Submarine Cables And The Oceans

Author : L. Carter
Publisher : UNEP/Earthprint
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0956338720

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Submarine Cables and the Oceans by L. Carter Pdf

There are many things and services in our everyday life that we take for granted, and telecommunications is one of them. We surf the internet, send emails to friends and colleagues abroad, talk to family members in foreign countries over the phone, book airline seats and make banking transactions without actually realizing and appreciating the sophisticated technology that enables us to do so. This report covers the history and nature of cables, their special status in international law, their interaction with the environment and other ocean users and, finally, the challenges of the future. It is an evidence-based synopsis that aims to improve the quality and availability of information to enhance understanding and cooperation between all stakeholders. UNEP-WCMC in collaboration with the International Cable Protection Committee and UNEP has prepared this new report to provide an objective, factual description of the sub-marine cable industry and the interaction of submarine telecommunications (which route 95% of all international communications traffic) with the marine environment. This important report seeks to focus and guide deliberations and decision making on the wise conservation and protection of the oceans in concert with their sustainable management and use.

Author : Douglas R. Burnett,Lionel Carter
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004351608

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International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction by Douglas R. Burnett,Lionel Carter Pdf

If one uses Facebook, Facetime, Skype, Netflix, or any application of the internet internationally, a submarine cable is involved. Fibre optic cables bind the world together and computer server farms, maintained by major telecom and content companies, allow vast amounts of data to be stored and retrieved from the cloud. Not often appreciated is the fact that these server locations worldwide are connected by submarine fibre optic cables. In this sense, the cloud is beneath the sea. While submarine communication cables have been in steady use since 1850, their preeminent place in the modern world has never been as dominant and personal as now. Recently, calls have mounted in the context of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) for centralized control of submarine cables and for express or de facto diminishment of the freedoms related to them via the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, that have served the world’s peoples for so long. In International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Douglas R. Burnett and Lionel Carter examine the time proven importance of the existing international treaties, the largely peer-reviewed science on the environmental interaction of submarine cables with high seas environments, and the current submarine cable issues in the context of the BBNJ debates.

Author : Nicole Starosielski
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780822376224

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The Undersea Network by Nicole Starosielski Pdf

In our "wireless" world it is easy to take the importance of the undersea cable systems for granted, but the stakes of their successful operation are huge, as they are responsible for carrying almost all transoceanic Internet traffic. In The Undersea Network Nicole Starosielski follows these cables from the ocean depths to their landing zones on the sandy beaches of the South Pacific, bringing them to the surface of media scholarship and making visible the materiality of the wired network. In doing so, she charts the cable network's cultural, historical, geographic and environmental dimensions. Starosielski argues that the environments the cables occupy are historical and political realms, where the network and the connections it enables are made possible by the deliberate negotiation and manipulation of technology, culture, politics and geography. Accompanying the book is an interactive digital mapping project, where readers can trace cable routes, view photographs and archival materials, and read stories about the island cable hubs.

Author : Douglas R. Burnett,Robert Beckman,Tara M. Davenport
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-24
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004260337

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Submarine Cables by Douglas R. Burnett,Robert Beckman,Tara M. Davenport Pdf

Submarine fiber optic cables are critical communications infrastructure for States around the world. They are laid on the seabed, are often no bigger than a garden hose, and transmit immense amounts of data across oceans. These cables are the backbone of the internet and phone services and underpin core State interests, such as the finance sector, shipping, commerce and banking industries. Without the capacity to transmit and receive data via submarine cables, the economic security of States would be severely compromised. Despite the fact that 95 per cent of all data and telecommunications between States are transmitted via submarine cables, there is little understanding of how these cables operate. As a result some States have developed policies and laws that undermine the integrity of international telecommunications systems. Submarine Cables: The Handbook of Law and Policy provides a one-stop-shop of essential information relating to the international governance of submarine cables. The Handbook is a unique collaboration between international lawyers and experts from the submarine cable industry. It provides a practical insight into the law and policy issues that affect the protection of submarine cables, as well as the laying, maintenance and operation of such cables. In addition, the law and policy issues in relation to other special purpose cables, such as power cables, marine scientific research cables, military cables, and offshore energy cables, are also addressed.

