Social Contract Theory For A Diverse World

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Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World

Ryan Muldoon
Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World Book PDF

Author : Ryan Muldoon
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134793549

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Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World by Ryan Muldoon Pdf

Very diverse societies pose real problems for Rawlsian models of public reason. This is for two reasons: first, public reason is unable accommodate diverse perspectives in determining a regulative ideal. Second, regulative ideals are unable to respond to social change. While models based on public reason focus on the justification of principles, this book suggests that we need to orient our normative theories more toward discovery and experimentation. The book develops a unique approach to social contract theory that focuses on diverse perspectives. It offers a new moral stance that author Ryan Muldoon calls, "The View From Everywhere," which allows for substantive, fundamental moral disagreement. This stance is used to develop a bargaining model in which agents can cooperate despite seeing different perspectives. Rather than arguing for an ideal contract or particular principles of justice, Muldoon outlines a procedure for iterated revisions to the rules of a social contract. It expands Mill's conception of experiments in living to help form a foundational principle for social contract theory. By embracing this kind of experimentation, we move away from a conception of justice as an end state, and toward a conception of justice as a trajectory. Listen to Robert Talisse interview Ryan Muldoon about Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World on the podcast, New Books in Philosophy: http://tinyurl.com/j9oq324 Also, read Ryan Muldoon’s related Niskanen Center article, "Diversity and Disagreement are the Solution, Not the Problem," published Jan. 10, 2017: https://niskanencenter.org/blog/diversity-disagreement-solution-not-problem/

Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World

Ryan Muldoon
Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World Book PDF

Author : Ryan Muldoon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134793617

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Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World by Ryan Muldoon Pdf

Very diverse societies pose real problems for Rawlsian models of public reason. This is for two reasons: first, public reason is unable accommodate diverse perspectives in determining a regulative ideal. Second, regulative ideals are unable to respond to social change. While models based on public reason focus on the justification of principles, this book suggests that we need to orient our normative theories more toward discovery and experimentation. The book develops a unique approach to social contract theory that focuses on diverse perspectives. It offers a new moral stance that author Ryan Muldoon calls, "The View From Everywhere," which allows for substantive, fundamental moral disagreement. This stance is used to develop a bargaining model in which agents can cooperate despite seeing different perspectives. Rather than arguing for an ideal contract or particular principles of justice, Muldoon outlines a procedure for iterated revisions to the rules of a social contract. It expands Mill's conception of experiments in living to help form a foundational principle for social contract theory. By embracing this kind of experimentation, we move away from a conception of justice as an end state, and toward a conception of justice as a trajectory. Listen to Robert Talisse interview Ryan Muldoon about Social Contract Theory for a Diverse World on the podcast, New Books in Philosophy: http://tinyurl.com/j9oq324 Also, read Ryan Muldoon’s related Niskanen Center article, "Diversity and Disagreement are the Solution, Not the Problem," published Jan. 10, 2017: https://niskanencenter.org/blog/diversity-disagreement-solution-not-problem/

New Approaches to Social Contract Theory

Michael Moehler,John Thrasher
New Approaches to Social Contract Theory Book PDF

Author : Michael Moehler,John Thrasher
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198878674

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New Approaches to Social Contract Theory by Michael Moehler,John Thrasher Pdf

This book features new approaches to social contract theory. Whereas traditional social contract theories and their adaptations in the twentieth century were developed for fairly homogeneous societies, societies in the twenty-first century often are characterized by conflicting first-order directives that stem from deep moral, political, religious, and cultural diversity. To address such diversity and the complexities of contemporary societies, new approaches (including formal approaches) to social contract theory have emerged that re-envision the social contract for a fragmented and sometimes polarized, yet interdependent social world. New social contract theory explores how, in a world of continuous disagreement on questions of justice, in particular the ideals of liberty and equality, society can not only progress, but also flourish and become more robust and open in its social fabric. This book brings together, for the first time, defenders and discussants of new social contract theory. It includes contributions by eminent and emerging scholars in this field. The book clarifies the distinct features of new social contract theory and provides a valuable starting point for discussion of this novel movement in social contract theory.

