Solving Social Dilemmas

Author : Margaret Foddy,Michael Smithson,Sherry Schneider,Michael A. Hogg
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134838745

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Resolving Social Dilemmas by Margaret Foddy,Michael Smithson,Sherry Schneider,Michael A. Hogg Pdf

This book presents an accessible and state-of-the-art survey of current research on social dilemmas. A social dilemma arises when actions that are justifiable in terms of individual rationality (e.g. over-harvesting resources, or using private instead of public transportation) threaten the common good and in the long run the individual's own self-interest as well. The study of social dilemmas has important links with many areas in psychology, as well as with cognate disciplines such as risk analysis, environmental science, political science, and economics. Accordingly, the book should appeal not only to psychologists but also to a wider audience of scholars and researchers. Contributors include both established authorities and recent innovators, and the organization and contents of the book reflect the most recent trends in this exciting area. Increased attention is given to modeling dynamics and processes in social dilemmas, and greater emphasis placed on exploring structural solutions to dilemmas. New findings and theoretical developments regarding group and inter-group processes are highlighted and a move is made away from a heavy reliance on laboratory experiments and game theory to field studies and real-world applications. A scholarly prospective chapter at the beginning and an integrative concluding chapter provide useful overviews of the area and the contributions to the book.

Author : Satoshi Fujii
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9784431556183

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Prescription for Social Dilemmas by Satoshi Fujii Pdf

This book provides a theoretical, empirical, and pragmatic understanding of social dilemmas (SDs). A SD is a social situation where cooperation maximizing collective or social profit is different from defection maximizing individual profit. Problems arise when too many group members choose to pursue individual profit and immediate satisfaction rather than behave in the group’s best long-term interests. The problems include an environmental problem and various types of urban, economic, and political problems. Most books treating SDs are not monographs but are proceedings or omnibus volumes written by different researchers. Few monographs have been published for SDs, but those few deal only with basic theories and empirical findings. This book, by contrast, is a monograph by a single author and provides complete coverage from basic theories in Part I to applied theories and pragmatic solutions for urban, transportation, and environmental problems in Parts II and III. Various types of strategies are proposed in this book to overcome the problems caused by SDs in various situations based on the basic theories of those dilemmas. The strategies are psychological and structural ones. The book includes theories, empirical evidence in experiments, and practical policies in the real world for these strategies. Thus, the work effectively provides a bridge between basic behavioral scientists, applied behavioral scientists, and practitioners. With this useful source, basic scientists will understand how to apply their scientific knowledge to the real world and also will encounter new scientific problems that should be solved scientifically. Applied researchers and specialists will become familiar with new solutions through basic research on SDs and will be made aware of new pragmatic problems that should be solved with a practical approach.

Author : Roger D. Congleton
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Civil society
ISBN : 9780197642788

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Solving Social Dilemmas by Roger D. Congleton Pdf

"Solving Social Dilemmas demonstrates that social, political, and economic progress occur when ethical dispositions evolve in a manner that solves or ameliorate social dilemmas. That same process can account for the emergence of prosperous societies in the West during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It was substantially a consequence of increased moral support for commerce and careers in commerce that had emerged during the previous two centuries. To support these claims, two analytical histories are developed. The first uses elementary game theory to illustrate how critical social dilemmas can be solved by internalized ethical ideas about "proper" or "moral" conduct. That analytical history implies that in the absence of solutions to critical social dilemmas-of which there are many thousands-social, political, and economic development tends to be curtailed. The second analytical history surveys three centuries of ethical assessments concerning the proper role of commerce in a good life and good society. The authors reviewed all used economic illustrations to illustrate moral principles or how they may be applied. Because the illustrating examples are ones that their readers would have found "obvious," they shed light on the ethical dispositions in the communities to whom those works were addressed. Together, they reveal that concerns about the effects of market son ethical dispositions were diminishing during the centuries before the great acceleration of commerce in the nineteenth century. In fact, many of the authors reviewed argued that there was a complete harmony between ethical dispositions and commerce. Together the two narratives imply that shifts in norms directly and indirectly account for the relative prosperity of the West compared to other parts of the World during the twentieth century. It turns out that flourishing commercial societies have moral foundations"--

