The Disunity Of Science

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The Disunity of Science

Peter Louis Galison,David J. Stump
The Disunity of Science Book PDF

Author : Peter Louis Galison,David J. Stump
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : 0804725624

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The Disunity of Science by Peter Louis Galison,David J. Stump Pdf

Is science unified or disunified? Over the last century, the question has raised the interest (and hackles) of scientists, philosophers, historians, and sociologists of science, for at stake is how science and society fit together. Recent years have seen a turn largely against the rhetoric of unity, ranging from the please of condensed matter physicists for disciplinary autonomy all the way to discussions in the humanities and social sciences that involve local history, feminism, multiculturalism, postmodernism, scientific relativism and realism, and social constructivism. Many of these varied aspects of the debate over the disunity of science are reflected in this volume, which brings together a number of scholars studying science who otherwise have had little to say to each other: feminist theorists, philosophers of science, sociologists of science. How does the context of discover shape knowledge? What are the philosophical consequences of a disunified science? Does, for example, an antirealism, a realism, or an arealism become defensible within a picture of local scientific knowledge? What politics lies behind and follows from a picture of the world of science more like a quilt than a pyramid? Who gains and loses if representation of science has standards that vary from place to place, field to field, and practitioner to practitioner.

The Disorder of Things

John Dupré
The Disorder of Things Book PDF

Author : John Dupré
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674212614

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The Disorder of Things by John Dupré Pdf

With this manifesto, John Dupré systematically attacks the ideal of scientific unity by showing how its underlying assumptions are at odds with the central conclusions of science itself.

Instrumental Biology, Or The Disunity of Science

Alexander Rosenberg
Instrumental Biology Or The Disunity of Science Book PDF

Author : Alexander Rosenberg
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1994-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0226727254

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Instrumental Biology, Or The Disunity of Science by Alexander Rosenberg Pdf

Do the sciences aim to uncover the structure of nature, or are they ultimately a practical means of controlling our environment? In Instrumental Biology, or the Disunity of Science, Alexander Rosenberg argues that while physics and chemistry can develop laws that reveal the structure of natural phenomena, biology is fated to be a practical, instrumental discipline. Because of the complexity produced by natural selection, and because of the limits on human cognition, scientists are prevented from uncovering the basic structure of biological phenomena. Consequently, biology and all of the disciplines that rest upon it—psychology and the other human sciences—must aim at most to provide practical tools for coping with the natural world rather than a complete theoretical understanding of it.

Human Nature and the Limits of Science

John Dupré
Human Nature and the Limits of Science Book PDF

Author : John Dupré
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199248063

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Human Nature and the Limits of Science by John Dupré Pdf

Dupré warns that our understanding of human nature is being distorted by two faulty and harmful forms of pseudo-scientific thinking. He claims it is important to resist scientism - an exaggerated conception of what science can be expected to do.

Disunity in Christ

Christena Cleveland
Disunity in Christ Book PDF

Author : Christena Cleveland
Publisher : InterVarsity Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-04
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780830864959

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Disunity in Christ by Christena Cleveland Pdf

Leadership Journal Book Award Readers' Choice Awards Honorable Mention Despite Jesus' prayer that all Christians "be one," divisions have been epidemic in the body of Christ from the beginning to the present. We cluster in theological groups, gender groups, age groups, ethnic groups, educational and economic groups. We criticize freely those who disagree with us, don't look like us, don't act like us and don't even like what we like. Though we may think we know why this happens, Christena Cleveland says we probably don't. In this eye-opening book, learn the hidden reasons behind conflict and divisions. Learn: Why I think all my friends are unique but those in other groups are all the same Why little differences often become big sources of conflict Why categorizing others is often automatic and helpful but can also have sinister side effects Why we are so often victims of groupthink and how we can avoid it Why women think men are judging them more negatively than men actually are, and vice versa Why choices of language can actually affect unity With a personal touch and the trained eye of a social psychologist, Cleveland brings to bear the latest studies and research on the unseen dynamics at work that tend to separate us from others. Learn why Christians who have a heart for unity have such a hard time actually uniting. The author provides real insight for ministry leaders who have attempted to build bridges across boundaries. Here are the tools we need to understand how we can overcome the hidden forces that divide us.

