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Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 791 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2007-05-23 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309101592
Preterm Birth by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes Pdf
The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Science and Babies by Institute of Medicine,Suzanne Wymelenberg Pdf
By all indicators, the reproductive health of Americans has been deteriorating since 1980. Our nation is troubled by rates of teen pregnancies and newborn deaths that are worse than almost all others in the Western world. Science and Babies is a straightforward presentation of the major reproductive issues we face that suggests answers for the public. The book discusses how the clash of opinions on sex and family planning prevents us from making a national commitment to reproductive health; why people in the United States have fewer contraceptive choices than those in many other countries; what we need to do to improve social and medical services for teens and people living in poverty; how couples should "shop" for a fertility service and make consumer-wise decisions; and what we can expect in the futureâ€"featuring interesting accounts of potential scientific advances.
Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight
Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 297 pages File Size : 55,8 Mb Release : 1985-01-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309306201
Preventing Low Birthweight by Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight Pdf
Despite recent declines in infant mortality, the rates of low birthweight deliveries in the United States continue to be high. Part I of this volume defines the significance of the problems, presents current data on risk factors and etiology, and reviews recent state and national trends in the incidence of low birthweight among various groups. Part II describes the preventive approaches found most desirable and considers their costs. Research needs are discussed throughout the volume.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 442 pages File Size : 55,9 Mb Release : 2013 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241548373
Pocket Book of Hospital Care for Children by World Health Organization Pdf
The Pocket Book is for use by doctors nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first level referral hospitals. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. In some settings these guidelines can be used in any facilities where sick children are admitted for inpatient care. The Pocket Book is one of a series of documents and tools that support the Integrated Managem.
Panel on Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing,National Research Council,Cheryl D. Hayes
Author : Panel on Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing,National Research Council,Cheryl D. Hayes Publisher : Unknown Page : 356 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 1987-01-15 Category : Family & Relationships ISBN : NAP:08525
Risking the Future by Panel on Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing,National Research Council,Cheryl D. Hayes Pdf
Abstract: This book presents the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Committee on Child Development Research and Public Policy within the National Research Council. The panel examined research and existing programs which address the areas of adolescent sexuality, pregnancy, and childbearing with the intent of making recommendations for policy making, program design, program evaluation, and research. The panel's report is presented in chapters addressing the following topics: trends in adolescent sexuality and fertility, society and changing roles of adolescents, determinants of sexual behavior, effects of adolescent childbearing, interventions, and priorities for data collection, research, policies, and programs. An accompanying volume contains the working papers on which the report was based. The working papers address three broad areas, which are: 1) influences on early sexual and fertility behavior, 2) consequences of early sexual and fertility behavior, and 3) programs and policies related to teen pregnancy and sexuality.
National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 706 pages File Size : 55,6 Mb Release : 2015-07-23 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9780309324885
Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on the Science of Children Birth to Age 8: Deepening and Broadening the Foundation for Success Pdf
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
The author deals with motor development, perception, cognition, and social development and considers the ways in which distinctions among these abilities are arbitrary and hinder evolution of an adequate account of infancy. Field (pediatrics, psychology, and psychiatry, U. of Miami School of Medicine) describes the recent research, focusing primarily on social- emotional development, but also considering the perceptual, cognitive, and motor development of the infant. She includes an account of the remarkable development of the fetus and a chapter on infants at risk. Paper edition (unseen), $7.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.),National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.). Office of Research Reporting
Author : National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.),National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.). Office of Research Reporting Publisher : Unknown Page : 20 pages File Size : 54,7 Mb Release : 1977 Category : Infants ISBN : MINN:319510028241776
Little Babies, Born Too Soon, Born Too Small by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.),National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.). Office of Research Reporting Pdf
This book is based on detailed weekly observations of infants in their home environment from shortly after birth until two years. Each infant's interactions, relationships, physical, emotional and cognitive development are systematically studied. The focus of the study is on vulnerable infants, and problems in their development encountered in the course of observations are carefully assessed in terms of risk and resilience. The aims of the book are to explore, first, how far these observations can contribute to the development of a new methodology for studying infancy; second, how this approach leads to the emergence of new theoretical concepts and, third, how this study can influence professionals in the field. The book demonstrates that these observations can combine theoretical perspectives from psychoanalysis and child development psychology and can extend both kinds of theory. Comparisons between the infants leads to the development of a theoretical model, and this is demonstrated throughout the five case studies. The findings from the study concentrate on continuity and change in infant development and how the model facilitated conceptualisations and comparisons of infant development. The book ends with considered conclusions about risk in infancy and the scope for further research. The book will be essential for all engaged in the study of infancy, and for professionals working with infants, young children and their families.
Helping Low Birth Weight, Premature Babies by Ruth T. Gross,Donna Spiker,Christine W. Haynes Pdf
Each year in the United States, 250,000 infants are born too soon, weighing too little. For these low birth weight, premature infants, the future is uncertain, since they are at risk for a variety of serious medical and developmental problemsincluding behavioral and learning disorders that may have damaging effects for the rest of their lives. The extent to which a comprehensive early intervention program could improve or prevent these adverse outcomes was examined in the Infant Health and Development Program, a randomized controlled trial involving almost 1,000 infants in eight cities in the United States. This book describes in detail the program, its research methodology, the progress of the program, and the results of the clinical trial. The program was administered by an interdisciplinary team composed of physicians, biostatisticians, child development specialists, and researchers from several disciplines. It was instituted upon the discharge of the infants from the neonatal nursery and was maintained for three years. One-third of the infants were randomly assigned to an intervention group, the remainder to a follow-up group. Infants in both groups received pediatric care and community referral services, but only those in the intervention group participated in a program that included extensive home visits, attendance at a child development center, and group meetings for parents. The results of the program proved to be clinically important; at age three, the children in the intervention group had significantly higher IQ scores, greater cognitive development, and fewer behavioral problems. The implications of the findings for public policy are equally important, for there is increasing interest in the prevention, early detection, and management of developmental disabilities in children, as evidenced by such legislation as the Education for All Children Act. Strategies to minimize the problems of low birth weight children, with their potential for long-term savings through the prevention of disabilities and their attendant costs, could have significant repercussions in such governmental areas as medical care, education, and social welfare.
Infants at Risk by Richard B. Kearsley,Irving E. Sigel Pdf
What methodologies within the behavioral sciences have clinical application for the diagnosis and management of high risk and handicapped infants? Originally published in 1979, this volume not only deals with this issue, but illustrates the contributions that behavioral science may have offered those called upon to evaluate the cognitive consequences of perinatal high risk factors at the time. The inadequacies of some measures used to assess intellectual competence in retardates are juxtaposed with the sophisticated methodologies that may be employed to document early mental abilities. Also included are assessment procedures that bypass reliance on neuromotor performance, imitation, or language production. The authors draw attention to the discontinuous nature of cognitive development, to the possibility that mental and motor development may proceed independently, and to the plasticity of the developing CNS, which may overcome early deficits if underlying competences are recognized and exposed to appropriate stimulation. Here is a volume that does not simply catalog the nature of the child’s accomplishments and deficits, but emphasizes the need to examine his potential for learning, and offers various methodologies that may be of value in documenting the child’s continuing cognitive development. This book is a re-issue originally published in 1979. The language used is a reflection of its era and no offence is meant by the Publishers to any reader by this re-publication.