The Chemistry Of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Author : C. Fest,K.-J. Schmidt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642684418

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The Chemistry of Organophosphorus Pesticides by C. Fest,K.-J. Schmidt Pdf

Rapid progress in the field of organophosphate compounds has made this new edition necessary. Particular attention has been paid to new developments in biologically active products as this is probably of greatest interest to practical chemists. I have therefore updated the chapter on chemistry and, in connection with this, rewritten the chapter on metabolism. I should especially like to thank Professor Dr. HELLMUT HOFFMANN for his constant encouragement and interest in my work and for many fruitful discus sions. The co-author to the 1st edition, Dr. KARL-JULIUS SCHMIDT, died suddenly on November 21, 1980. I treasure the memory of a valued colleague of many years standing. Elberfeld, January 1982 CHRISTA FEST VII Preface to the First Edition Our intention has been to provide a short introduction to the chemistry and mode of action of insecticidal phosphoric acid compounds, with particular ref erence to the relationship between structure and activity. The yearly produc tion of these pesticides is now approaching 100,000 tons and thus offers an im portant example of applied research. If, however, one examines the historical development of these compounds, it is apparent that this was preceded by a hundred years of pure chemistry of phosphorus.

Author : Christa Fest,Karl-Julius Schmidt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Insecticides
ISBN : 0387058583

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The Chemistry of Organophosphorus Pesticides by Christa Fest,Karl-Julius Schmidt Pdf

Author : Morifusa Etō
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015016065628

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Organophosphorus Pesticides by Morifusa Etō Pdf

Nomenclature. Phosphates. Phosphorothionates. Phosphorothilothionates. Phosphorothiolates. Derivates of phosphoramidic acid. Phosphonates. Hydrolysis. Chemical reactions. Biochemistry. Individual Pesticides.

Author : Morifusa Eto
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351092203

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Organophosphorus Pesticides by Morifusa Eto Pdf

In order to get a general concept of organophosphorus pesticides with such a variety in structure and biological activities, consideration of each aspect of chemistry, biochemistry, and the applied sciences is necessary. This book consists of these three main parts. After the presentation of the background of phosphorus chemistry in Chapter 1, stress was put on the chemical and biochemical reactions of organophosphorus pesticides, including synthesis, analysis, metabolism mode of action, and other interesting aspects in Chapter 2 to 4, and on the structure-pesticidal activity relationship in Chapter 5.

Author : Janice E. Chambers,Patricia E. Levi
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080917269

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Organophosphates Chemistry, Fate, and Effects by Janice E. Chambers,Patricia E. Levi Pdf

This volume pulls together a wealth of up-to-date information on the toxicology of this diverse and ubiquitous class of insecticides. Leading experts review the reactivity of organophosphorus compounds with cholinesterase, as well as their metabolism and biological effects on humans and other nontarget organisms. The book not only covers the anticholinesterase actions of organophosphates, but also other, presumably independent, effects, such as teratogenicity, delayed neuropathy, immunotoxicity, and behavioral toxicity. Offers crucial overviews of chemical and biochemical reactivity and biological responsiveness of mainly nontarget organisms Reviews new developments in assessment of metabolism and disposition of organophosphorus compounds Examines organophosphorus compound-induced toxicity mediated by mechanisms other than inhibition of acetylcholinesterase Covers new research on differences in toxicity induced by the variety of organophosphorus Analyzes current controversies on the relevance of certain biochemical parameters in actual organophosphate toxicity in vivo

Author : Kenneth Arnold Hassall
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : MINN:31951000463069Y

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The Chemistry of Pesticides by Kenneth Arnold Hassall Pdf

Naslagwerk voor studenten en wetenschappers

Author : Dileep K. Singh
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781608051373

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Pesticide Chemistry and Toxicology by Dileep K. Singh Pdf

Pesticide control involves killing pest organisms or otherwise preventing them from destructive behavior. Pesticides are either natural or synthetic and are applied to target pests in a myriad of formulations (EC,WP, SP, FP, G etc.) and application technology systems (sprays, baits, slow-release diffusion, dust, etc.). In recent years, the bacterial genes coding for insecticidal proteins have been incorporated into various crops that dealt with the mortality of the pests feeding on them. Many other eco-friendly methods for insect pest control such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), use of bio-pesticides etc., are becoming popular. Bio-pesticides and IPM should show good growth in the future, as there is growing concern for the eco-friendly organic agriculture and could be achieved through Good Agriculture Practices (GAP). Use of pesticides requires a proper understanding of the chemistry, their handling and their use in crop protection or hygiene. These are toxic chemicals and require a good understanding of therapy and antidotes at the time of poisoning. This e-book covers pesticide chemistry, metabolic/degradation pathways, biochemical toxicology, therapy and antidotes, nano-pesticides and terminologies associated with pesticide toxicology. the book should serve as a text book for academia, or as a reference work for agriculturists, environmentalists and industry professionals.

