The Attentive Brain

Author : Raja Parasuraman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Attention
ISBN : 0262661128

Get Book

The Attentive Brain by Raja Parasuraman Pdf

Of the myriad tasks that the brain has to perform, perhaps none is as crucial to the performance of other tasks as attention. A central thesis of this book on the cognitive neuroscience of attention is that attention is not a single entity, but a finite set of brain processes that interact mutually and with other brain processes in the performance of perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills.After an introductory part I, the book consists of three parts. Part II, Methods, describes the major neuroscience methods, including techniques used only with animals (anatomical tract tracing, single-unit electrophysiology, neurochemical manipulations), noninvasive human brain-imaging techniques (ERPs, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging), and studies with brain-damaged individuals. This part also includes a chapter on the computational modeling of attention. Part III, Varieties of Attention, looks at three major components of attention from the cognitive neuroscience perspective: selection, vigilance, and control. It also discusses links to memory and language. Finally, part IV, Development and Pathologies, discusses the application of findings from the previous sections to the analysis of normal and abnormal development and to pathologies of attention such as schizophrenia and attention deficit disorders. Contributors Edward Awh, Gordon C. Baylis, Jochen Braun, Dennis Cantwell, Vincent P. Clark, Maurizio Corbetta, Susan M. Courtney, Francis Crinella, Matthew C. Davidson, Gregory J. DiGirolamo, Jon Driver, Jane Emerson, Pauline Filipek, Ira Fischler, Massimo Girelli, Pamela M. Greenwood, James V. Haxby, Mark H. Johnson, John Jonides, Julian S. Joseph, Robert T. Knight, Christof Koch, Steven J. Luck, Richard T. Marrocco, Brad C. Motter, Ken Nakayama, Orhan Nalcioglu, Paul G. Nestor, Ernst Niebur, Brian F. O'Donnell, Raja Parasuraman, Michael I. Posner, Robert D. Rafal, Trevor W. Robbins, Lynn C. Robertson, Judi E. See, James Swanson, Diane Swick, Don Tucker, Leslie G. Ungerleider, Joel S. Warm, Maree J. Webster, Sharon Wigal

Author : Jacques M. Chevalier
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2002-10-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780773570177

Get Book

Corpus and the Cortex by Jacques M. Chevalier Pdf

Chevalier shows how the attentions and inhibitions of affect and norm are best understood at the crossroads of several disciplines, including neuropsychology, semiotics, and philosophy. He delves into these linkages, with an emphasis on the reciprocal concessions between the pleasure principle and the teachings of normative language (moral, rational). These mutual allowances of sentiment and judgment go far beyond cognitive models of the mind. They also bridge the Freudian and Kantian gap between self-enjoyment and morality. Far from being constantly in struggle, The Corpus and the Cortex shows that norms and infractions are the warps and wefts of a single "neurosemiotic" fabric. Symbolic analyses illustrating these intriguing manifestations of brain, language, and culture range from personal anecdotes to cultural identity rhetoric, animal farm imagery, shoe fetishism, and body piercing. The 3-D Mind 2 presents these analyses against the background of theories and debates concerning concepts of identity construction, metaphor, rhetoric, simulation, consciousness, morality, and eroticism.

Author : Jochen Braun,Christof Koch,Joel L. Davis
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0262024934

Get Book

Visual Attention and Cortical Circuits by Jochen Braun,Christof Koch,Joel L. Davis Pdf

An attempt to derive a comprehensive theory of attention from both neurobiological and psychological data.

Author : Amir Raz,Sheida Rabipour
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780192506818

Get Book

How (not) to train the brain by Amir Raz,Sheida Rabipour Pdf

Brain training is all the rage. Commercial and clinical initiatives capitalize on trailblazing interdisciplinary research that spans domains such as education, psychological and brain science, cognitive remediation, and mental health. Promotional materials boast that we can learn to think and respond faster, focus better, and control our emotions; companies and authors market techniques to boost memory, increase confidence, and overcome cognitive impairments. 'How (not) to Train the Brain' examines the field of cognitive fitness and scrutinizes the scientific evidence in support of brain training techniques. With the potential to affect millions this topic is important for scientists, practitioners, educators, and the general public. While many a consumer often marvels at this highly commercialized field, discerning fact from fad becomes a challenge given the abundance of products, publications, and contexts. Moreover, available products prey on the naivety of individuals unfamiliar with the nuanced field of neuroscience, advertising programs that lack scientific validation or presenting unfounded arguments. In this book, the authors review data from hundreds of articles and provide an overarching account of the field, separating scientific evidence from publicity myth and guiding readers through how they should - and should not - train the brain. They describe existing techniques, including those rooted in scientific research, and survey methods that purport to yield measurable improvements. Intended for a wide audience, this book taps a timely topic by highlighting the most salient approaches to boosting brain function while identifying those that don't seem to work.

Author : Michel Leclercq,Peter Zimmermann
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2004-08-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781135431785

Get Book

Applied Neuropsychology of Attention by Michel Leclercq,Peter Zimmermann Pdf

This collection of essays forms a comprehensive overview of this crucial component of human cognitive function.

