The Enculturated Gene

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The Enculturated Gene

Duana Fullwiley
The Enculturated Gene Book PDF

Author : Duana Fullwiley
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691123172

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The Enculturated Gene by Duana Fullwiley Pdf

In the 1980s, a research team led by Parisian scientists identified several unique DNA sequences, or haplotypes, linked to sickle cell anemia in African populations. After casual observations of how patients managed this painful blood disorder, the researchers in question postulated that the Senegalese type was less severe. The Enculturated Gene traces how this genetic discourse has blotted from view the roles that Senegalese patients and doctors have played in making sickle cell "mild" in a social setting where public health priorities and economic austerity programs have forced people to improvise informal strategies of care. Duana Fullwiley shows how geneticists, who were fixated on population differences, never investigated the various modalities of self-care that people developed in this context of biomedical scarcity, and how local doctors, confronted with dire cuts in Senegal's health sector, wittingly accepted the genetic prognosis of better-than-expected health outcomes. Unlike most genetic determinisms that highlight the absoluteness of disease, DNA haplotypes for sickle cell in Senegal did the opposite. As Fullwiley demonstrates, they allowed the condition to remain officially invisible, never to materialize as a health priority. At the same time, scientists' attribution of a less severe form of Senegalese sickle cell to isolated DNA sequences closed off other explanations of this population's measured biological success. The Enculturated Gene reveals how the notion of an advantageous form of sickle cell in this part of West Africa has defined--and obscured--the nature of this illness in Senegal today.

The Enculturated Gene

Duana Fullwiley
The Enculturated Gene Book PDF

Author : Duana Fullwiley
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2011-11-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781400840410

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The Enculturated Gene by Duana Fullwiley Pdf

In the 1980s, a research team led by Parisian scientists identified several unique DNA sequences, or haplotypes, linked to sickle cell anemia in African populations. After casual observations of how patients managed this painful blood disorder, the researchers in question postulated that the Senegalese type was less severe. The Enculturated Gene traces how this genetic discourse has blotted from view the roles that Senegalese patients and doctors have played in making sickle cell "mild" in a social setting where public health priorities and economic austerity programs have forced people to improvise informal strategies of care. Duana Fullwiley shows how geneticists, who were fixated on population differences, never investigated the various modalities of self-care that people developed in this context of biomedical scarcity, and how local doctors, confronted with dire cuts in Senegal's health sector, wittingly accepted the genetic prognosis of better-than-expected health outcomes. Unlike most genetic determinisms that highlight the absoluteness of disease, DNA haplotypes for sickle cell in Senegal did the opposite. As Fullwiley demonstrates, they allowed the condition to remain officially invisible, never to materialize as a health priority. At the same time, scientists' attribution of a less severe form of Senegalese sickle cell to isolated DNA sequences closed off other explanations of this population's measured biological success. The Enculturated Gene reveals how the notion of an advantageous form of sickle cell in this part of West Africa has defined--and obscured--the nature of this illness in Senegal today. Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.

Genetic Testing

Sarah Boslaugh
Genetic Testing Book PDF

Author : Sarah Boslaugh
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781440866517

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Genetic Testing by Sarah Boslaugh Pdf

Genetic testing has provided important clues to understanding our health, but it has also raised many ethical, legal, and medical questions and concerns. This book explores the breadth of genetic testing, its possibilities, and the controversies that surround its use. The mapping of the human genome has paved the way for a variety of genetic tests. Expectant mothers can have their fetus screened for a variety of genetic abnormalities, and couples worried that they might be carriers for a genetic disorder can be tested before deciding to have children. Women can be screened for the BRCA2 gene that has been linked to increased risk of breast cancer. Individuals curious about their ancestry can find out more about their heritage. Genetic testing can also be used to establish paternity and help solve crimes. Part of Greenwood's Health and Medical Issues Today series, this book is divided into three sections. Part I explores the history of genetic testing, including the rise of direct-to-consumer tests, and outlines the current applications and contexts in which genetic testing is performed. Part II delves deep into the ethical, legal, financial, medical, and psychological issues and controversies that surround genetic testing. Part III provides a variety of useful materials, including case studies, a timeline of critical events, and a directory of resources.

Race and the Genetic Revolution

Sheldon Krimsky,Kathleen Sloan
Race and the Genetic Revolution Book PDF

Author : Sheldon Krimsky,Kathleen Sloan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Genetics
ISBN : 9780231156974

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Race and the Genetic Revolution by Sheldon Krimsky,Kathleen Sloan Pdf

"A project of the Council for Responsible Genetics."

