The Cosmology Of Extra Dimensions And Varying Fundamental Constants

Author : Carlos Martins
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401732727

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The Cosmology of Extra Dimensions and Varying Fundamental Constants by Carlos Martins Pdf

The workshop on The Cosmology of Extra Dimensions and Varying Fundamental Constants, which was part of JENAM 2002, was held at the Physics Department of the University of Porto (FCUP) from the 3rd to the 5th of September 2002. It was regularly attended by about 110 participants, of which 65 were officially registered in the VFC workshop, while the others came from the rest of the JENAM workshops. There were also a few science correspondents from the national and international press. During the 3 days of the scientific programme, 8 Invited Reviews and 30 Oral Communications were presented. The speakers came from 11 different European countries, and also from Argentina, Australia, Canada, Japan and the U.S.A. There were also speakers from six Portuguese research institutions, and nine of the speak ers were Ph.D. students. The contributions are presented in these proceedings in chronological order. The workshop brought together string theorists, particle physicists, theoretical and observational cosmologists, relativists and observational astrophysicists. It was generally agreed that this inter-disciplinarity was the greatest strength of the work shop, since it provided people coming into this very recent topic from the various different backgrounds with an opportunity to understand each other's language and thereby gain a more solid understanding of the overall picture.

Author : C J A P Martins
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:82595430

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The Cosmology of Extra Dimensions and Varying Fundamental Constants by C J A P Martins Pdf

Author : C. J. A. P. Martins
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:249079103

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The Cosmology of Extra Dimensions and Varying Fundamental Constants by C. J. A. P. Martins Pdf

Author : Kirill A Bronnikov,Sergey G Rubin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811233463

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Black Holes, Cosmology And Extra Dimensions (Second Edition) by Kirill A Bronnikov,Sergey G Rubin Pdf

Assuming basic knowledge of special and general relativity, this book guides the reader to problems under consideration in modern research, concerning black holes, wormholes, cosmology, and extra dimensions. Its first part is devoted to local strong field configurations (black holes and wormholes) in general relativity and its most relevant extensions: scalar-tensor, f(R), and multidimensional theories. The second part discusses cosmology, including inflation and problems of a unified description of the whole evolution of the universe. The third part concerns multidimensional theories of gravity and contains a number of original results obtained by the authors. Expository work is conducted for a mechanism of symmetries and fundamental constants formation. The original approach to nonlinear multidimensional gravity that is able to construct a unique perspective describing different phenomena is highlighted.Much of the content was previously presented only in journal publications and is new for book contents, e.g., on regular black holes, various scalar field solutions, wormholes and their stability, inflation, clusters of primordial black holes, and multidimensional gravity. The last two topics are added in this new edition of the book. The other chapters are also updated to include new discoveries like the detection of gravitational waves.

Author : F. Bakalian
Publisher : The VLS Research Foundation
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2024-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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A new standard model of cosmology: Time-varying fundamental constants and the evolution of the universe by F. Bakalian Pdf

A new theoretical framework is presented to explain the evolution of the universe based on the time-varying properties of the fundamental constants. A static universe with time-varying constants can explain the origin of the cosmic microwave background radiation, CMB anisotropies, the CMB cold spot, the observed redshift-distance modulus data, the origin and composition of dark matter in the universe, galaxy cluster mass estimates, Milky Way galaxy luminosity estimates, population II stellar properties, vacuum-photon interactions, energy cycling between matter, radiation and vacuum field components, time-varying Higgs mechanism and particle mass, and the observed matter-antimatter dichotomy. This is a complete theoretical framework that explains the observable universe and resolves many of the issues with modern-day cosmology.

Author : Paul S Wesson
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813106963

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Space-Time-Matter by Paul S Wesson Pdf

Albert Einstein, together with Theodor Kaluza and Oskar Klein, realized that extra dimensions can be used to unify the different fields of physics, as well as unifying the fields with their material sources. In fact, it was Einstein's dream to transpose the “base wood” of the matter term in his field equations to the “marble” of the geometrical term. During his lifetime, this kind of unified theory achieved only partial success. But the modern approach, outlined in this bestseller, is elegant and agrees with all the classical tests. The basic idea is to unify the source and its field using the rich algebra of higher-dimensional Riemannian geometry. In other words, space, time and matter become parts of geometry.

Author : John D. Barrow
Publisher : Random House
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2010-07-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781407072715

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The Constants Of Nature by John D. Barrow Pdf

The constants of nature are the numbers that define the essence of the Universe. They tell us how strong its forces are, and what its fundamental laws can do: the strength of gravity, of magnetism, the speed of light, and the masses of the smallest particles of matter. They encode the deepest secrets of the Universe and express at once our greatest knowledge and our greatest ignorance about the cosmos. Their existence has taught us the profound truth that Nature abounds with unseen regularities. Yet, while we have become skilled at measuring the values of these constants, our frustrating inability to explain or predict their values shows how much we still have to learn about the inner workings of the Universe. What is the ultimate status of these constants of Nature? Are they truly constant? Could life have evolved and persisted if they were even slightly different? And are there other Universes where they are different? These are some of the issues that this book grapples with. It looks back to the discoveries of the first constants of Nature and the impact they had on scientists like Einstein. This book also tells the story of a tantalising new development in astronomy. For the first time astronomical observations are suggesting that some of the constants of Nature were different when the Universe was younger. So are our laws of Nature slowly changing? Is anything about our Universe immune from the ravages of time? Are there any constants of Nature at all?

