Strong Generative Capacity

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Strong Generative Capacity

Philip H. Miller
Strong Generative Capacity Book PDF

Author : Philip H. Miller
Publisher : Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2000-02-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 157586214X

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Strong Generative Capacity by Philip H. Miller Pdf

The concept of 'strong generative capacity' (SGC) of a linguistic formalism was introduced by Chomsky in the early sixties in order to characterize descriptive capacity. However, the original definition proposed by Chomsky turned out to be unusable, especially when one wished to compare the SGC of different types of formalisms. This book provides for the first time a rigorous and useful characterization of SGC, defining it as the model theoretic semantics of linguistic formalism. Specifically, abstract interpretation domains are defined in theory-neutral set-theoretical terms, and the SGC of a theory with respect to a given interpretation domain is characterized as the range of a specific interpretation function mapping structural descriptions of that theory into elements of that domain. Interpretation domains are defined for such notions as labeled constituency, dependency, endocentricity and linking and applied to the analysis of a range of linguistic formalisms, among which context-free grammars, dependency grammars, X-bar grammars, tree-adjoining grammars, transformational grammars and categorial grammars.

Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics

Michael Moortgat
Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Michael Moortgat
Publisher : Springer
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2003-06-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540457381

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Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics by Michael Moortgat Pdf

The conference series Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics (LACL) aims at providing a forum for the presentation and discussion of current research in all the formal and logical aspects of computational linguistics. The LACL initiative started with a workshop held in Nancy (France) in 1995. Selected papers from this event have appeared as a special issue of the Journal of Logic Language and Information, Volume 7(4), 1998. In 1996, LACL shifted to the format of an international conference. LACL’96 and ’97 were both held in Nancy (France). The proceedings appeared as volumes 1328 and 1582 of the Springer Lecture Notes in Arti cial Intelligence. This volume contains selected papers of the third international conference on Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics (LACL’98), held in Grenoble, France, from December 14 to 16, 1998. The conference was organized by the U- versity Pierre Mend es-France (Grenoble 2) together with LORIA (Laboratoire Lorrain d’Informatique et Applications, Nancy). On the basis of 33 submitted 4-page abstracts, the Program Committee selected 19 contributions for pres- tation. In addition to the selected papers, the program featured three invited talks, by Maarten de Rijke (ILLC, Amsterdam), Makoto Kanazawa (Chiba U- versity, Japan), and Fernando Pereira (AT&T Labs). After the conference, the contributors were invited to submit a full paper for the conference proceedings.

Aspects of the Theory of Syntax

Noam Chomsky
Aspects of the Theory of Syntax Book PDF

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1969-03-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0262260506

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Aspects of the Theory of Syntax by Noam Chomsky Pdf

Chomsky proposes a reformulation of the theory of transformational generative grammar that takes recent developments in the descriptive analysis of particular languages into account. Beginning in the mid-fifties and emanating largely form MIT, an approach was developed to linguistic theory and to the study of the structure of particular languages that diverges in many respects from modern linguistics. Although this approach is connected to the traditional study of languages, it differs enough in its specific conclusions about the structure and in its specific conclusions about the structure of language to warrant a name, "generative grammar." Various deficiencies have been discovered in the first attempts to formulate a theory of transformational generative grammar and in the descriptive analysis of particular languages that motivated these formulations. At the same time, it has become apparent that these formulations can be extended and deepened.The major purpose of this book is to review these developments and to propose a reformulation of the theory of transformational generative grammar that takes them into account. The emphasis in this study is syntax; semantic and phonological aspects of the language structure are discussed only insofar as they bear on syntactic theory.

Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, 50th Anniversary Edition

Noam Chomsky
Aspects of the Theory of Syntax 50th Anniversary Edition Book PDF

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-12-26
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262527408

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Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, 50th Anniversary Edition by Noam Chomsky Pdf