New Approaches to Social Contract Theory

Michael Moehler,Professor of Philosophy Politics and Economics Michael Moehler,John Thrasher
New Approaches to Social Contract Theory Book PDF

Author : Michael Moehler,Professor of Philosophy Politics and Economics Michael Moehler,John Thrasher
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198878650

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New Approaches to Social Contract Theory by Michael Moehler,Professor of Philosophy Politics and Economics Michael Moehler,John Thrasher Pdf

This book discusses new directions in social contract theory. While social contract theory has a long history in moral and political philosophy, social circumstances have significantly changed over time. It presents new approaches to social contract theory that apply to such conditions, addressing some of most pressing social problems today.

The Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism

Jason Brennan,Bas van der Vossen,David Schmidtz
The Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism Book PDF

Author : Jason Brennan,Bas van der Vossen,David Schmidtz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317486794

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The Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism by Jason Brennan,Bas van der Vossen,David Schmidtz Pdf

Libertarians often bill their theory as an alternative to both the traditional Left and Right. The Routledge Handbook of Libertarianism helps readers fully examine this alternative without preaching it to them, exploring the contours of libertarian (sometimes also called classical liberal) thinking on justice, institutions, interpersonal ethics, government, and political economy. The 31 chapters--all written specifically for this volume--are organized into five parts. Part I asks, what should libertarianism learn from other theories of justice, and what should defenders of other theories of justice learn from libertarianism? Part II asks, what are some of the deepest problems facing libertarian theories? Part III asks, what is the right way to think about property rights and the market? Part IV asks, how should we think about the state? Finally, part V asks, how well (or badly) can libertarianism deal with some of the major policy challenges of our day, such as immigration, trade, religion in politics, and paternalism in a free market. Among the Handbook's chapters are those from critics who write about what they believe libertarians get right as well as others from leading libertarian theorists who identify what they think libertarians get wrong. As a whole, the Handbook provides a comprehensive, clear-eyed look at what libertarianism has been and could be, and why it matters.

Public Reason and Diversity

Gerald Gaus
Public Reason and Diversity Book PDF

Author : Gerald Gaus
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781009079037

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Public Reason and Diversity by Gerald Gaus Pdf

Gerald Gaus was one of the leading liberal theorists of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. He developed a pioneering defence of the liberal order based on its unique capacity to handle diversity and disagreement, and he presses the liberal tradition towards a principled openness to pluralism and diversity. This book brings together Gaus's most seminal and creative essays in a single volume for the first time. It also covers a broad span of his career, including essays published shortly before his death, and topics including reasonable pluralism, moral rights, public reason, and the redistributive state. The volume makes accessible the work of one of the most important recent liberal theorists. Many readers will find it of value, especially those in political philosophy, political science, and economics.

The Psychology of Global Crises and Crisis Politics

Irene Strasser,Martin Dege
The Psychology of Global Crises and Crisis Politics Book PDF

Author : Irene Strasser,Martin Dege
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783030769390

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The Psychology of Global Crises and Crisis Politics by Irene Strasser,Martin Dege Pdf

This edited volume brings together some of the most prominent scholars in the fields of theoretical, critical, and political psychology to examine crisis phenomena. The book investigates the role of psychology as a science in times of crisis, discusses how socio-political change affects the discipline and profession, and renders psychological interventions as forms of political action. The authors examine how notions of crisis and the interpretation of crisis scenarios are heavily intertwined with governmental and state interests. Seeking to disentangle individual subjectivity, subjectification, and science as forms of politics, the volume works toward an explicit goal to decolonize psychology. The chapters elaborate on the importance of the psychological sciences in times of crisis and the role of psychologists as practitioners. Ultimately, the diverse contributions underline the connection of scientific theory, practice, and politics. Interdisciplinary in scope and wide-ranging in its perspectives, this timely work will appeal to students and scholars of theoretical and political psychology, critical psychology, and cultural studies.

Moral Theory and Climate Change

Dale E. Miller,Ben Eggleston
Moral Theory and Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Dale E. Miller,Ben Eggleston
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351792899

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Moral Theory and Climate Change by Dale E. Miller,Ben Eggleston Pdf

Climate change has become the most pressing moral and political problem of our time. Ethical theories help us think clearly and more fully about important moral and political issues. And yet, to date, there have been no books that have brought together a broad range of ethical theories to apply them systematically to the problems of climate change. This volume fills that deep need. Two preliminary chapters—an up-to-date synopsis of climate science and an overview of the ethical issues raised by climate change—set the stage. After this, ten leading ethicists in ten separate chapters each present a major ethical theory (or, more broadly, perspective) and discuss the implications of that view for how we decide to respond to a rapidly warming planet. Each chapter first provides a brief exposition of the view before working out what that theory “has to say” about climate change and our response to the problems it poses. Key features: • Up-to-date synopsis of climate science • Clear overviews of a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives by leading experts • Insightful discussions of the implications of these theories and perspectives for our response to climate change • A unique opportunity to assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of various ethical viewpoints.