Author : Paolo Bartolomeo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447156499

Get Book

Attention Disorders After Right Brain Damage by Paolo Bartolomeo Pdf

This book provides an overview of attentional impairments in brain-damaged patients from both clinical and neuroscientific perspectives, and aims to offer a comprehensive, succinct treatment of these topics useful to both clinicians and scholars. A main focus of the book concerns left visual neglect, a dramatic but often overlooked consequence of right hemisphere damage, usually of vascular origin, but also resulting from other causes such as neurodegenerative conditions. The study of neglect offers a key to understand the brain’s functioning at the level of large-scale networks, and not only based on discrete anatomical structures. Patients are often unaware of their deficits (anosognosia), and often obstinately deny being hemiplegic. Diagnosis is important because neglect predicts poor functional outcome in stroke. Moreover, effective rehabilitation strategies are available, and there are promising possibilities for pharmacological treatments. Attention Disorders After Right Brain Damage is aimed at clinical neurologists, medics in physical medicine and rehabilitation, clinical psychologists and neuropsychologists. It will also be useful for graduate students and medical students who wish to understand the topic of attention systems and improve their knowledge of the neurocognitive mechanisms of attentional deficits. In addition, clinical researchers in neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience will find in this book an up to date overview of current research dealing with the attention systems of the human brain.

Author : Roberto Cabeza,Lars Nyberg,Denise C. Park
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199372935

Get Book

Cognitive Neuroscience of Aging by Roberto Cabeza,Lars Nyberg,Denise C. Park Pdf

A rapidly growing body of research has consituted a new discipline that may be called cognitive neuroscience of aging. This book offers an introduction to the topic, useful to both professionals & students in cognitive neuroscience, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, neuropsychology & neurology.

Author : G. Berlucchi,G. S. Brindley,B. Brooks,O. D. Creutzfeldt,E. Dodt,R. W. Doty,H.-J. Freund,C. G. Gross,D. A. Jeffreys,R. Jung,U. Kuhnt,D. M. MacKay,E. Marg,N. Negrão,G. Rizzolatti,J. M. Sprague,G. Székely,J. Szentágothai,D. Whitteridge
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 758 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642654954

Get Book

Visual Centers in the Brain by G. Berlucchi,G. S. Brindley,B. Brooks,O. D. Creutzfeldt,E. Dodt,R. W. Doty,H.-J. Freund,C. G. Gross,D. A. Jeffreys,R. Jung,U. Kuhnt,D. M. MacKay,E. Marg,N. Negrão,G. Rizzolatti,J. M. Sprague,G. Székely,J. Szentágothai,D. Whitteridge Pdf

Author : Sarah E. Hampson
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317797746

Get Book

Advances in Personality Psychology by Sarah E. Hampson Pdf

In the first volume of this new series, Sarah E. Hampson brings together a unique collection of critical reviews of key areas of personality psychology and integrative accounts of important work by internationally recognised experts in the field. Advances in Personality Psychology includes chapters on cross-cultural evidence for the Big-Five framework for personality description, type and trait approaches to understanding childhood personality, developments in psychometrics, the relationship between hostility and cardiovascular disease, and the connections between personality and emotions. In further chapters the view that personality cannot change in adulthood is challenged and the importance of environmental factors is revealed by an observational study of twins. This state-of-the-art volume will provide students, teachers and researchers of contemporary personality psychology with a highly valuable resource on recent developments in this area.

Author : Giuseppe Di Giovanni,Ennio Esposito,Vincenzo Di Matteo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010-11-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781607619413

Get Book

5-HT2C Receptors in the Pathophysiology of CNS Disease by Giuseppe Di Giovanni,Ennio Esposito,Vincenzo Di Matteo Pdf

Part of Springer’s “The Receptors,” series, this text is the first ever overview on the research of 5-HT2c receptors. 5-HT2c receptor research has been productive for twenty-five years, but recent years have seen an extraordinary increase in both amount produced and insight gained. 5-HT2c is a prominent central serotonin receptor subtype widely expressed within the central and the peripheral nervous system and is thought to play a key role in the regulation of numerous behaviors. This text covers the molecular, cellular, anatomical, biochemical and behavioral aspects of this receptor, highlighting its distinctive regulatory properties and the emerging functional significance of constitutive activity and RNA-editing in vivo. It also investigates the receptors’ therapeutic potential in many diseases, treated individually in separate chapters, including depression, drug abuse, schizophrenia, eating disorders, Parkinson’s disease, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy.

Author : Jacques Mehler
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262041979

Get Book

Language, Brain, and Cognitive Development by Jacques Mehler Pdf

The contributions to this collection assess the progress of cognitive science. The questions addressed include: What have we learned or not learned about language, brain, and cognition? Where are we now? Where have we failed? Where have we succeeded?