The Chances of Explanation

Paul Humphreys
The Chances of Explanation Book PDF

Author : Paul Humphreys
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781400860760

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The Chances of Explanation by Paul Humphreys Pdf

This book provides a post-positivist theory of deterministic and probabilistic causality that supports both quantitative and qualitative explanations. Features of particular interest include the ability to provide true explanations in contexts where our knowledge is incomplete, a systematic interpretation of causal modeling techniques in the social sciences, and a direct realist view of causal relations that is compatible with a liberal empiricism. The book should be of wide interest to both philosophers and scientists. Originally published in 1989. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Special Sciences and the Unity of Science

Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman
Special Sciences and the Unity of Science Book PDF

Author : Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400720305

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Special Sciences and the Unity of Science by Olga Pombo,Juan Manuel Torres,John Symons,Shahid Rahman Pdf

Science is a dynamic process in which the assimilation of new phenomena, perspectives, and hypotheses into the scientific corpus takes place slowly. The apparent disunity of the sciences is the unavoidable consequence of this gradual integration process. Some thinkers label this dynamical circumstance a ‘crisis’. However, a retrospective view of the practical results of the scientific enterprise and of science itself, grants us a clear view of the unity of the human knowledge seeking enterprise. This book provides many arguments, case studies and examples in favor of the unity of science. These contributions touch upon various scientific perspectives and disciplines such as: Physics, Computer Science, Biology, Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology, and Economics.

Emergence

Mark Bedau,Paul Humphreys
Emergence Book PDF

Author : Mark Bedau,Paul Humphreys
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Emergence (Philosophy).
ISBN : UOM:39015079357979

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Emergence by Mark Bedau,Paul Humphreys Pdf

Readings on the idea of emergence in evolution and classical works on emergence found in contemporary philosophy and science. Australian contributor.

Scientific Pluralism Reconsidered

Stephanie Ruphy
Scientific Pluralism Reconsidered Book PDF

Author : Stephanie Ruphy
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822981534

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Scientific Pluralism Reconsidered by Stephanie Ruphy Pdf

Can we expect our scientific theories to make up a unified structure, or do they form a kind of “patchwork” whose pieces remain independent from each other? Does the proliferation of sometimes-incompatible representations of the same phenomenon compromise the ability of science to deliver reliable knowledge? Is there a single correct way to classify things that science should try to discover, or is taxonomic pluralism here to stay? These questions are at the heart of philosophical debate on the unity or plurality of science, one of the most central issues in philosophy of science today. This book offers a critical overview and a new structure of this debate. It focuses on the methodological, epistemic, and metaphysical commitments of various philosophical attitudes surrounding monism and pluralism, and offers novel perspectives and pluralist theses on scientific methods and objects, reductionism, plurality of representations, natural kinds, and scientific classifications.

Metaphysics and the Disunity of Scientific Knowledge

Steve Clarke
Metaphysics and the Disunity of Scientific Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Steve Clarke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015042039910

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Metaphysics and the Disunity of Scientific Knowledge by Steve Clarke Pdf

The central current of ideas in modern philosophy - through Hume, Kant and Hegel, to the present - can be understood as a reaction to the percieved threat of disorder. Against this background, the author argues for acceptance of a metaphysics of disorder, and outlines a number of important philosophical consequences of such an acceptance. When appropriately constrained by empiricist concern, such a metaphysics allows us to make sense of ourselves as as knowers who must make do in a world of complexity and uncertainty. We make do by learning to export knowledge, gained where we can get it, to the many situations where knowledge eludes us. An account of causal and idealizational reasoning in science, which has much in common with the recent work of Nancy Cartwright, is developed to exemplify the main argument. The author's philosophical position is contrasted with that of recent post modernists, notably Richard Rorty.

The Tyranny of Science

Paul K. Feyerabend
The Tyranny of Science Book PDF

Author : Paul K. Feyerabend
Publisher : Polity
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0745651895

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The Tyranny of Science by Paul K. Feyerabend Pdf

Paul Feyerabend is one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century and his book Against Method is an international bestseller. In this new book he masterfully weaves together the main elements of his mature philosophy into a gripping tale: the story of the rise of rationalism in Ancient Greece that eventually led to the entrenchment of a mythical ‘scientific worldview’. In this wide-ranging and accessible book Feyerabend challenges some modern myths about science, including the myth that ‘science is successful’. He argues that some very basic assumptions about science are simply false and that substantial parts of scientific ideology were created on the basis of superficial generalizations that led to absurd misconceptions about the nature of human life. Far from solving the pressing problems of our age, such as war and poverty, scientific theorizing glorifies ephemeral generalities, at the cost of confronting the real particulars that make life meaningful. Objectivity and generality are based on abstraction, and as such, they come at a high price. For abstraction drives a wedge between our thoughts and our experience, resulting in the degeneration of both. Theoreticians, as opposed to practitioners, tend to impose a tyranny on the concepts they use, abstracting away from the subjective experience that makes life meaningful. Feyerabend concludes by arguing that practical experience is a better guide to reality than any theory, by itself, ever could be, and he stresses that there is no tyranny that cannot be resisted, even if it is exerted with the best possible intentions. Provocative and iconoclastic, The Tyranny of Science is one of Feyerabend’s last books and one of his best. It will be widely read by everyone interested in the role that science has played, and continues to play, in the shaping of the modern world.

