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Author : Daniel E. Bender,Richard A. Greenwald
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 041593561X
First Published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author : Ellen Israel Rosen
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002-12-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520233379
A historical analysis of the globalization of the U.S. apparel industry investigates the problems of domestic apparel workers, noting the influence of trade policy and global economics to reveal how current processes are creating extreme levels of poverty. Simultaneous. (Social Science)
Author : Caroline Mutuku
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783668724549
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Business Ethics, Corporate Ethics, grade: 1, , language: English, abstract: Sweatshops are regarded to as low-wage industries, which are concerned with cloth production and flower processing and, they are found in the principal cities. These industries are usually characterized by workforce exploitation, unsafe working conditions and arbitrary discipline. In addition, sweatshops restrict their workers membership to labor unions. In regard to the United States Department of labor, sweatshops are those garment factories, which violate two or more labor laws. In general, sweatshops are widespread in the world, especially in highly industrialized countries, which require intensive labor in production. However, it is worth noting that they are also found in some developing countries. Globally, most sweatshops are found in China, Latin America and Asia. In the United States, sweatshops have been identified to be scattered in some of the largest cities such as Chicago, New York and Los Angeles. Historically, sweatshops are believed to have emerged during the Industrial Revolution, in which middlemen introduced a subcontracting system to earn profit through exploiting workers. There was a characteristic margin between the total amount of the contract and the net amount paid to workers. In this system, workers worked under unsanitary conditions for excessive hours and yet they received low wages: thus, the characteristic marginal returns were said to be ‘sweated’. Recently, the issue of sweatshops, in the U.S emerged in 1995 when labor officials discovered slave-sweatshops in Los Angeles and Honduras, in which immigrants and young girls were forced to work for excessive hours, under unsanitary conditions. Consequently, Wal-Mart, Gap and Nike clothing industries were charged for using sweatshop labor. These incidences exposed the exploitation of workers, in the sweatshops leading an unprecedented outcry from the public. Therefore, this research will give a comprehensive overview of the sweatshops issue.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Clothing workers
ISBN : UIUC:30112033962454
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the problem of sweatshops in the United States, specifically: (1) the extent and nature of sweatshops nationwide; (2) federal, state, and local efforts to regulate sweatshops; and (3) policy options that might help control the problem. GAO found that: (1) 40 of the 53 Department of Justice (DOJ) and Department of Labor (DOL) officials it interviewed believed that sweatshops were a serious problem in at least one industry in their geographical area; (2) the restaurant, apparel, and meat-processing industries had the most serious and widespread problems; (3) Hispanic and Asian ethnic groups had the largest percentages of workers in sweatshops in those three industries; (4) the officials believed that, in the past 10 years, the severity of violations in the three industries remained about the same or became worse; and (5) there were violations throughout 47 of the 50 states. GAO also found that examples of violations found in the three industries included: (1) failure to keep required records of wages, hours worked, and injuries; (2) incorrect wages, both below the minimum wage and without overtime compensation; (3) illegal work by minors; (4) fire hazards; and (5) work procedures that could cause crippling illness. In addition, GAO found factors: (1) responsible for violations included the large immigrant work force, low profit margins in labor-intensive industries, too few inspectors, and inadequate penalties; and (2) limiting enforcement efforts included limited coordination between DOL and DOJ, insufficient staff resources, and the inadequacy of penalties for wage and hour violations under present law. GAO identified three policy options to improve enforcement, including: (1) increasing the number of compliance officers and changing enforcement priorities; (2) developing closer working relationships among the enforcement agencies; and (3) amending the Fair Labor Standards Act to provide civil monetary penalties for violations.
Author : Benjamin Powell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107029903
This book explores how sweatshops provide the best opportunity to workers and the role they play in the process of development.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Clothing workers
ISBN : SRLF:D0009945668
Author : Liza Featherstone,United Students Against Sweatshops
Publisher : Verso
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2002-06-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 1859843026
This short, punchy book is both a record of a new mass campaign and a tool for the realization of its goals. The students demand one thing: that clothing bearing university logos must be produced under healthy, safe, and fair working conditions.