Author : Deacon Palmer
Publisher : States Academic Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1639897372

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The Chemistry of Organophosphorus Compounds by Deacon Palmer Pdf

Organophosphorus compounds are derivatives of phosphoric, phosphinic or phosphonic acid in which the oxygen atoms directly bind with the phosphorus atom and can be replaced by the atoms of nitrogen or sulfur. They are primarily used as pesticides and insecticides, and serve as a substitute to chlorinated hydrocarbons persisting in the environment. Despite their extensive uses, certain organophosphorus compounds are toxic for human beings. These compounds are abundant in nature and due to their inherent chemical properties, play a vital role in various sectors. Asymmetry, multivalency, variable oxidation states and metal-binding properties are a few of the notable characteristics that enhance their identification as a distinct and adaptable family of chemicals. There has been rapid progress in organophosphorus chemistry and its applications are finding their way across multiple industries. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of organophosphorus chemistry and the recent researches in this field. It also aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in this area of chemistry.

Author : Chris Timperley
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 786 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080982243

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Best Synthetic Methods by Chris Timperley Pdf

Best Synthetic Methods: Organophosphorus (V) Chemistry provides systematic coverage of the most common classes of pentavalent organophosphorus compounds and reagents (including phosphonyl, phosphoryl, and organophosphates), and allows researchers an easy point of entry into this complex and economically important field. The book follows the Best Synthetic Methods format, containing practical methods, synthetic tips, and shortcuts. Where relevant, articles include toxicity data and historical context for the reactions. Typical analytical and spectroscopic data are also presented to enable scientists to identify key compound characteristics. The book is a valuable companion to research chemists in both academia and industry, summarizing the best practical methods (often originating in difficult-to-access, foreign-language primary literature) in one place. It is ideally suited for those working on industrial applications of these compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, flame retardants, and plasticizers. Includes a mixture of tried and tested, historical methods that are proven to work, alongside new methods to provide scientists with a quick, time-saving resource of reliable methods Includes tips and tricks to get reactions to work; important information often missing from other sources Includes key analytical data for compounds, so scientists have one handy resource to select, perform, and analyze the best reaction

Author : Ramesh C. Gupta
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 768 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2011-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080543103

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Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate Compounds by Ramesh C. Gupta Pdf

This text/reference book provides the most comprehensive coverage of anticholinesterase compounds (Organophosphates and Carbamates), which constitute the largest number of chemicals that are primarily used as insecticides in agriculture, industry, and around the home/garden. Some OPs (nerve agents) have been used in chemical warfare and terrorist attacks, while some OPs and CMs have been recommended as therapeutic agents in human medicine as well as in veterinary medicine. Many chemicals of both classes are extremely toxic and lack selectivity, thus their inadvertent/accidental use continues to pose a threat to human and animal health, aquatic systems and wildlife. These anticholinesterase agents produce a variety of toxicological effects in target and nontarget organs. In light of this complexicity, this multi-authored book is written by the well known scientists from many countries. The book is organized into nine sections, with a total of 49 chapters, to provide in-depth knowledge on various aspects of OP and CM compounds, including their use, classification, mechanism-based toxicity, and prophylactic and therapeutic measurements. Several chapters are written with special emphasis to cover timely topics, such as chemical warfare agents, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling, structure and function of cholinesterases, paraoxonase, carboxylesterases; developmental neurotoxicity, the intermediate syndrome, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and DNA damage/gene expression and carcinogenesis. Section-VI with 5 chapters is specifically devoted to risk assessment, and safety and regulatory guidelines for pesticides. Describes everything you need to know about Organophosphates and Carbamates Extensively covers pesticides, nerve agents, therapeutic drugs, and flame retardants Describes epidemiology of the world's major disasters involving Organophosphates and Carbamates Covers animal, human, aquatic, and wildlife toxicity of Anticholinesterases Insights into in-depth cholinergic and noncholinergic mechanisms of toxicity Describes recent advancements in cholinesterases, paraoxonases, carboxylesterases, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, cardiac and pulmonary toxicity, and carcinogenesis Provides in vitro and in vivo models for neurotoxicity testing Integrates knowledge of studies in lab animals and humans Offers risk/safety assessment and national/international guidelines for permissible levels of pesticide residues Describes management of Anticholinesterase poisoning in humans