Peaceful Approaches for a More Peaceful World

Anonim
Peaceful Approaches for a More Peaceful World Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004507227

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Peaceful Approaches for a More Peaceful World by Anonim Pdf

This volume is meant for readers to gain a deeper grasp of the challenges, unique to the present age, for realizing a genuinely peaceful order as well as to consider thoughtful proposals for meeting these challenges.

Forest Governance and Management Across Time

Erland Mårald,Camilla Sandstrom,Annika Nordin,and Others
Forest Governance and Management Across Time Book PDF

Author : Erland Mårald,Camilla Sandstrom,Annika Nordin,and Others
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317445913

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Forest Governance and Management Across Time by Erland Mårald,Camilla Sandstrom,Annika Nordin,and Others Pdf

The influence of the past, and of the future on current-time tradeoffs in the forest arena are particularly relevant given the long-term successions in forest landscapes and the hundred years’ rotations in forestry. Historically established path dependencies and conflicts determine our present situation and delimit what is possible to achieve. Similarly, future trends and desires have a large influence on decision making. Nevertheless, decisions about forest governance and management are always made in the present – in the present-time appraisal of the developed situation, future alternatives and in negotiation between different perspectives, interests, and actors. This book explores historic and future outlooks as well as current tradeoffs and methods in forest governance and management. It emphasizes the generality and complexity with empirical data from Sweden and internationally. It first investigates, from a historical perspective, how previous forest policies and discourses have influenced current forest governance and management. Second, it considers methods to explore alternative forest futures and how the results from such investigations may influence the present. Third, it examines current methods of balancing tradeoffs in decision-making among ecosystem services. Based on the findings the authors develop an integrated approach – Reflexive Forestry – to support exchange of knowledge and understandings to enable capacity building and the establishment of common ground. Such societal agreements, or what the authors elaborate as forest social contracts, are sets of relational commitment between involved actors that may generate mutual action and a common directionality to meet contemporary challenges.

Ethical Competencies for Public Leadership

David Bromell
Ethical Competencies for Public Leadership Book PDF

Author : David Bromell
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030279431

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Ethical Competencies for Public Leadership by David Bromell Pdf

This book identifies six ethical competencies for public leadership in contexts of pluralism. While diversity in proximity generates conflict where people want and value different things, the right kind of leadership and the right kind of politics can minimise domination, humiliation, cruelty and violence. Written by a public policy advisor for fellow practitioners in politics and public life, this book applies political theory and social ethics to identify a set of competencies—being civil, diplomatic, respectful, impartial, fair and prudent—to keep ethics at the centre of a pluralist democratic politics. The six competencies are described in behavioural terms as personal resolutions. They offer valuable tools for mentoring and professional development. This book will appeal to politicians and those who advise them, and anyone who engages in or aspires to public leadership, whether in the public sector, the private sector, the community and voluntary sector or academia.

South Koreans and the Politics of Immigration in Contemporary Australia

David Hundt
South Koreans and the Politics of Immigration in Contemporary Australia Book PDF

Author : David Hundt
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000921403

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South Koreans and the Politics of Immigration in Contemporary Australia by David Hundt Pdf

The book explores the politics of immigration in Australia through an in-depth study of the ‘new generation’ of young Korean migrants in Melbourne. States with high rates of immigration such as Australia can largely determine who enter their societies, but some migrants, such as younger Koreans, can determine how and where they live due to desirable attributes such as their skills, education, and adaptability. The book uses Albert Hirschman’s ‘exit, voice, and loyalty’ schema to explore the choices available to such new and would-be citizens, especially when faced with economic, social, and/or political decline in their host society. Through in-depth interviews, the book explores if young Koreans were most attracted to the options of staying in Australia (loyalty), changing it from within (voice), or leaving (exit). The most common experience among younger Koreans, the book finds, is loyalty: most respondents express satisfaction with their lives in Australia and want to make it their home. These findings reveal how a particular group of migrants negotiates their citizenship with a would-be host society. By extension, the book illustrates the range and degree of strategies available to other migrants and would-be migrants, and how they might secure their livelihoods and well-being at a time of greater restrictions on international migration. This book will be of interest to scholars of multiculturalism and immigration history in Australia, citizenship and migration, and Korean studies.