Author : S. F. Van Choate
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1865
Category : Cables, Submarine
ISBN : COLUMBIA:CU50535536

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Ocean Telegraphing by S. F. Van Choate Pdf

Author : Markus Kotzur,Nele Matz-Lück,Alexander Proelss,Roda Verheyen,Joachim Sanden
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004360273

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Sustainable Ocean Resource Governance by Markus Kotzur,Nele Matz-Lück,Alexander Proelss,Roda Verheyen,Joachim Sanden Pdf

Sustainable Ocean Resource Governance offers perspectives on the legal interface between sustainable economic growth, effective marine resource management and environmental protection of the sea.

Author : Douglas R. Burnett,L. Carter
Publisher : Brill Research Perspectives in
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Law
ISBN : 9004351590

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International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction by Douglas R. Burnett,L. Carter Pdf

If one uses Facebook, Facetime, Skype, Netflix, or any application of the internet internationally, a submarine cable is involved. Fibre optic cables bind the world together and computer server farms, maintained by major telecom and content companies, allow vast amounts of data to be stored and retrieved from the cloud. Not often appreciated is the fact that these server locations worldwide are connected by submarine fibre optic cables. In this sense, the cloud is beneath the sea. While submarine communication cables have been in steady use since 1850, their preeminent place in the modern world has never been as dominant and personal as now. Recently, calls have mounted in the context of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) for centralized control of submarine cables and for express or de factodiminishment of the freedoms related to them via the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, that have served the world's peoples for so long. In International Submarine Cables and Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Douglas R. Burnett and Lionel Carter examine the time proven importance of the existing international treaties, the largely peer-reviewed science on the environmental interaction of submarine cables with high seas environments, and the current submarine cable issues in the context of the BBNJ debates.

Author : T. Tricas
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437989144

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Effects of EMFs from Undersea Power Cables on Elasmobranchs and Other Marine Species: Final Report by T. Tricas Pdf

Author : Chester G. Hearn
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780313013683

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Circuits in the Sea by Chester G. Hearn Pdf

This book tells the story of the scientific talent and technological prowess of two nations that joined forces to connect themselves with a communications cable that would change the world. In 1855 an American visionary named Cyrus West Field, who knew nothing about telegraphy, sought to establish a monopoly on telegraphic revenues between North America and Europe. Field and the wealthy New Yorkers who formed the first Atlantic cable-laying company never suspected that spanning the vast and stormy Atlantic would require 11 years of frustration and horrific financial sacrifice. The enterprise would eventually engage some of the most brilliant minds in England, Scotland, and the United States, attracting men of science, men of wealth, and men of curiosity. Message time would be cut from more than four weeks to about two minutes. Such a feat would not have been possible without the massive ship the Great Eastern, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Britain's foremost engineer, or the financial backing of Thomas Brassey, the era's greatest builder of railroads. Despite four failed attempts and the enmity that developed between the Union and Great Britain during America's Civil War, Field never stopped urging his British friends to perfect a cable that could function in water as deep as two and a half miles. Without the unified effort of this small cadre of determined engineers, decades may have passed before submarine cables became reliable. This is the story of these men, their ships, and the technology that made it all possible. Behind the scenes were tough and worthy competitors who tried to beat them to the punch, adding a sense of urgency to their monumental task. Some called the Atlantic cable the greatest feat of the 19th century—with good reason. It perfected transoceanic communications and connected the world with circuits in the sea.

Author : Jose Chesnoy
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 551 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002-10-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080492371

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Undersea Fiber Communication Systems by Jose Chesnoy Pdf

Description This book provides a detailed overview of the evolution of undersea communications systems, with emphasis on the most recent breakthroughs of optical submarine cable technologies based upon Wavelength Division Multiplexing, optical amplification, new-generation optical fibers, and high-speed digital electronics. The role played by submarine-communication systems in the development of high-speed networks and associated market demands for multiplying Internet and broadband services is also covered. Importance of This Topic This book will fill the gap between highly specialized papers from large international conferences and broad-audience technology review updates. The book provides a full overview of the evolution in the field and conveys the dimension of the large undersea projects. In addition, the book uncovers the myths surrounding marine operations and installations in that domain, which have remained known so far to only very few specialists.