Author : Ulrich Schulz,Wulf Albers,Ulrich Mueller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642788604

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Social Dilemmas and Cooperation by Ulrich Schulz,Wulf Albers,Ulrich Mueller Pdf

A social dilemma is a game which at first glance has only inefficient solutions. If efficient solutions are to be achieved, some kind of cooperation among the players is required. This book asks two basic questions, closely intertwined with each other: 1. How is cooperation possible among rational players in such a social dilemma? Which changes in the social context of a social dilemma situation are necessary in order for players to rationally choose the cooperative option? 2. How do real players actually behave in social dilemma situations? Do they behave "rationally" at all? Or, conversely, what kind of reasoning, attitudes, emotions, etc. shape the behavior of real players in social dilemmas? What kind of interventions, what kind of internal mechanisms within a real group may change players' willingness to cooperate? These two general questions mark the broad spectrum of the problem which has been, over the last three decades, investigated in various disciplines, and which has brought many new ideas and new observations into the study of the old question of social order in a world of born egoists. Accordingly, this volume contains contributions by biologists, sociologists, political scientists, economists, mathematicians, psychologists, and philosophers.

Author : Samuel S Komorita
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429965845

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Social Dilemmas by Samuel S Komorita Pdf

Emphasizing real-world examples, Komorita and Parks illustrate both the theoretical and the ecological relevance of social dilemmas, focusing on "exchange theory" to explain how conflicts are resolved. This book is appropriate for students of psychology, political science, and sociology.

Author : Ramzi Suleiman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2004-06-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 0521808928

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Contemporary Psychological Research on Social Dilemmas by Ramzi Suleiman Pdf

It is organized around four core issues, individual differences, which determine people's preferences for outcomes that promote either their own or their group's well-being; the study of dynamic processes based on simulations of artificial societies; social dilemmas that emerge in intergroup conflicts; and the effect of various types and sources of uncertainty on behavior in social dilemma situations."--BOOK JACKET.

Author : Lei Wang,Richard Paul Ebstein,Qiang Shen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832520949

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A multidisciplinary approach towards understanding and solving social dilemmas by Lei Wang,Richard Paul Ebstein,Qiang Shen Pdf

Author : Paul A. M. Van Lange,Daniel P. Balliet,Craig D. Parks,Mark van Vugt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199897612

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Social Dilemmas by Paul A. M. Van Lange,Daniel P. Balliet,Craig D. Parks,Mark van Vugt Pdf

This volume provides a psychological overview of research on human cooperation, while discussing evolutionary and cultural perspectives, along with applications in the management, environment, national security, and health.

Author : Wim Liebrand,David Messick,Henk Wilke
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134675296

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Social Dilemmas by Wim Liebrand,David Messick,Henk Wilke Pdf

This book describes the advances and insights made by social scientists from around the world into the understanding and resolution of social dilemmas. Each chapter discusses its own research findings against the background of a more comprehensive view of social dilemnas.

Author : Anders Biel,Daniel Eek,Tommy Garling,Mathias Gustafson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2007-11-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780387725963

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New Issues and Paradigms in Research on Social Dilemmas by Anders Biel,Daniel Eek,Tommy Garling,Mathias Gustafson Pdf

Readers need look no further if they seeking an edited volume compiled to present the latest developments in the field of social dilemma research. Social dilemmas are situations when there is a conflict between self-interest and collective interest. This work examines under what circumstances people make decisions that are in line with the collective interest as well as investigating what can increase the likelihood of cooperation. Three man sections mirror the different levels of analysis: individual, group, and societal.