Genetic Crossroads

Elise K. Burton
Genetic Crossroads Book PDF

Author : Elise K. Burton
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781503614574

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Genetic Crossroads by Elise K. Burton Pdf

The Middle East plays a major role in the history of genetic science. Early in the twentieth century, technological breakthroughs in human genetics coincided with the birth of modern Middle Eastern nation-states, who proclaimed that the region's ancient history—as a cradle of civilizations and crossroads of humankind—was preserved in the bones and blood of their citizens. Using letters and publications from the 1920s to the present, Elise K. Burton follows the field expeditions and hospital surveys that scrutinized the bodies of tribal nomads and religious minorities. These studies, geneticists claim, not only detect the living descendants of biblical civilizations but also reveal the deeper past of human evolution. Genetic Crossroads is an unprecedented history of human genetics in the Middle East, from its roots in colonial anthropology and medicine to recent genome sequencing projects. It illuminates how scientists from Turkey to Yemen, Egypt to Iran, transformed genetic data into territorial claims and national origin myths. Burton shows why such nationalist appropriations of genetics are not local or temporary aberrations, but rather the enduring foundations of international scientific interest in Middle Eastern populations to this day.

The Oxford Handbook of Cultural Neuroscience and Global Mental Health

Joan Y. Chiao,Shu Chen Li,Robert Turner,Su Yeon Lee-Tauler,Beverly Pringle
The Oxford Handbook of Cultural Neuroscience and Global Mental Health Book PDF

Author : Joan Y. Chiao,Shu Chen Li,Robert Turner,Su Yeon Lee-Tauler,Beverly Pringle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 673 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190057695

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The Oxford Handbook of Cultural Neuroscience and Global Mental Health by Joan Y. Chiao,Shu Chen Li,Robert Turner,Su Yeon Lee-Tauler,Beverly Pringle Pdf

"The Oxford Handbook of Cultural Neuroscience and Global Mental Health provides a substantive and in-depth overview of the study of cultural neuroscience and global mental health. Theory, methods and evidence-based practices are reviewed and integrated across themes that identify ethical, scientific, and health care issues for distinct populations across nations. The international research collaboration in the field of cultural neuroscience and global mental health provides research and training opportunities for global mental health researchers. Future research and training in the field seeks the achievement of the amelioration of disease and fulfillment of the goal to alleviate the unmet societal needs due to the global burden of disease"--

An Anthropology of Biomedicine

Margaret M. Lock,Vinh-Kim Nguyen
An Anthropology of Biomedicine Book PDF

Author : Margaret M. Lock,Vinh-Kim Nguyen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781119069133

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An Anthropology of Biomedicine by Margaret M. Lock,Vinh-Kim Nguyen Pdf

In this fully revised and updated second edition of An Anthropology of Biomedicine, authors Lock and Nguyen introduce biomedicine from an anthropological perspective, exploring the entanglement of material bodies with history, environment, culture, and politics. Drawing on historical and ethnographic work, the book critiques the assumption made by the biological sciences of a universal human body that can be uniformly standardized. It focuses on the ways in which the application of biomedical technologies brings about radical changes to societies at large based on socioeconomic inequalities and ethical disputes, and develops and integrates the theory that the human body in health and illness is not an ontological given but a moveable, malleable entity. This second edition includes new chapters on: microbiology and the microbiome; global health; and, the self as a socio-technical system. In addition, all chapters have been comprehensively revised to take account of developments from within this fast-paced field, in the intervening years between publications. References and figures have also been updated throughout. This highly-regarded and award-winning textbook (Winner of the 2010 Prose Award for Archaeology and Anthropology) retains the character and features of the previous edition. Its coverage remains broad, including discussion of: biomedical technologies in practice; anthropologies of medicine; biology and human experiments; infertility and assisted reproduction; genomics, epigenomics, and uncertain futures; and molecularizing racial difference, ensuring it remains the essential text for students of anthropology, medical anthropology as well as public and global health.