Author : Savely G. Karshenboim,Ekkehard Peik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2004-08-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540219676

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Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants by Savely G. Karshenboim,Ekkehard Peik Pdf

The question of a possible temporal variation of the fundamental constants was raised by Paul Dirac in his "large number hypothesis" in 1937. Today it appears in the context of the search for a unified theory of the fundamental interactions. It touches both fundamental and applied physics, as the postulate of the unalterability of the constants is the foundation for modern metrology. The book presents reviews written by leading experts in the field. Focussing on the question of variations of the fundamental "constants" in time or space, the chapters cover the theoretical framework in which variations are expected and the search for variations of quantities like the fine-structure constant, the electron/proton mass ratio, g-factors of proton and neutron etc. in astrophysical and geophysical observations and in precision experiments with atomic clocks and frequency standards.

Author : J M T Thompson
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2005-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781783260195

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Advances in Astronomy by J M T Thompson Pdf

In this highly accessible book, leading scientists from around the world give a general overview of research advances in their subject areas within the field of Astronomy. They describe some of their own cutting-edge research and give their visions of the future. Re-written in a popular and well-illustrated style, the articles are mainly derived from scholarly and authoritative papers published in special issues of the Royal Society's Philosophical Transactions, the world's longest running scientific journal. Carefully selected by the journal's editor, topics include the Big Bang creation of the universe, the formation and evolution of the stars and galaxies, cold dark matter, explosive sun-spot events, and humankind's exploration of the solar system. The book conveys the excitement and enthusiasm of the authors for their work at the frontiers of astronomy. All are definitive reviews for people with a general interest in the future directions of science. Contents:Cosmology and the Big Bang:The Paradigm of Inflation (J García-Bellido)Small Scales, Big Issues for Cold Dark Matter (A J Benson)Violence and Black Holes in the Hearts of Galaxies (C G Mundell)Probing the Universe:Quest for Gravitational Waves (B S Sathyaprakash)Strong-Field Tests of Relativistic Gravity with Pulsars (M Kramer)Gamma-Ray Bursts as Cosmological Probes (N R Tanvir)Stars and Conditions for Life:Gamma-Ray Bursts (D Lazzati)Astrophysical Dust (M Gray)Extrasolar Planets (H R A Jones & J S Jenkins)Solar System and Climate Change:Our Solar System (A Coates)The Solar Dynamo (S Tobias)Explosions on the Sun (L K Harra)and other papers Readership: Research scientists, academics, graduates and post-graduates, and general readers with an interest in science. Key Features:A unique presentation of the latest cutting-edge research, written by world experts in a readable style akin to that of Scientific American or New ScientistBeautifully illustrated with diagrams and photographsIncludes a Foreword writer John BarrowKeywords:Astronomy;Cosmology;Big Bang;Stars;Galaxies;Dark Matter;Gamma-Ray Bursts;Cosmic Radiation;Solar System;Sun-Spots;Climate;Telescopes

Author : Oddbjorn Engvold
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521856043

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Reports on Astronomy 2003-2005 (IAU XXVIA) by Oddbjorn Engvold Pdf

Transactions XXVIA of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) provides a comprehensive and authoritative review of what has been achieved in astronomy during the years 2003 to 2005. The insightful and up-to-date reviews are written by the Presidents and Chairpersons of the IAU's different Divisions, Commissions and Working Groups and each focuses on a different subject area. Topics covered in this wide-ranging volume include: fundamental astronomy; the Sun and heliosphere; planetary systems sciences; stars; variable stars; interstellar matter; the Galactic system; galaxies and the Universe; optical and infrared techniques; radio astronomy; space and high energy astrophysics; and other IAU activities. The reviews are written at a level suitable for colleagues in the same field, but they will also be useful for students and researchers wishing to gain an overview beyond their own research area.

Author : Carlos Martins
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030496326

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The Universe Today by Carlos Martins Pdf

Starting out from humankind's earliest ideas about the cosmos, this book gives the reader a clear overview of our current understanding of the universe, including big bang theories and the formation of stars and galaxies, as well as addressing open questions. The author shows how our present view gradually developed from observations, and also how the outcome of ongoing research may still change this view. The book brings together concepts in physics and astronomy, including some history in both cases. The text is descriptive rather than technical: the goal is to present things rigorously and without oversimplification, by highlighting the crucial physical concepts. The only prerequisite is a qualitative knowledge of basic physics concepts at high-school level.