Conceptual Change and the Philosophy of Science

David J. Stump
Conceptual Change and the Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : David J. Stump
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317495383

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Conceptual Change and the Philosophy of Science by David J. Stump Pdf

In this book, David Stump traces alternative conceptions of the a priori in the philosophy of science and defends a unique position in the current debates over conceptual change and the constitutive elements in science. Stump emphasizes the unique epistemological status of the constitutive elements of scientific theories, constitutive elements being the necessary preconditions that must be assumed in order to conduct a particular scientific inquiry. These constitutive elements, such as logic, mathematics, and even some fundamental laws of nature, were once taken to be a priori knowledge but can change, thus leading to a dynamic or relative a priori. Stump critically examines developments in thinking about constitutive elements in science as a priori knowledge, from Kant’s fixed and absolute a priori to Quine’s holistic empiricism. By examining the relationship between conceptual change and the epistemological status of constitutive elements in science, Stump puts forward an argument that scientific revolutions can be explained and relativism can be avoided without resorting to universals or absolutes.

Unity and Fragmentation in Psychology

Nicolò Gaj
Unity and Fragmentation in Psychology Book PDF

Author : Nicolò Gaj
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317313489

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Unity and Fragmentation in Psychology by Nicolò Gaj Pdf

Psychology has always defined itself as a science and yet it has lacked the theoretical and methodological unity regarded as characteristic of the natural sciences. Nicolò Gaj explores the topical question of unification in psychology, setting out a conceptual framework for considerations of unity and disunity, and exploring the evidence of its fragmentation. He takes a critical look at the history of the most prominent attempts at unification, and at the desirability and feasibility of the whole project. The book represents a unique and valuable attempt to address the issue of unification from a philosophical perspective, and via a combination of theoretical and empirical research.

Unity of Science

Tuomas E. Tahko
Unity of Science Book PDF

Author : Tuomas E. Tahko
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108604567

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Unity of Science by Tuomas E. Tahko Pdf

Unity of science was once a very popular idea among both philosophers and scientists. But it has fallen out of fashion, largely because of its association with reductionism and the challenge from multiple realisation. Pluralism and the disunity of science are the new norm, and higher-level natural kinds and special science laws are considered to have an important role in scientific practice. What kind of reductionism does multiple realisability challenge? What does it take to reduce one phenomenon to another? How do we determine which kinds are natural? What is the ontological basis of unity? In this Element, Tuomas Tahko examines these questions from a contemporary perspective, after a historical overview. The upshot is that there is still value in the idea of a unity of science. We can combine a modest sense of unity with pluralism and give an ontological analysis of unity in terms of natural kind monism. This title is available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

The Problem of the Unity of Science

Académie internationale de philosophie des sciences. Meeting,Evandro Agazzi,Jan Faye
The Problem of the Unity of Science Book PDF

Author : Académie internationale de philosophie des sciences. Meeting,Evandro Agazzi,Jan Faye
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812799593

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The Problem of the Unity of Science by Académie internationale de philosophie des sciences. Meeting,Evandro Agazzi,Jan Faye Pdf

The unity of science has been a widely discussed issue both in the philosophy of science and within several sciences. Reductionism has often been seen as the means of bringing the different sciences to a fundamental unity by reference to some basic science, but it shows many limitations. Multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity have also been proposed as methodologies for attaining unity without underestimating the diversity of the sciences. This volume starts with a clarification of the possible meanings of this unity and then discusses the features of the mentioned approaches to unity, evaluating the success and the shortcomings of the unification programme among different sciences and within a single science. Contents: The General Framework: What Does ''The Unity of Science'' Mean? (E Agazzi); The Unity of Disunity (J Faye); Sciences of Nature and Sciences of Man: On a Difference between Natural Science and the Interpretive Sciences of Man (F Collin); Natural Sciences and Human Sciences (G M Prosperi); Overcoming Reductionism: Complexity, Reductionism, and the Unity of Science (J Ricard); The Consilience Approach to the Unity of Science (B Kanitscheider); The Unity Within a Single Science: The Problem of Unity in a Single Field of Science (A Cordero); The Unity of Particle Physics and Cosmology? The Case of the Cosmological Constant (J Mosterin); Is Quantum Mechanics a Universal Theory ? (B d''Espagnat); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students and academics in the philosophy of science.