Open Society Unresolved

Liviu Matei,Christof Royer
Open Society Unresolved Book PDF

Author : Liviu Matei,Christof Royer
Publisher : Central European University Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-03-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789633865903

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Open Society Unresolved by Liviu Matei,Christof Royer Pdf

Is the concept of open society still relevant in the 21st century? Do the current social, moral, and political realities call for a drastic revision of this concept? Here fifteen essays address real-world contemporary challenges to open society from a variety of perspectives. What unites the individual authors and chapters is an interest in open society’s continuing usefulness and relevance to address current problems. And what distinguishes them is a rich variety of geographical and cultural backgrounds, and a wide range of academic disciplines and traditions. While focusing on probing the contemporary relevance of the concept, several chapters approach it historically. The book features a comprehensive introduction to the history and current ‘uses’ of the theory of open society. The authors link the concept to contemporary themes including education, Artificial Intelligence, cognitive science, African cosmology, colonialism, and feminism. The diversity of viewpoints in the analysis reflects a commitment to plurality that is at the heart of this book and of the idea of open society itself.

The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought

Gary Chartier,Chad Van Schoelandt
The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought Book PDF

Author : Gary Chartier,Chad Van Schoelandt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351733588

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The Routledge Handbook of Anarchy and Anarchist Thought by Gary Chartier,Chad Van Schoelandt Pdf

This Handbook offers an authoritative, up-to-date introduction to the rich scholarly conversation about anarchy—about the possibility, dynamics, and appeal of social order without the state. Drawing on resources from philosophy, economics, law, history, politics, and religious studies, it is designed to deepen understanding of anarchy and the development of anarchist ideas at a time when those ideas have attracted increasing attention. The popular identification of anarchy with chaos makes sophisticated interpretations—which recognize anarchy as a kind of social order rather than an alternative to it—especially interesting. Strong, centralized governments have struggled to quell popular frustration even as doubts have continued to percolate about their legitimacy and long-term financial stability. Since the emergence of the modern state, concerns like these have driven scholars to wonder whether societies could flourish while abandoning monopolistic governance entirely. Standard treatments of political philosophy frequently assume the justifiability and desirability of states, focusing on such questions as, What is the best kind of state? and What laws and policies should states adopt?, without considering whether it is just or prudent for states to do anything at all. This Handbook encourages engagement with a provocative alternative that casts more conventional views in stark relief. Its 30 chapters, written specifically for this volume by an international team of leading scholars, are organized into four main parts: I. Concept and Significance II. Figures and Traditions III. Legitimacy and Order IV. Critique and Alternatives In addition, a comprehensive index makes the volume easy to navigate and an annotated bibliography points readers to the most promising avenues of future research.

The Open Society and Its Complexities

Gerald Gaus
The Open Society and Its Complexities Book PDF

Author : Gerald Gaus
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190648992

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The Open Society and Its Complexities by Gerald Gaus Pdf

A mere two decades ago it was widely assumed that liberal democracy and the Open Society it created had decisively won their century-long struggle against authoritarianism. Although subsequent events have shocked many, F.A. Hayek would not have been surprised that we are in many ways disoriented by the society we have created. As he understood it, the Open Society was a precarious achievement in many ways at odds with our deepest moral sentiments. His path-breaking analyses argued that the Open Society runs against our evolved attraction to "tribalism" that the Open Society is too complex for moral justification; and that its self-organized complexity defies attempts at democratic governance. In his final, wide-ranging book, Gerald Gaus critically reexamines Hayek's analyses. Drawing on diverse work in social and moral science, Gaus argues that Hayek's program was manifestly prescient and strikingly sophisticated, always identifying real and pressing problems. Yet, Gaus maintains, Hayek underestimated the resources of human morality and the Open Society to cope with the challenges he perceived. Gaus marshals formal models and empirical evidence to show that our Open Society is grounded on moral foundations of human cooperation originating in our distant evolutionary past, but has built upon them a complex and diverse society that requires us to rethink both the nature of moral justification and the meaning of democratic self-governance. In these fearful, angry and inwardly-looking times, when political philosophy has itself become a hostile exchange between ideological camps, The Open Society and Its Complexities shows how moral and ideological diversity, so far from being the enemy of a free and open society, can be its foundation.