Author : Savely G. Karshenboim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540404899

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Precision Physics of Simple Atomic Systems by Savely G. Karshenboim Pdf

Recent progress with precision physics of simple atoms / S.G. Karshenboim, V.B. Smirnov -- Part I. The hydrogen atom: Coulomb green function and its applications in atomic theory / L.N. Labzowsky, D.A. Solovyev -- Part II. Muonic and exotic atoms and nuclear effects: Atomic cascade and precision physics with light muonic and hadronic atoms / T.S. Jensen, V.E. Markushin -- The structure of light nuclei and its effect on precise atomic measurements / J.L. Friar -- Deeply bound pionic states as an indicator of chiral symmetry restoration / T. Yamazaki -- Part III. Hydrogen-like ions: Virial relations for the dirac equation and their applications to calculations of hydrogen-like atoms / V.M. Shabaev -- Lamb shift experiments on high-Z one-electron systems / T. Stöhlker, D. Banaś, H. Beyer, A. Gumberidze -- Part IV. Testing quantum electrodynamics: Simple atoms, quantum electrodynamics, and fundamental constants / S.G. Karshenboim -- Resent results and current status of the muon (g-2) experiment at BNL / S.I. Redin [and others] -- Part V. Precision mearuements and fundamental constants: Single ion mass spectrometry at 100 ppt and beyond / S. Rainville, J.K. Thompson, D.E. Pritchard -- Current status of the problem of cosmological variability of fundamental physical constants / D.A. Varshalovich, A.V. IVANCHIK, A.V. Orlov, A.Y. Potekhin.

Author : Itzhak Bars,John Terning
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387776385

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Extra Dimensions in Space and Time by Itzhak Bars,John Terning Pdf

In physics, the idea of extra spatial dimensions originates from Nordstöm’s 5-dimensional vector theory in 1914, followed by Kaluza-Klein theory in 1921, in an effort to unify general relativity and electromagnetism in a 5 dimensional space-time (4 dimensions for space and 1 for time). Kaluza–Klein theory didn’t generate enough interest with physicist for the next five decades, due to its problems with inconsistencies. With the advent of supergravity theory (the theory that unifies general relativity and supersymmetry theories) in late 1970’s and eventually, string theories (1980s) and M-theory (1990s), the dimensions of space-time increased to 11 (10-space and 1-time dimension). There are two main features in this book that differentiates it from other books written about extra dimensions: The first feature is the coverage of extra dimensions in time (Two Time physics), which has not been covered in earlier books about extra dimensions. All other books mainly cover extra spatial dimensions. The second feature deals with level of presentation. The material is presented in a non-technical language followed by additional sections (in the form of appendices or footnotes) that explain the basic equations and formulas in the theories. This feature is very attractive to readers who want to find out more about the theories involved beyond the basic description for a layperson. The text is designed for scientifically literate non-specialists who want to know the latest discoveries in theoretical physics in a non-technical language. Readers with basic undergraduate background in modern physics and quantum mechanics can easily understand the technical sections. Part I starts with an overview of the Standard Model of particles and forces, notions of Einstein’s special and general relativity, and the overall view of the universe from the Big Bang to the present epoch, and covers Two-Time physics. 2T-physics has worked correctly at all scales of physics, both macroscopic and microscopic, for which there is experimental data so far. In addition to revealing hidden information even in familiar "everyday" physics, it also makes testable predictions in lesser known physics regimes that could be analyzed at the energy scales of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN or in cosmological observations." Part II of the book is focused on extra dimensions of space. It covers the following topics: The Popular View of Extra Dimensions, Einstein and the Fourth Dimension, Traditional Extra Dimensions, Einstein's Gravity, The Theory Formerly Known as String, Warped Extra Dimensions, and How Do We Look For Extra Dimensions?

Author : A.P. Lobanov,J.A. Zensus,C. Cesarsky,Ph. Diamond
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2007-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540397564

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Exploring the Cosmic Frontier by A.P. Lobanov,J.A. Zensus,C. Cesarsky,Ph. Diamond Pdf

On May 18-21, 2004, the Max-Planck-Society’s Harnack-Haus in Dahlem, Berlin hosted the international symposium "Exploring the Cosmic Frontier: Astrophysical Instruments for the 21st Century". The symposium was dedicated to exploring the complementarity and synergies between different branches of astrophysical research, by presenting and discussing the fundamental scientific problems that will be addressed in the next few decades.

Author : Edward Kolb
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429972492

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The Early Universe by Edward Kolb Pdf

The Early Universe has become the standard reference on forefront topics in cosmology, particularly to the early history of the Universe. Subjects covered include primordial nubleosynthesis, baryogenesis, phases transitions, inflation, dark matter, and galaxy formation, relics such as axions, neutrinos and monopoles, and speculations about the Universe at the Planck time. The book includes more than ninety figures as well as a five-page update discussing recent developments such as the COBE results.