Author : Neil Wilkinson
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Organophosphorus compounds
ISBN : 1634854500

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Organophosphorus Pesticides by Neil Wilkinson Pdf

At present, organophosphorus compounds (OP) are considered some of the most toxic substances synthesised by man. These compounds are widely used in agriculture, residential gardening and in pest control programs, as well as in veterinary practices of the modern world. The primary toxicity of organophosphates is associated with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in the central and peripheral nervous system, resulting in acetylcholine accumulation and consequently disrupted neurotransmission. In this book, Chapter One provides an overview of recent studies regarding toxic effects of organophosphates, the methods of their removal, and detoxification in live organisms. Chapter Two summarizes the results of monitoring agricultural products for the presence of organophosphorus pesticides, putting a special emphasis on potential ways for reduction of their levels. The final chapter focuses specifically on the structural features, applications, toxicity mechanisms and effects of exposure on human health of fenitrothion, a non-systemic organophosphorous insecticide.

Author : George W. Ware
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2002-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387954465

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 175 by George W. Ware Pdf

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology publishes authoritative reviews on the occurrence, effects, and fate of pesticide residues and other environmental contaminants. It will keep you informed of the latest significant issues by providing in-depth information in the areas of analytical chemistry, agricultural microbiology, biochemistry, human and veterinary medicine, toxicology, and food technology.

Author : Jørgen Stenersen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2004-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0203646835

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Chemical Pesticides Mode of Action and Toxicology by Jørgen Stenersen Pdf

Environmental-friendliness, issues of public health, and the pros and cons of genetically-modified crops all receive regular coverage in the world's media. This, in turn, has led to increased questioning and investigation of chemical pesticides. Stenersen's concise and timely introduction to chemical pesticides describes these compounds according to their mode of action at the cellular and biochemical level. Chemical Pesticides provides answers to questions such as why pesticides are toxic to the target organism and why pesticides are toxic to some organisms and not others. It describes how various poisons interfere with biochemical processes in organisms. The book also explores how resistance to pesticides develops, how resistance can be used to illustrate the theory of evolution, and how it can be used to produce herbicide-resistant crop plants. Legal matters and potential environmental problems are also discussed. By providing an integrated, yet simple description of modern chemical pesticides, the author provides a relevant text for professionals and students in biological disciplines such as biochemistry, medicine, agriculture, and veterinary science.

Author : Anuj Ranjan,Tanu Jindal
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030791285

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Toxicology of Organophosphate Poisoning by Anuj Ranjan,Tanu Jindal Pdf

This book addresses the consequences of high agricultural pesticide use over the last few decades in the form of organophosphate poisoning. The authors provide a background overview of organophosphate compounds, their environmental toxicity, non-target exposures and cases of human poisoning. The authors also compile and analyze data from the last two decades to demonstrate the toxicological aspects of organophosphates, and how they can pose a threat to human health. Readers will learn about the clinical manifestation of organophosphate exposure in humans, as well as the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms by which organophosphates are processed in the body and cause harm. The book concludes by providing techniques, practices and recommendations for how to manage organophosphate exposure and poisoning. It will be useful for clinicians and public health professionals, scientists, medical practitioners, researchers and environmental toxicologists.

Author : N. N. Melnikov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781468462517

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Chemistry of Pesticides by N. N. Melnikov Pdf

This book was originally published as a Russian edition in mid-1968. It represented the first single-volume discussion of chemical pest control and of the detailed chemistry.of all modern pesticide chemicals since D. E. H. Frear's classical book on this same subject, first published in 1942 (van No strand) with the latest (third) edition in 1955. Since 1955 many new pesti cide chemicals have achieved commercial status, and many of the older ones have been supplanted. There is no up-to-date equivalent of this present volume in the world literature, with the exception of the encyclopedic and largely biologically oriented two-volume work "Chemie der Pflanzenschutz und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel" (R. Wegler, ed.) published by Springer Verlag in 1970. Professor Melnikov has updated the 1968 Russian edition, with emphasis on the primary Russian sources yet with excellent world wide coverage of the latest chemicals to approach field stature in modern chemical pest control, for the present translation."