The fiftieth anniversary edition of a landmark work in generative grammar that continues to be influential, with a new preface by the author. Noam Chomsky's Aspects of the Theory of Syntax, published in 1965, was a landmark work in generative grammar that introduced certain technical innovations still drawn upon in contemporary work. The fiftieth anniversary edition of this influential book includes a new preface by the author that identifies proposals that seem to be of lasting significance, reviews changes and improvements in the formulation and implementation of basic ideas, and addresses some of the controversies that arose over the general framework. Beginning in the mid-fifties and emanating largely from MIT, linguists developed an approach to linguistic theory and to the study of the structure of particular languages that diverged in many respects from conventional modern linguistics. Although the new approach was connected to the traditional study of languages, it differed enough in its specific conclusions about the structure of language to warrant a name, “generative grammar.” Various deficiencies were discovered in the first attempts to formulate a theory of transformational generative grammar and in the descriptive analysis of particular languages that motivated these formulations. At the same time, it became apparent that these formulations can be extended and deepened. In this book, Chomsky reviews these developments and proposes a reformulation of the theory of transformational generative grammar that takes them into account. The emphasis in this study is syntax; semantic and phonological aspects of the language structure are discussed only insofar as they bear on syntactic theory.

Structure

Howard Lasnik,Juan Uriagereka
Structure Book PDF

Author : Howard Lasnik,Juan Uriagereka
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-12-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262371988

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Structure by Howard Lasnik,Juan Uriagereka Pdf

Natural phenomena, including human language, are not just series of events but are organized quasi-periodically; sentences have structure, and that structure matters. Howard Lasnik and Juan Uriagereka “were there” when generative grammar was being developed into the Minimalist Program. In this presentation of the universal aspects of human language as a cognitive phenomenon, they rationally reconstruct syntactic structure. In the process, they touch upon structure dependency and its consequences for learnability, nuanced arguments (including global ones) for structure presupposed in standard linguistic analyses, and a formalism to capture long-range correlations. For practitioners, the authors assess whether “all we need is Merge,” while for outsiders, they summarize what needs to be covered when attempting to have structure “emerge.” Reconstructing the essential history of what is at stake when arguing for sentence scaffolding, the authors cover a range of larger issues, from the traditional computational notion of structure (the strong generative capacity of a system) and how far down into words it reaches to whether its variants, as evident across the world’s languages, can arise from non-generative systems. While their perspective stems from Noam Chomsky’s work, it does so critically, separating rhetoric from results. They consider what they do to be empirical, with the formalism being only a tool to guide their research (of course, they want sharp tools that can be falsified and have predictive power). Reaching out to skeptics, they invite potential collaborations that could arise from mutual examination of one another’s work, as they attempt to establish a dialogue beyond generative grammar.

Grammars for Language and Genes

David Chiang
Grammars for Language and Genes Book PDF

Author : David Chiang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642204449

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Grammars for Language and Genes by David Chiang Pdf

Grammars are gaining importance in natural language processing and computational biology as a means of encoding theories and structuring algorithms. But one serious obstacle to applications of grammars is that formal language theory traditionally classifies grammars according to their weak generative capacity (what sets of strings they generate) and tends to ignore strong generative capacity (what sets of structural descriptions they generate) even though the latter is more relevant to applications. This book develops and demonstrates a framework for carrying out rigorous comparisons of grammar formalisms in terms of their usefulness for applications, focusing on three areas of application: statistical parsing, natural language translation, and biological sequence analysis. These results should pave the way for theoretical research to pursue results that are more directed towards applications, and for practical research to explore the use of advanced grammar formalisms more easily.

Merge in the Mind-Brain

Naoki Fukui
Merge in the Mind Brain Book PDF

Author : Naoki Fukui
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-04-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781315442792

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Merge in the Mind-Brain by Naoki Fukui Pdf

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Original Publication Details -- Introduction -- Part I Merge in the Mind -- 1 Merge and Bare Phrase Structure -- 2 Merge and (A)symmetry -- 3 Generalized Search and Cyclic Derivation by Phase: A Preliminary Study -- 4 Merge, Labeling, and Projection -- 5 A Note on Weak vs. Strong Generation in Human Language -- 6 0-Search and 0-Merge -- Part II Merge in the Brain -- 7 The Cortical Dynamics in Building Syntactic Structures of Sentences: An MEG Study in a Minimal-Pair Paradigm -- 8 Syntactic Computation in the Human Brain: The Degree of Merger as a Key Factor -- 9 Computational Principles of Syntax in the Regions Specialized for Language: Integrating Theoretical Linguistics and Functional Neuroimaging -- Bibliography -- Author Index -- Subject Index

Cogitations

Jerrold J. Katz
Cogitations Book PDF

Author : Jerrold J. Katz
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Analysis (Philosophy).
ISBN : 9780195055504

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Cogitations by Jerrold J. Katz Pdf

Arguing that the problem with Descartes's Cogito ergo sum --a famous but controversial philosophical dictum--lies in a deficiency in the theory of language and logic that Cartesian scholars have brought to the study of the Cogito, Katz here proposes that the Cogito be understood as an example of "analytic entailment," a thesis according to which a statement can be a formally valid inference without depending on a law of logic.

Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar

Stefan Müller ,Anne Abeillé,Robert D. Borsley,Jean-Pierre Koenig
Head Driven Phrase Structure Grammar Book PDF

Author : Stefan Müller ,Anne Abeillé,Robert D. Borsley,Jean-Pierre Koenig
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 1632 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961102556

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Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar by Stefan Müller ,Anne Abeillé,Robert D. Borsley,Jean-Pierre Koenig Pdf

Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) is a constraint-based or declarative approach to linguistic knowledge, which analyses all descriptive levels (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics) with feature value pairs, structure sharing, and relational constraints. In syntax it assumes that expressions have a single relatively simple constituent structure. This volume provides a state-of-the-art introduction to the framework. Various chapters discuss basic assumptions and formal foundations, describe the evolution of the framework, and go into the details of the main syntactic phenomena. Further chapters are devoted to non-syntactic levels of description. The book also considers related fields and research areas (gesture, sign languages, computational linguistics) and includes chapters comparing HPSG with other frameworks (Lexical Functional Grammar, Categorial Grammar, Construction Grammar, Dependency Grammar, and Minimalism).

The Origins of Grammar

James R. Hurford
The Origins of Grammar Book PDF

Author : James R. Hurford
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 808 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199207879

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The Origins of Grammar by James R. Hurford Pdf

The second in James Hurford's acclaimed two-volume exploration of the biological evolution of language explores the evolutionary and cultural preconditions and consequences of humanity's great leap into language.

Birdsong, Speech, and Language

Johan J. Bolhuis,Martin Everaert
Birdsong Speech and Language Book PDF

Author : Johan J. Bolhuis,Martin Everaert
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262313834

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Birdsong, Speech, and Language by Johan J. Bolhuis,Martin Everaert Pdf

Prominent scholars consider the cognitive and neural similarities between birdsong and human speech and language. Scholars have long been captivated by the parallels between birdsong and human speech and language. In this book, leading scholars draw on the latest research to explore what birdsong can tell us about the biology of human speech and language and the consequences for evolutionary biology. After outlining the basic issues involved in the study of both language and evolution, the contributors compare birdsong and language in terms of acquisition, recursion, and core structural properties, and then examine the neurobiology of song and speech, genomic factors, and the emergence and evolution of language. Contributors Hermann Ackermann, Gabriël J.L. Beckers, Robert C. Berwick, Johan J. Bolhuis, Noam Chomsky, Frank Eisner, Martin Everaert, Michale S. Fee, Olga Fehér, Simon E. Fisher, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Jonathan B. Fritz, Sharon M.H. Gobes, Riny Huijbregts, Eric Jarvis, Robert Lachlan, Ann Law, Michael A. Long, Gary F. Marcus, Carolyn McGettigan, Daniel Mietchen, Richard Mooney, Sanne Moorman, Kazuo Okanoya, Christophe Pallier, Irene M. Pepperberg, Jonathan F. Prather, Franck Ramus, Eric Reuland, Constance Scharff, Sophie K. Scott, Neil Smith, Ofer Tchernichovski, Carel ten Cate, Christopher K. Thompson, Frank Wijnen, Moira Yip, Wolfram Ziegler, Willem Zuidema

On the Logic and Learning of Language

Sean A. Fulop
On the Logic and Learning of Language Book PDF

Author : Sean A. Fulop
Publisher : Trafford Publishing
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2004-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781412222181

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On the Logic and Learning of Language by Sean A. Fulop Pdf

