Sparing Civilians

Author : Seth Lazar
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191022043

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Sparing Civilians by Seth Lazar Pdf

Killing civilians is worse than killing soldiers. If any moral principle commands near universal assent, this one does. It is written into every major historical and religious tradition that has addressed armed conflict. It is uncompromisingly inscribed in international law. It underpins and informs public discussion of conflict—we always ask first how many civilians died? And it guides political practice, at least in liberal democracies, both in how we fight our wars and in which wars we fight. Few moral principles have been more widely and more viscerally affirmed than this one. And yet, in recent years it has faced a rising tide of dissent. Political and military leaders seeking to slip the constraints of the laws of war have cavilled and qualified. Their complaints have been unwittingly aided by philosophers who, rebuilding just war theory from its foundations, have concluded that this principle is at best a useful fiction. Sparing Civilians aims to turn this tide, and to vindicate international law, and the ruptured consensus. In doing so, Seth Lazar develops new insights into the morality of harm, relevant to everyone interested in normative ethics and political philosophy.

Author : Seth Lazar
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198712985

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Sparing Civilians by Seth Lazar Pdf

Killing civilians is worse than killing soldiers. Few moral principles have been more widely and viscerally affirmed. But in recent years it has faced a rising tide of dissent. Seth Lazar aims to turn this tide, and to vindicate international law. He develops new insights into the morality of harm, relevant to everyone interested in the debate.

Author : C. McKeogh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2002-04-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781403907462

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Innocent Civilians by C. McKeogh Pdf

Why is it that soldiers may be killed in war but civilians may not be killed? By tracing the evolution of the principle of non-combatant immunity in Western thought from its medieval religious origins to its modern legal status, Colm McKeogh attempts to answer this question. In doing so he highlights the unsuccessful attempts to reconcile warfare with our civilization's most fundamental principles of justice.

Author : Sahr Conway-Lanz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136771231

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Collateral Damage by Sahr Conway-Lanz Pdf

"Collateral damage" is a military term for the inadvertent casualties and destruction inflicted on civilians in the course of military operations. In Collateral Damage: Americans, Noncombatant Immunity, and Atrocity after World War II, Sahr Conway-Lanz chronicles the history of America's attempt to reconcile the ideal of sparing civilians with the reality that modern warfare results in the killing of innocent people. Drawing on policymakers' response to the issues raised by the atrocities of World War II and the use of the atomic bomb, as well as the ongoing debate by the American public and the media as the Korean War developed, Conway-Lanz provides a comprehensive examination of modern American discourse on the topic of civilian casualties and provides a fascinating look at the development of what is now commonly known as collateral damage.

Author : Rachel Judith Galvin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190623920

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News of War by Rachel Judith Galvin Pdf

This "is the first book to address the complex relationship between poetry and journalism. In two chapters on civilian literatures of the Spanish Civil War, five chapters on World War II, and an epilogue on contemporary poetry about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Galvin combines analysis of poetic form with attention to socio-historical context, drawing on rare archival sources and furnishing new translations"--Dust jacket flap.

Author : Adil Ahmad Haque
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191511189

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Law and Morality at War by Adil Ahmad Haque Pdf

The laws are not silent in war, but what should they say? What is the moral function of the law of armed conflict? Should the law protect civilians who do not fight but help those who do? Should the law protect soldiers who perform non-combat functions or who may be safely captured? How certain should a soldier be that an individual is a combatant rather than a civilian before using lethal force? What risks should soldiers take on themselves to avoid harming civilians? When do inaccurate weapons become unlawfully indiscriminate? When does 'collateral damage' to civilians become unlawfully disproportionate? Should civilians lose their legal rights by serving, voluntarily or involuntarily, as human shields? Finally, when should killing civilians constitute a war crime? These are the questions that Law and Morality at War answers, contributing to a cutting-edge international debate. Drawing on the concepts and methods of contemporary moral and legal philosophy, the book develops a normative framework within which the laws of war and international criminal law can be evaluated, criticized, and reformed. While several philosophical works critically examine the moral status of civilians and combatants, this book fills a gap, offering both an account of the laws of war and war crimes, and proposing how the law could be improved from a moral point of view.

Author : Igor Primoratz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317074342

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Protecting Civilians During Violent Conflict by Igor Primoratz Pdf

There is almost unanimous agreement that civilians should be protected from the direct effects of violent conflict, and that the distinction between combatant and non-combatant should be respected. But what are the fundamental ethical questions about civilian immunity? Are new styles of conflict making this distinction redundant? Eloquently combining theory and practice, leading scholars from the fields of political science, law and philosophy have been brought together to provide an essential overview of some of the major ethical, legal and political issues with regard to protecting civilians caught up in modern inter- and intra-state conflicts. In doing so, they examine what is being done, and what can be done, to make soldiers more aware of their responsibilities in this area under international law and the ethics of war, and more able to respond appropriately to the challenges that will confront them in the field. 'Protecting Civilians During Violent Conflict' presents a clear-eyed look at the dilemmas facing regular combatants as they confront enemies in the modern battlespace, and especially the complications arising from the new styles of conflict where enemy and civilian populations merge.

Author : Anisseh van Engeland
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199743247

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Civilian Or Combatant? by Anisseh van Engeland Pdf

This title describes how the practice and evolution of warfare have turned international humanitarian law into an enigmatic law that is complex to understand, interpret, and enforce. It identifies the challenges that advocates of international humanitarian law face, which range from genocide, asymmetrical warfare, and terrorism to rape as a weapon. The author demonstrates that this branch of international law is in constant evolution.

