis by Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering by L.A. Feigin,D.I. Svergun Pdf

Small-angle scattering of X rays and neutrons is a widely used diffraction method for studying the structure of matter. This method of elastic scattering is used in various branches of science and technology, includ ing condensed matter physics, molecular biology and biophysics, polymer science, and metallurgy. Many small-angle scattering studies are of value for pure science and practical applications. It is well known that the most general and informative method for investigating the spatial structure of matter is based on wave-diffraction phenomena. In diffraction experiments a primary beam of radiation influences a studied object, and the scattering pattern is analyzed. In principle, this analysis allows one to obtain information on the structure of a substance with a spatial resolution determined by the wavelength of the radiation. Diffraction methods are used for studying matter on all scales, from elementary particles to macro-objects. The use of X rays, neutrons, and electron beams, with wavelengths of about 1 A, permits the study of the condensed state of matter, solids and liquids, down to atomic resolution. Determination of the atomic structure of crystals, i.e., the arrangement of atoms in a unit cell, is an important example of this line of investigation.

Author : Barnali Chaudhuri,Inés G. Muñoz,Shuo Qian,Volker S. Urban
Publisher : Springer
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811060380

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Biological Small Angle Scattering: Techniques, Strategies and Tips by Barnali Chaudhuri,Inés G. Muñoz,Shuo Qian,Volker S. Urban Pdf

This book provides a clear, comprehensible and up-to-date description of how Small Angle Scattering (SAS) can help structural biology researchers. SAS is an efficient technique that offers structural information on how biological macromolecules behave in solution. SAS provides distinct and complementary data for integrative structural biology approaches in combination with other widely used probes, such as X-ray crystallography, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Mass spectrometry and Cryo-electron Microscopy. The development of brilliant synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) beam lines has increased the number of researchers interested in solution scattering. SAS is especially useful for studying conformational changes in proteins, highly flexible proteins, and intrinsically disordered proteins. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with neutron contrast variation is ideally suited for studying multi-component assemblies as well as membrane proteins that are stabilized in surfactant micelles or vesicles. SAS is also used for studying dynamic processes of protein fibrillation in amyloid diseases, and pharmaceutical drug delivery. The combination with size-exclusion chromatography further increases the range of SAS applications. The book is written by leading experts in solution SAS methodologies. The principles and theoretical background of various SAS techniques are included, along with practical aspects that range from sample preparation to data presentation for publication. Topics covered include techniques for improving data quality and analysis, as well as different scientific applications of SAS. With abundant illustrations and practical tips, we hope the clear explanations of the principles and the reviews on the latest progresses will serve as a guide through all aspects of biological solution SAS. The scope of this book is particularly relevant for structural biology researchers who are new to SAS. Advanced users of the technique will find it helpful for exploring the diversity of solution SAS methods and applications. Chapter 3 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Author : Eugen Mircea Anitas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030266127

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Small-Angle Scattering (Neutrons, X-Rays, Light) from Complex Systems by Eugen Mircea Anitas Pdf

This book addresses the basic physical phenomenon of small-angle scattering (SAS) of neutrons, x-rays or light from complex hierarchical nano- and micro-structures. The emphasis is on developing theoretical models for the material structure containing self-similar or fractal clusters. Within the suggested framework, key approaches for extracting structural information from experimental scattering data are investigated and presented in detail. The range of parameters which can be obtained pave the road towards a better understanding of the correlations between geometrical and various physical properties (electrical, magnetic, mechanical, optical, dynamical, transport etc.) in fractal nano- and micro-materials.

Author : H. Brumberger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401584579

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Modern Aspects of Small-Angle Scattering by H. Brumberger Pdf

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Como, Italy, May 12--22, 1993

Author : Ian W. Hamley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119768302

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Small-Angle Scattering by Ian W. Hamley Pdf

SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING A comprehensive and timely volume covering contemporary research, practical techniques, and theoretical approaches to SAXS and SANS Small-Angle Scattering: Theory, Instrumentation, Data, and Applications provides authoritative coverage of both small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and grazing incidence small-angle scattering (GISAS) including GISAXS and GISANS. This single-volume resource offers readers an up-to-date view of the state of the field, including the theoretical foundations, experimental methods, and practical applications of small-angle scattering (SAS) techniques including laboratory and synchrotron SAXS and reactor/spallation SANS. Organized into six chapters, the text first describes basic theory, instrumentation, and data analysis. The following chapters contain in-depth discussion on various applications of SAXS and SANS and GISAXS and GISANS, and on specific techniques for investigating structure and order in soft materials, biomolecules, and inorganic and magnetic materials. Author Ian Hamley draws from his more than thirty years’ experience working with many systems, instruments, and types of small-angle scattering experiments across most European facilities to present the most complete introduction to the field available. This book: Presents uniquely broad coverage of practical and theoretical approaches to SAXS and SANS Includes practical information on instrumentation and data analysis Offers useful examples and an accessible and concise presentation of topics Covers new developments in the techniques of SAXS and SANS, including GISAXS and GISANS Small-Angle Scattering: Theory, Instrumentation, Data, and Applications is a valuable source of detailed information for researchers and postgraduate students in the field, as well as other researchers using X-ray and neutron scattering to investigate soft materials, other nanostructured materials and biomolecules such as proteins.