Brown Skins, White Coats

Projit Bihari Mukharji
Brown Skins White Coats Book PDF

Author : Projit Bihari Mukharji
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2023-02-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226823003

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Brown Skins, White Coats by Projit Bihari Mukharji Pdf

A unique narrative structure brings the history of race science in mid-twentieth-century India to vivid life. There has been a recent explosion in studies of race science in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, but most have focused either on Europe or on North America and Australia. In this stirring history, Projit Bihari Mukharji illustrates how India appropriated and repurposed race science to its own ends and argues that these appropriations need to be understood within the national and regional contexts of postcolonial nation-making—not merely as footnotes to a Western history of “normal science.” The book comprises seven factual chapters operating at distinct levels—conceptual, practical, and cosmological—and eight fictive interchapters, a series of epistolary exchanges between the Bengali author Hemendrakumar Ray (1888–1963) and the protagonist of his dystopian science fiction novel about race, race science, racial improvement, and dehumanization. In this way, Mukharji fills out the historical moment in which the factual narrative unfolded, vividly revealing its moral, affective, political, and intellectual fissures.

The Origin of the Jews

Steven Weitzman
The Origin of the Jews Book PDF

Author : Steven Weitzman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-02
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780691191652

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The Origin of the Jews by Steven Weitzman Pdf

The scholarly quest to answer the question of Jewish origins The Jews have one of the longest continuously recorded histories of any people in the world, but what do we actually know about their origins? While many think the answer to this question can be found in the Bible, others look to archaeology or genetics. Some skeptics have even sought to debunk the very idea that the Jews have a common origin. Steven Weitzman takes a learned and lively look at what we know—or think we know—about where the Jews came from, when they arose, and how they came to be. He sheds new light on the assumptions and biases of those seeking answers—and the religious and political agendas that have made finding answers so elusive. Introducing many approaches and theories, The Origin of the Jews brings needed clarity and historical context to this enduring and divisive topic.

The Politics of Knowledge in the Biomedical Sciences

Jonathan Jansen,Jess Auerbach
The Politics of Knowledge in the Biomedical Sciences Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Jansen,Jess Auerbach
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031319136

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The Politics of Knowledge in the Biomedical Sciences by Jonathan Jansen,Jess Auerbach Pdf

In the wake of the decolonization movement in South Africa and around the world, this edited work presents fresh evidence and advances new arguments on the politics and economics of colonial biomedical knowledge in South Africa and other parts of the African continent. Covering a richly diverse set of fields---including human genetics, obstetrics, occupational therapy, medical photography and the vaccine sciences---the book demonstrates the troubled histories and the enduring effects of imperial knowledge decades since the end of colonial rule and apartheid. This is a valuable text on the politics of the biomedical sciences written from the perspective of the African continent, and at the same time it revisits knowledge/power relationships between the majority (“global South”) and minority (“global north”) words in a historical perspective and in their contemporary expression in the disciplines. The immediate benefit is a reference resource for medical science researchers, and a teaching text for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students. The book is further composed as an accessible, readable and interesting text on politics and medicine in Africa for the discerning lay reader.

Routledge Handbook of Genomics, Health and Society

Sahra Gibbon,Barbara Prainsack,Stephen Hilgartner,Janelle Lamoreaux
Routledge Handbook of Genomics Health and Society Book PDF

Author : Sahra Gibbon,Barbara Prainsack,Stephen Hilgartner,Janelle Lamoreaux
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781315451671

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Routledge Handbook of Genomics, Health and Society by Sahra Gibbon,Barbara Prainsack,Stephen Hilgartner,Janelle Lamoreaux Pdf

The Handbook provides an essential resource at the interface of Genomics, Health and Society, and forms a crucial research tool for both new students and established scholars across biomedicine and social sciences. Building from and extending the first Routledge Handbook of Genetics and Society, the book offers a comprehensive introduction to pivotal themes within the field, an overview of the current state of the art knowledge on genomics, science and society, and an outline of emerging areas of research. Key themes addressed include the way genomic based DNA technologies have become incorporated into diverse arenas of clinical practice and research whilst also extending beyond the clinic; the role of genomics in contemporary ‘bioeconomies’; how challenges in the governance of medical genomics can both reconfigure and stabilise regulatory processes and jurisdictional boundaries; how questions of diversity and justice are situated across different national and transnational terrains of genomic research; and how genomics informs – and is shaped by – developments in fields such as epigenetics, synthetic biology, stem cell, microbial and animal model research. Presenting cutting edge research from leading social science scholars, the Handbook provides a unique and important contribution to the field. It brings a rich and varied cross disciplinary social science perspective that engages with both the history and contemporary context of genomics and ‘post-genomics’, and considers the now global and transnational terrain in which these developments are unfolding.