Author : Ileana del Pilar Rodríguez-Maldonado
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Consensus (Social sciences)
ISBN : MSU:31293008913570

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Leader's Messages as an Approach for Solving Social Dilemmas by Ileana del Pilar Rodríguez-Maldonado Pdf

Author : Roger D. Congleton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Civil society
ISBN : 0197642810

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Solving Social Dilemmas by Roger D. Congleton Pdf

"Solving Social Dilemmas demonstrates that social, political, and economic progress occur when ethical dispositions evolve in a manner that solves or ameliorate social dilemmas. That same process can account for the emergence of prosperous societies in the West during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It was substantially a consequence of increased moral support for commerce and careers in commerce that had emerged during the previous two centuries. To support these claims, two analytical histories are developed. The first uses elementary game theory to illustrate how critical social dilemmas can be solved by internalized ethical ideas about "proper" or "moral" conduct. That analytical history implies that in the absence of solutions to critical social dilemmas-of which there are many thousands-social, political, and economic development tends to be curtailed. The second analytical history surveys three centuries of ethical assessments concerning the proper role of commerce in a good life and good society. The authors reviewed all used economic illustrations to illustrate moral principles or how they may be applied. Because the illustrating examples are ones that their readers would have found "obvious," they shed light on the ethical dispositions in the communities to whom those works were addressed. Together, they reveal that concerns about the effects of market son ethical dispositions were diminishing during the centuries before the great acceleration of commerce in the nineteenth century. In fact, many of the authors reviewed argued that there was a complete harmony between ethical dispositions and commerce. Together the two narratives imply that shifts in norms directly and indirectly account for the relative prosperity of the West compared to other parts of the World during the twentieth century. It turns out that flourishing commercial societies have moral foundations"--

Author : Samuel S Komorita
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429976926

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Social Dilemmas by Samuel S Komorita Pdf

Emphasizing real-world examples, Komorita and Parks illustrate both the theoretical and the ecological relevance of social dilemmas, focusing on "exchange theory" to explain how conflicts are resolved. This book is appropriate for students of psychology, political science, and sociology.

Author : Paul A. M. van Lange,Bettina Rockenbach,Toshio Yamagishi
Publisher : Human Cooperation
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199300747

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Reward and Punishment in Social Dilemmas by Paul A. M. van Lange,Bettina Rockenbach,Toshio Yamagishi Pdf

One of the key scientific challenges is the puzzle of human cooperation. Why do people cooperate? Why do people help strangers, even sometimes at a major cost to themselves? Why do people want to punish others who violate norms and undermine collective interests? Reward and punishment is a classic theme in research on social dilemmas. More recently, it has received considerable attention from scientists working in various disciplines such as economics, neuroscience, and psychology. We know now that reward and punishment can promote cooperation in so-called public good dilemmas, where people need to decide how much from their personal resources to contribute to the public good. Clearly, enjoying the contributions of others while not contributing is tempting. Punishment (and reward) are effective in reducing free-riding. Yet the recent explosion of research has also triggered many questions. For example, who can reward and punish most effectively? Is punishment effective in any culture? What are the emotions that accompany reward and punishment? Even if reward and punishment are effective, are they also efficient -- knowing that rewards and punishment are costly to administer? How can sanctioning systems best organized to be reduce free-riding? The chapters in this book, the first in a series on human cooperation, explore the workings of reward and punishment, how they should be organized, and their functions in society, thereby providing a synthesis of the psychology, economics, and neuroscience of human cooperation.

Author : Wim B.G. Liebrand,David M. Messick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642852619

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Frontiers in Social Dilemmas Research by Wim B.G. Liebrand,David M. Messick Pdf

Social dilemmas are situations in which individuals, groups or nations face a choice between their own short-term interests and the longer-term interests of all parties involved, including themselves. As a consequence, in the end they all regret the way they have acted. Examples of social dilemmas are easy to find: depletion of vital resources, arms races, over-production of hazardous substances and environmental pollutants, information hoarding, and the failure to provide and maintain public goods. Understanding the dynamics of social dilemmas constitutes a major challenge. One prominent feature that distinguishes this book is the focus on computer simulations as a methodology for the exploration of the dynamic interplay of individual level processes and aggregate outcomes.