Author : Boris Imelik,Jacques C. Vedrine
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475795899

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Catalyst Characterization by Boris Imelik,Jacques C. Vedrine Pdf

to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitive ly expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modern society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manufacturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and over-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control ofpollution and its use in environmental control are certain to in crease in the future. The commercial import an ce of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increasing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recentlyas sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 19 50s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth.

Author : Wilfried Gille
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466581784

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Particle and Particle Systems Characterization by Wilfried Gille Pdf

Small-angle scattering (SAS) is the premier technique for the characterization of disordered nanoscale particle ensembles. SAS is produced by the particle as a whole and does not depend in any way on the internal crystal structure of the particle. Since the first applications of X-ray scattering in the 1930s, SAS has developed into a standard metho

Author : Redouane Borsali,Robert Pecora
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1490 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402044649

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Soft-Matter Characterization by Redouane Borsali,Robert Pecora Pdf

This 2-volume set includes extensive discussions of scattering techniques (light, neutron and X-ray) and related fluctuation and grating techniques that are at the forefront of this field. Most of the scattering techniques are Fourier space techniques. Recent advances have seen the development of powerful direct imaging methods such as atomic force microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. In addition, techniques that can be used to manipulate soft matter on the nanometer scale are also in rapid development. These include the scanning probe microscopy technique mentioned above as well as optical and magnetic tweezers.

Author : Andre Guinier,Gerard Fournet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : X-rays
ISBN : OCLC:622895671

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Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays by Andre Guinier,Gerard Fournet Pdf

Author : Dmitri I. Svergun,Michel H. J. Koch,Roland P. May,Peter A. Timmins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198854218

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Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from Solutions of Biological Macromolecules by Dmitri I. Svergun,Michel H. J. Koch,Roland P. May,Peter A. Timmins Pdf

This book describes all aspects of the technique of small-angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons, including instrumentation, sample requirements, data interpretation and modelling methods, in a comprehensive way and gives examples of applications in various fields of biophysics and biochemistry.

Author : Surender Kumar Sharma
Publisher : Springer
Page : 613 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319929552

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Handbook of Materials Characterization by Surender Kumar Sharma Pdf

This book focuses on the widely used experimental techniques available for the structural, morphological, and spectroscopic characterization of materials. Recent developments in a wide range of experimental techniques and their application to the quantification of materials properties are an essential side of this book. Moreover, it provides concise but thorough coverage of the practical and theoretical aspects of the analytical techniques used to characterize a wide variety of functional nanomaterials. The book provides an overview of widely used characterization techniques for a broad audience: from beginners and graduate students, to advanced specialists in both academia and industry.

Author : André Guinier,Gérard Fournet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1955
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015028171828

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Small-angle Scattering of X-rays by André Guinier,Gérard Fournet Pdf

Author index to text

Author : Eaton E. Lattman,Thomas D. Grant,Edward H. Snell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191649899

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Biological Small Angle Scattering by Eaton E. Lattman,Thomas D. Grant,Edward H. Snell Pdf

Small angle solution scattering (SAS) is increasingly being applied to biological problems. It is a complementary technique that, when applied in appropriate circumstances with carefully structured questions, can provide unique information not available from other techniques. While small angle solution scattering has been around for some time, a confluence of recent developments has dramatically enhanced its power. Intense third generation X-ray sources, low noise detectors, development of new algorithms and the computational power to take advantage of these have all matured, and use of free-electron x-ray laser sources is on the horizon. Whole new classes of experiments and analyses have been created as a result. These include the generation of molecular envelopes, the ability to do time-resolved studies, and the ability to account for structural changes using modelling based on the SAS data. The technical improvements have also reduced the amount of time and material needed to carry out an experiment. Beamtime at synchrotron sources is in demand, workshops on the subject are popular and researchers adopting the technique as part of their repertoire are growing. With these in mind, this book was written to guide structural biologists who may wish to adopt the technique, understand its strengths and weaknesses or just have a general interest in its potential.

Author : Andreas Michels
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198855170

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Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering by Andreas Michels Pdf

Magnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering provides the first extensive treatment of magnetic small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The theoretical background required to compute magnetic SANS cross sections and correlation functions related to long-wavelength magnetization structures is laidout. The concepts are scrutinized based on the discussion of experimental neutron data. Regarding prior background knowledge, some familiarity with the basic magnetic interactions and phenomena as well as scattering theory is desired.Besides exposing the different origins of magnetic SANS, and furnishing the basics of the magnetic SANS technique in early chapters, a large part of the book is devoted to a comprehensive treatment of the continuum theory of micromagnetics, as it is relevant for the study of the elastic magneticSANS cross section. Analytical expressions for the magnetization Fourier components allow to highlight the essential features of magnetic SANS and to analyze experimental data both in reciprocal, as well as in real space. Later chapters provide an overview on the magnetic SANS of nanoparticles andso-called complex systems (e.g., ferrofluids, magnetic steels, spin glasses and amorphous magnets). It is this subfield where major progress is expected to be made in the coming years, mainly via the increased usage of numerical micromagnetic simulations (Chapter 7), which is a very promisingapproach for the understanding of the magnetic SANS from systems exhibiting nanoscale spin inhomogeneity.

Author : D.S. Sivia
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199228676

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Elementary Scattering Theory by D.S. Sivia Pdf

This book provides the basic theoretical background for X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. Since these techniques are increasingly being used by biologists and chemists, as well as physicists, the book is intended to be accessible to a broad spectrum of scientists.