Author : Carryl L. Baldwin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781466553545

Get Book

Auditory Cognition and Human Performance by Carryl L. Baldwin Pdf

Hearing and understanding sound- auditory processing- greatly enriches everyday life and enhances our ability to perform many tasks essential to survival. The complex soundscape in which we live influences where we direct our attention, how we communicate with each other, and how we interact with technological systems. Auditory Cognition and Human

Author : Bernhard Sendhoff,Edgar Körner,Olaf Sporns,Helge Ritter,Kenji Doya
Publisher : Springer
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-03-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642006166

Get Book

Creating Brain-Like Intelligence by Bernhard Sendhoff,Edgar Körner,Olaf Sporns,Helge Ritter,Kenji Doya Pdf

TheInternationalSymposiumCreatingBrain-LikeIntelligencewasheldinFeb- ary 2007 in Germany. The symposium brought together notable scientists from di?erent backgrounds and with di?erent expertise related to the emerging ?eld of brain-like intelligence. Our understanding of the principles behind brain-like intelligence is still limited. After all, we have had to acknowledge that after tremendous advances in areas like neural networks, computational and arti?cial intelligence (a ?eld that had just celebrated its 50 year anniversary) and fuzzy systems, we are still not able to mimic even the lower-level sensory capabilities of humans or animals. We asked what the biggest obstacles are and how we could gain ground toward a scienti?c understanding of the autonomy, ?exibility, and robustness of intelligent biological systems as they strive to survive. New principles are usually found at the interfaces between existing disciplines, and traditional boundaries between disciplines have to be broken down to see how complex systems become simple and how the puzzle can be assembled. During the symposium we could identify some recurring themes that p- vaded many of the talks and discussions. The triad of structure, dynamics and environment,theroleoftheenvironmentasanactivepartnerinshapingsystems, adaptivity on all scales (learning, development, evolution) and the amalga- tion of an internal and external world in brain-like intelligence rate high among them. Each of us is rooted in a certain community which we have to serve with the results of our research. Looking beyond our ?elds and working at the interfaces between established areas of research requires e?ort and an active process.

Author : Stephen Grossberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 771 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780190070557

Get Book

Conscious Mind, Resonant Brain by Stephen Grossberg Pdf

How does your mind work? How does your brain give rise to your mind? These are questions that all of us have wondered about at some point in our lives, if only because everything that we know is experienced in our minds. They are also very hard questions to answer. After all, how can a mind understand itself? How can you understand something as complex as the tool that is being used to understand it? This book provides an introductory and self-contained description of some of the exciting answers to these questions that modern theories of mind and brain have recently proposed. Stephen Grossberg is broadly acknowledged to be the most important pioneer and current research leader who has, for the past 50 years, modelled how brains give rise to minds, notably how neural circuits in multiple brain regions interact together to generate psychological functions. This research has led to a unified understanding of how, where, and why our brains can consciously see, hear, feel, and know about the world, and effectively plan and act within it. The work embodies revolutionary Principia of Mind that clarify how autonomous adaptive intelligence is achieved. It provides mechanistic explanations of multiple mental disorders, including symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, autism, amnesia, and sleep disorders; biological bases of morality and religion, including why our brains are biased towards the good so that values are not purely relative; perplexing aspects of the human condition, including why many decisions are irrational and self-defeating despite evolution's selection of adaptive behaviors; and solutions to large-scale problems in machine learning, technology, and Artificial Intelligence that provide a blueprint for autonomously intelligent algorithms and robots. Because brains embody a universal developmental code, unifying insights also emerge about shared laws that are found in all living cellular tissues, from the most primitive to the most advanced, notably how the laws governing networks of interacting cells support developmental and learning processes in all species. The fundamental brain design principles of complementarity, uncertainty, and resonance that Grossberg has discovered also reflect laws of the physical world with which our brains ceaselessly interact, and which enable our brains to incrementally learn to understand those laws, thereby enabling humans to understand the world scientifically. Accessibly written, and lavishly illustrated, Conscious Mind/Resonant Brain is the magnum opus of one of the most influential scientists of the past 50 years, and will appeal to a broad readership across the sciences and humanities.

Author : Sebastian Watzl
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199658428

Get Book

Structuring Mind by Sebastian Watzl Pdf

What is attention? How does attention shape consciousness? In an approach that engages with foundational topics in the philosophy of mind, the theory of action, psychology, and the neurosciences this book provides a unified and comprehensive answer to both questions. Sebastian Watzl shows that attention is a central structural feature of the mind. The first half of the book provides an account of the nature of attention. Attention is prioritizing, it consists in regulating priority structures. Attention is not another element of the mind, but constituted by structures that organize, integrate, and coordinate the parts of our mind. Attention thus integrates the perceptual and intellectual, the cognitive and motivational, and the epistemic and practical. The second half of the book concerns the relationship between attention and consciousness. Watzl argues that attentional structure shapes consciousness into what is central and what is peripheral. The center-periphery structure of consciousness cannot be reduced to the structure of how the world appears to the subject. What it is like for us thus goes beyond the way the world appears to us. On this basis, a new view of consciousness is offered. In each conscious experience we actively take a stance on the world we appear to encounter. It is in this sense that our conscious experience is our subjective perspective.