Author : Utpal Kumar Raha,Raju K. D.
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789811634369

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Submarine Cables Protection and Regulations by Utpal Kumar Raha,Raju K. D. Pdf

This book highlights the critical importance of laying, quick relinking, and protecting submarine cables with timely approval for carriers and cable repairing ships and how these are most challenging in many jurisdictions. It identifies that a dedicated national instrument on submarine cable as a way forward is yet to be appreciated by many States, and presently, there is no model legal framework for national instruments on submarine cables available. To bridge these gaps, the book undertakes a systematic inquiry and analysis of submarine cable regimes' and relevant authorities. It consults existing knowledge on international law on cables and analyzes specific principles and provisions on laying repair and maintenance of submarine cables and states’ obligations towards protecting cables from vulnerabilities. It touches upon cable regulation in the deep sea concerning the International Seabed Authority and proposed biodiversity agreement. It indicates suitable measures on cable laying, etc., and security risks in the marine space beyond the national jurisdictions. To map States’ response, it explores the domestic cable regimes, including both the selected jurisdictions and Australia and New Zealand, analyses specific legal provisions and institutional set-up, and demonstrates state practices, approaches, and loopholes in the governance of the cable system within national jurisdictions. The book suggests adopting the spatial ocean management approach, dedicated regulatory authority, a competent enforcement agency, strict liability with exemplary punishment on cable damage, and the cable system to strengthen the cable system's management. Finally, it arranges the fundamental premises of a common minimum framework for national instruments seeking coastal states’ deliberations in implementing initiatives towards a robust law and policy for reliability, resiliency, and security of the cable system. The cable industries, pipeline, fishing, shipping industries, academicians, government authorities, international bodies, and the maritime community worldwide are looking at the issues and challenges of submarine cable regimes, particularly national regimes and suggestive remedial measures. These stakeholders will find the book a useful reference.

Author : William Rowett
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1865
Category : Cables, Submarine
ISBN : BL:A0026628028

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The Ocean Telegraph Cable by William Rowett Pdf

Author : Yin-can YE,Xinmin Jiang,Guofu Pan,Wei Jiang
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128134764

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Submarine Optical Cable Engineering by Yin-can YE,Xinmin Jiang,Guofu Pan,Wei Jiang Pdf

Submarine Optical Cable Engineering presents a summary and exposition from authors engaged in the submarine optical cable engineering field. It systematically discusses the theory and practice of engineering site selection, route survey, laying construction, system maintenance, and safety in operation and information management, all topics relating to the long-term development and progress of science and technology. As there are now more than 230 extant systems, with a total length of more than one million kilometers, this book compiles the wealth of experience that has accumulated regarding their construction stemming from the first inter ocean submarine cable system (TAT-8) built in 1988. Describes and summarizes the theory and practice of submarine optical cable engineering site selection, route survey, laying construction, system maintenance, safety in operation and information management Presents analysis derived from active engagement in the construction of submarine optical cables engineering taken from decades of experience Embodies the theory of marine science and engineering practice, combining multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary combination of knowledge and international perspective on the characteristics and the discussion of theory, technology and methods Introduces the international submarine cable protection organizations, relevant law and the law of the sea

Author : S. F. VAN CHOATE
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1865
Category : Electronic
ISBN : BL:A0017479493

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Ocean Telegraphing. Adaptation of new principles for the successful working of submarine cables, etc. [With plates, including a portrait, and a map.] by S. F. VAN CHOATE Pdf

Author : Thomas Worzyk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009-08-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642012709

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Submarine Power Cables by Thomas Worzyk Pdf

The demand for high-performance submarine power cables is increasing as more and more offshore wind parks are installed, and the national electric grids are interconnected. Submarine power cables are installed for the highest voltages and power to transport electric energy under the sea between islands, countries and even continents. The installation and operation of submarine power cables is much different from land cables. Still, in most textbooks on electrical power systems, information on submarine cables is scarce. This book is closing the gap. Different species of submarine power cables and their application are explained. Students and electric engineers learn on the electric and mechanic properties of submarine cables. Project developers and utility managers will gain useful information on the necessary marine activities such as pre-laying survey, cable lay vessels, guard boats etc., for the submarine cable installation and repair. Investors and decision makers will find an overview on environmental aspects of submarine power cables. A comprehensive reference list is given for those who want further reading.