Author : Michael H. Belzer
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0195128869
Long hours, low wages, and unsafe workplaces characterized sweatshops a hundred years ago. These same conditions plague American trucking today. Sweatshops on Wheels: Winners and Losers in Trucking Deregulation exposes the dark side of government deregulation in America's interstate trucking industry. In the years since deregulation in 1980, median earnings have dropped 30% and most long-haul truckers earn less than half of pre-regulation wages. Work weeks average more than sixty hours. Today, America's long-haul truckers are working harder and earning less than at any time during the last four decades. Written by a former long-haul trucker who now teaches industrial relations at Wayne State University, Sweatshops on Wheels raises crucial questions about the legacy of trucking deregulation in America and casts provocative new light on the issue of government deregulation in general.
Author : Laura Hapke
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : History
ISBN : 0813534674
Arguing that the sweatshop is as American as apple pie, Laura Hapke surveys over a century and a half of the language, verbal and pictorial, in which the sweatshop has been imagined and its stories told. Not seeking a formal definition of the sort that policymakers are concerned with, nor intending to provide a strict historical chronology, this unique book shows, rather, how the "real" sweatshop has become intertwined with the "invented" sweatshop of our national imagination, and how this mixture of rhetoric and myth has endowed American sweatshops with rich and complex cultural meaning. Hapke uncovers a wide variety of tales and images that writers, artists, social scientists, reformers, and workers themselves have told about "the shop." Adding an important perspective to historical and economic approaches, Sweatshop draws on sources from antebellum journalism, Progressive era surveys, modern movies, and anti-sweatshop websites. Illustrated chapters detail how the shop has been a facilitator of assimilation, a promoter of upward mobility, the epitome of exploitation, a site of ethnic memory, a venue for political protest, and an expression of twentieth-century managerial narratives. An important contribution to the real and imagined history of garment industry exploitation, this book provides a valuable new context for understanding contemporary sweatshops that now represent the worst expression of an unregulated global economy.
Author : Theodore H. Moran
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2004-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0815798628
Images of sweatshop labor in developing countries have rallied opponents of globalization against foreign direct investment (FDI). The controversy is most acute over the treatment of low-skilled workers producing garments, footwear, toys, and sports equipment in foreign-owned plants or the plants of subcontractors. Activists cite low wages, poor working conditions, and a variety of economic, physical, and sexual abuses among the negative consequences of the globalization of industry. In Beyond Sweatshops, Theodore Moran examines the impact of FDI in manufacturing on growth and welfare in developing countries, and explores how host governments can take advantage of the contributions of foreign investment while avoiding the hazards to lower-skilled workers. He traces case studies of countries that have managed to produce steady improvement in worker treatment at plants exporting garments, footwear, and other labor-intensive products. The first part of the book examines multilateral proposals designed to place a floor under the treatment of workers around the world, contrasting a WTO-based system to enforce labor standards with "voluntary" arrangements, including corporate codes of conduct, certification organizations, and "sweatshop free" labeling. It explores the pros and cons of adding a "living wage" requirement to the ILO's core labor standards. The second part of the book presents data that significantly broadens our understanding of FDI. By analyzing the evidence from a variety of developing countries—in Asia, Latin America, and Africa—Moran demonstrates that most FDI goes to industrial sectors that employ trained workers who are not easily exploited. The flow of FDI to plants that produce electronics, auto parts, industrial equipment, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and medical equipment, paying production workers two to five times more than what is found in lower-skilled operations, is twenty-five times the flow to garment, textile, and footwea
Author : Virginia Lynn Sudbury
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781475953787
When nine Vietnamese women arrived at Virginia Lynn Sudburys small law office in Pago Pago, on the island of Tutuila in the territory of American Samoa, she wasnt certain she would take the case. The women, workers at the Daewoosa garment factory, were trying to get the company to pay them their promised wages. She decided to take the case, howevernot knowing that it would take years to resolve. Sweatshops in Paradise tells the first-person account of the notorious garment factory/sweatshop class-action lawsuit Nga v. Daewoosa, which took place in the territory of American Samoa from 1999 until 2001. This precedent-setting case drew international attention to the issues surrounding involuntary servitude and trafficking in human beings in far-flung US territories. Written by Sudbury, who acted as the lead plaintiff attorney, Sweatshops in Paradise narrates the story of some three hundred Vietnamese and Chinese workers who were brought to American Samoa to work in the Daewoosa garment factory. There, they encountered civil injustices, rampant abuse, and imprisonment at the hands of the Korean factory owner and the local government. Chronicled in a frank, disarming, and at times humorous manner, Sweatshops in Paradise draws upon hearing transcripts, newspaper articles, and narratives from the largest lawsuit of American Samoas history. It provides a poignant accounting of the fears of the workers and the abuses they endured, the impunity of the factory owner, and the incomprehensible neglect of the evolving and tragic situation by the American Samoa government.