Author : Thomas W. Smith
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780812248630

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Human Rights and War Through Civilian Eyes by Thomas W. Smith Pdf

Human rights and the norms of modern warfare -- Humanizing the laws of war -- The implosion of Iraq : "shock and awe," insurgency, and sectarian terror -- The Gaza wars, 2008-2014 : human rights agency and advocacy -- Who's responsible? Justice and accountability -- "Kind-hearted gunmen" : human rights and humanitarian intervention

Author : Human Rights Watch (Organization),Eric Goldstein
Publisher : Human Rights Watch
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Civilian war casualties
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Civilians Under Assault by Human Rights Watch (Organization),Eric Goldstein Pdf

Assessment of Hezbollah's rocket attacks -- Assessment of Hezbollah's wartime statements -- International humanitarian law and asymmetrical conflicts -- Israel's obligations to take precautions against the effects of attacks -- A note on Israeli censorship. -- Recommendations. -- Legal standards applicable to the conflict -- Applicable International Law -- Protections for civilians and civilian objects. -- Hezbollah's arsenal -- Types and accuracy of rockets used -- Hezbollah intelligence -- Suppliers of Hezbollah's weapons -- Hezbollah's use of cluster munitions. -- Case Studies -- Akko -- Arab al-Aramshe -- Haifa : July 16 attack kills eight workers in railroad hangar -- July 17 attack nearly destroys 3-story apartment building -- August 6 attack kills three elderly persons -- Targeting the port area. -- Karmiel, Majd al-Krum, and Deir al-Assad -- Kiryat Shmona -- HaKrayot -- Ma'alot-Tarshiha and Me'ilia -- Mazra : mental hospital hit -- Mghar -- Nahariya -- Nahariya Hospital -- Nazareth -- Kibbutz Saar -- Safed (Tzfat). -- Hezbollah's justifications for attacks on civilian areas. -- Israel's obligations to take precautions against the effects of attacks -- Protection of civilians during wartime and the Principle of non-discrimination. -- Historical background to the 2006 Conflict. -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix.

Author : Stuart Casey-Maslen,Tobias Vestner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022-08-25
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781009059657

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International Law and Policy on the Protection of Civilians by Stuart Casey-Maslen,Tobias Vestner Pdf

This is the first comprehensive treatment of international law and policy on the protection of civilians in armed conflict. In addition to international humanitarian and human rights law, jus ad bellum, disarmament law, and international criminal law are all critical to civilian protection. The book offers in-depth analysis and explanation of the normative framework while also outlining and discussing the policies of concerned States and international and humanitarian organisations. The role of the United Nations as a key actor is considered along with regional organisations such as the African Union, the European Union, and NATO. Particular attention is given to those at direct risk of harm during armed conflict, including children, women, persons with disabilities, and LGBTI persons.

Author : Nicola Foote,Nadya Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-08-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351714563

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Civilians and Warfare in World History by Nicola Foote,Nadya Williams Pdf

This book explores the role played by civilians in shaping the outcomes of military combat across time and place. This volume explores the contributions civilians have made to warfare in case studies that range from ancient Europe to contemporary Africa and Latin America. Building on philosophical and legal scholarship, it explores the blurred boundary between combatant and civilian in different historical contexts and examines how the absence of clear demarcations shapes civilian strategic positioning and impacts civilian vulnerability to military targeting and massacre. The book argues that engagement with the blurred boundaries between combatant and non-combatant both advance the key analytical questions that underpin the historical literature on civilians and underline the centrality of civilians to a full understanding of warfare. The volume provides new insight into why civilian death and suffering has been so common, despite widespread beliefs embedded in legal and military codes across time and place that killing civilians is wrong. Ultimately, the case studies in the book show that civilians, while always victims of war, were nevertheless often able to become empowered agents in defending their own lives, and impacting the outcomes of wars. By highlighting civilian military agency and broadening the sense of which actors affect strategic outcomes, the book also contributes to a richer understanding of war itself. This book will be of much interest to students of military studies, international history, international relations and war and conflict studies.

Author : Sebastian Kaempf
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108427647

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Saving Soldiers or Civilians? by Sebastian Kaempf Pdf

"While the United States has not lost its appetite for war, the way in which its conflicts are being waged has changed dramatically."--Provided by publisher.

Author : Dan Kuwali,Frans Viljoen
Publisher : PULP
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-16
Category : Africa
ISBN : 9781920538668

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By all means necessary: Protecting civilians and preventing mass atrocities in Africa by Dan Kuwali,Frans Viljoen Pdf

Author : Beatrice Heuser
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : War (Philosophy)
ISBN : 9780198796893

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War by Beatrice Heuser Pdf

War has been conceptualised from a military perspective, but also from ethical, legal, and philosophical viewpoints. These different analytical perspectives are all necessary to understand the many dimensions war, the continua on which war is situated - from small-scale to large-scale, from limited in time or long, from less to extremely destructive, with varying aims, and degrees of involvement of populations. Western civilisations have conceptualised war in binary ways denying the variety of manifestations of war along these continua. While binary definitions are necessary to capture different conditions legally, they hamper analysis. The binaries include inter-State and intestine war, just war and unjust war (the latter including insurgencies), citizen-soldiers and professionals, civilians and combatants. Yet realities have mostly straddled such demarcations. Even citizen-armies have usually included professionals, civilians have been treated as enemies and sometimes even formally defined as enemies, and rules have not conformed with binary distinctions, if they were respected at all. While customary rules governing the conduct of war have been turned into International Law, this is the only aspect of war that has developed in a fairly linear way, while the rise, disappearance, and renaissance of the just war tradition has been anything but linear. This non-linearity also applies to the brutality with which war has been fought, especially towards civilians, who for long stretches of European history must have been the main victims of war, notwithstanding increasing protection they were afforded in theory by customary law. To understand war, we must shed some of these binaries.