This book presents the author's research on automatic learning procedures for categorial grammars of natural languages. The research program spans a number of intertwined disciplines, including syntax, semantics, learnability theory, logic, and computer science. The theoretical framework employed is an extension of categorial grammar that has come to be called multimodal or type-logical grammar. The first part of the book presents an expository summary of how grammatical sentences of any language can be deduced with a specially designed logical calculus that treats syntactic categories as its formulae. Some such Universal Type Logic is posited to underlie the human language faculty, and all linguistic variation is captured by the different systems of semantic and syntactic categories which are assigned in the lexicons of different languages. The remainder of the book is devoted to the explicit formal development of computer algorithms which can learn the lexicons of type logical grammars from learning samples of annotated sentences. The annotations consist of semantic terms expressed in the lambda calculus, and may also include an unlabeled tree-structuring over the sentence. The major features of the research include the following: We show how the assumption of a universal linguistic component---the logic of language---is not incompatible with the conviction that every language needs a different system of syntactic and semantic categories for its proper description. The supposedly universal linguistic categories descending from antiquity (noun, verb, etc.) are summarily discarded. Languages are here modeled as consisting primarily of sentence trees labeled with semantic structures; a new mathematical class of such term-labeled tree languages is developed which cross-cuts the well-known Chomsky hierarchy and provides a formal restrictive condition on the nature of human languages. The human language acquisition mechanism is postulated to be biased, such that it assumes all input language samples are drawn from the above "syntactically homogeneous" class; in this way, the universal features of human languages arise not just from the innate logic of language, but also from the innate biases which govern language learning. This project represents the first complete explicit attempt to model the aquisition of human language since Steve Pinker's groundbreaking 1984 publication, "Language Learnability and Language Development."

Approaches to Language: Data, Theory, and Explanation

Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun
Approaches to Language Data Theory and Explanation Book PDF

Author : Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889636686

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Approaches to Language: Data, Theory, and Explanation by Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun Pdf

The study of language has changed substantially in the last decades. In particular, the development of new technologies has allowed the emergence of new experimental techniques which complement more traditional approaches to data in linguistics (like informal reports of native speakers’ judgments, surveys, corpus studies, or fieldwork). This move is an enriching feature of contemporary linguistics, allowing for a better understanding of a phenomenon as complex as natural language, where all sorts of factors (internal and external to the individual) interact (Chomsky 2005). This has generated some sort of divergence not only in research approaches, but also in the phenomena studied, with an increasing specialization between subfields and accounts. At the same time, it has also led to subfield isolation and methodological a priori, with some researchers even claiming that theoretical linguistics has little to offer to cognitive science (see for instance Edelman & Christiansen 2003). We believe that this view of linguistics (and cognitive science as a whole) is misguided, and that the complementarity of different approaches to such a multidimensional phenomenon as language should be highlighted for convergence and further development of its scientific study (see also Jackendoff 1988, 2007; Phillips & Lasnik 2003; den Dikken, Bernstein, Tortora & Zanuttini 2007; Sprouse, Schütze & Almeida 2013; Phillips 2013).

Language, Mind and Computation

P. Mondal
Language Mind and Computation Book PDF

Author : P. Mondal
Publisher : Springer
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-11-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781137449436

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Language, Mind and Computation by P. Mondal Pdf

This book explores how and in what ways the relationship between language, mind and computation can be conceived of, given that a number of foundational assumptions about this relationship remain unacknowledged in mainstream linguistic theory, yet continue to be the basis of theoretical developments and empirical advances.

Biolinguistic Investigations and the Formal Language Hierarchy

Juan Uriagereka
Biolinguistic Investigations and the Formal Language Hierarchy Book PDF

Author : Juan Uriagereka
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-06-14
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781351622264

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Biolinguistic Investigations and the Formal Language Hierarchy by Juan Uriagereka Pdf

This volume collects some of Juan Uriagereka’s previously published pieces and presentations on biolinguistics in recent years in one comprehensive volume. The book’s introduction lays the foundation for the field of biolinguistics, which looks to integrate concepts from the natural sciences in the analysis of natural language, situating the discussion within the minimalist framework. The volume then highlights eight of the author’s key papers from the literature, some co-authored, representative of both the architectural and evolutionary considerations to be taken into account within biolinguistic research. The book culminates in a final chapter showcasing the body of work being done on biolinguistics within the research program at the University of Maryland and their implications for interdisciplinary research and future directions for the field. This volume is essential reading for students and scholars interested in the interface between language and the natural sciences, including linguistics, syntax, biology, archaeology, and anthropology.