Author : Robert J. S. Ross
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2004-10-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105133583422
DIVA provocative and accessible history and study of the sweatshop and a major contribution to the debate over its rebirth /div
Author : Miriam Ching Yoon Louie
Publisher : South End Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0896086380
In this up-close and personal look at the heroines who make family, community, and society tick, Miriam Ching Yoon Louie showcases immigrant women workers speaking out for themselves, in their own words. While public outrage over sweatshops builds in intensity, this book shows us who these workers really are and how they are leading campaigns to fight for their rights. In-depth, accessible analyses of the immigration, labor, and trade policies, which together have forced these women into the most dangerous, poorly paid jobs, dovetail with vivid portraits of the women themselves. Louie, a longtime writer/activist and well-known figure in feminist, immigrant, and labor circles, is uniquely poised to make her case: that the labor of immigrant women worker-activists not only sustains families and communities, but the vibrant social activism that undergirds democracy itself. With chapters on successful campaigns against Levi-Strauss, Donna Karan, and restaurants in Los Angeles; Koreatown, among others. Miriam Ching Yoon Louie is a longtime writer/activist in campaigns to organize women of color. She is national campaign media director of Fuerza Unida, a board member of the Women of Color Resource Center, and former media director of Asian Immigrant Women Advocates. Her essays and articles on immigrant women and labor issues have been widely anthologized, including in the 1997 collection Dragon Ladies: Asian American Feminists Breathe Fire (South End Press) and she speaks at public events internationally. She is the co-author, with Linda Burnham, of Women's Education in the Global Economy (Women of Color Resource Center, 2000).
Author : Dana Thomas
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2019-09-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780735224025
*NYTBR Paperback Row Selection * The Independent's Best Fashion Book on Sustainability* An investigation into the damage wrought by the colossal clothing industry and the grassroots, high-tech, international movement fighting to reform it What should I wear? It’s one of the fundamental questions we ask ourselves every day. More than ever, we are told it should be something new. Today, the clothing industry churns out 80 billion garments a year and employs every sixth person on Earth. Historically, the apparel trade has exploited labor, the environment, and intellectual property—and in the last three decades, with the simultaneous unfurling of fast fashion, globalization, and the tech revolution, those abuses have multiplied exponentially, primarily out of view. We are in dire need of an entirely new human-scale model. Bestselling journalist Dana Thomas has traveled the globe to discover the visionary designers and companies who are propelling the industry toward that more positive future by reclaiming traditional craft and launching cutting-edge sustainable technologies to produce better fashion. In Fashionopolis, Thomas sees renewal in a host of developments, including printing 3-D clothes, clean denim processing, smart manufacturing, hyperlocalism, fabric recycling—even lab-grown materials. From small-town makers and Silicon Valley whizzes to such household names as Stella McCartney, Levi’s, and Rent the Runway, Thomas highlights the companies big and small that are leading the crusade. We all have been casual about our clothes. It's time to get dressed with intention. Fashionopolis is the first comprehensive look at how to start.
Author : Leon Fink
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807877807
As the main artery of international commerce, merchant shipping was the world's first globalized industry, often serving as a vanguard for issues touching on labor recruiting, the employment relationship, and regulatory enforcement that crossed national borders. In Sweatshops at Sea, historian Leon Fink examines the evolution of laws and labor relations governing ordinary seamen over the past two centuries. The merchant marine offers an ideal setting for examining the changing regulatory regimes applied to workers by the United States, Great Britain, and, ultimately, an organized world community. Fink explores both how political and economic ends are reflected in maritime labor regulations and how agents of reform--including governments, trade unions, and global standard-setting authorities--grappled with the problems of applying land-based, national principles and regulations of labor discipline and management to the sea-going labor force. With the rise of powerful nation-states in a global marketplace in the nineteenth century, recruitment and regulation of a mercantile labor force emerged as a high priority and as a vexing problem for Western powers. The history of exploitation, reform, and the evolving international governance of sea labor offers a compelling precedent in an age of more universal globalization of production and services.