The Palgrave Handbook of the Anthropology of Technology

Maja Hojer Bruun,Ayo Wahlberg,Rachel Douglas-Jones,Cathrine Hasse,Klaus Hoeyer,Dorthe Brogård Kristensen,Brit Ross Winthereik
The Palgrave Handbook of the Anthropology of Technology Book PDF

Author : Maja Hojer Bruun,Ayo Wahlberg,Rachel Douglas-Jones,Cathrine Hasse,Klaus Hoeyer,Dorthe Brogård Kristensen,Brit Ross Winthereik
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 809 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789811670848

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The Palgrave Handbook of the Anthropology of Technology by Maja Hojer Bruun,Ayo Wahlberg,Rachel Douglas-Jones,Cathrine Hasse,Klaus Hoeyer,Dorthe Brogård Kristensen,Brit Ross Winthereik Pdf

This Handbook offers an overview of the thriving and diverse field of anthropological studies of technology. It features 39 original chapters, each reviewing the state of the art of current research and enlivening the field of study through ethnographic analysis of human-technology interfaces, forms of social organisation, technological practices and/or systems of belief and meaning in different parts of the world. The Handbook is organised around some of the most important characteristics of anthropological studies of technology today: the diverse knowledge practices that technologies involve and on which they depend; the communities, collectives, and categories that emerge around technologies; anthropology’s contribution to proliferating debates on ethics, values, and morality in relation to technology; and infrastructures that highlight how all technologies are embedded in broader political economies and socio-historical processes that shape and often reinforce inequality and discrimination while also generating diversity. All chapters share a commitment to human experiences, embodiments, practices, and materialities in the daily lives of those people and institutions involved in the development, manufacturing, deployment, and/or use of particular technologies. Chapters 11 and 31 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Reproductive Injustice

Dana-Ain Davis
Reproductive Injustice Book PDF

Author : Dana-Ain Davis
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479812271

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Reproductive Injustice by Dana-Ain Davis Pdf

A troubling study of the role that medical racism plays in the lives of black women who have given birth to premature and low birth weight infants Black women have higher rates of premature birth than other women in America. This cannot be simply explained by economic factors, with poorer women lacking resources or access to care. Even professional, middle-class black women are at a much higher risk of premature birth than low-income white women in the United States. Dána-Ain Davis looks into this phenomenon, placing racial differences in birth outcomes into a historical context, revealing that ideas about reproduction and race today have been influenced by the legacy of ideas which developed during the era of slavery. While poor and low-income black women are often the “mascots” of premature birth outcomes, this book focuses on professional black women, who are just as likely to give birth prematurely. Drawing on an impressive array of interviews with nearly fifty mothers, fathers, neonatologists, nurses, midwives, and reproductive justice advocates, Dána-Ain Davis argues that events leading up to an infant’s arrival in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and the parents’ experiences while they are in the NICU, reveal subtle but pernicious forms of racism that confound the perceived class dynamics that are frequently understood to be a central factor of premature birth. The book argues not only that medical racism persists and must be considered when examining adverse outcomes—as well as upsetting experiences for parents—but also that NICUs and life-saving technologies should not be the only strategies for improving the outcomes for black pregnant women and their babies. Davis makes the case for other avenues, such as community-based birthing projects, doulas, and midwives, that support women during pregnancy and labor are just as important and effective in avoiding premature births and mortality.

The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Global Health

Tsitsi B. Masvawure,Ellen E. Foley
The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Global Health Book PDF

Author : Tsitsi B. Masvawure,Ellen E. Foley
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2024-03-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781003859079

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The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Global Health by Tsitsi B. Masvawure,Ellen E. Foley Pdf

The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Global Health provides an overview of the complex relationship between anthropology and global health. The book brings together a diverse group of scholars who consider the intersection of anthropological concerns with health and disease as understood and intervened upon by the field of global health. The book is structured around five sections: (1) social, cultural, and political determinants of health; (2) knowledge production in anthropology and global health; (3) persistent invisibilities in global health; (4) reimagining a critical global health; and (5) new horizons in anthropology and global health. Over these five themes a range of topics is explored, including: rare diseases medical pluralism universal global health protocols HIV health security indigenous communities (non)communicable diseases decolonizing global health The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Global Health is an essential resource for upper-level students and researchers in anthropology, global health, sociology, international development, health studies, and politics.

Life on Ice

Joanna Radin
Life on Ice Book PDF

Author : Joanna Radin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226417318

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Life on Ice by Joanna Radin Pdf

Preface: frozen spirits -- Introduction: within cold blood -- The technoscience of life at low temperature -- Latent life in biomedicine's ice age -- Temporalities of salvage -- "As yet unknown": life for the future -- "Before it's too late": life from the past -- Collecting, maintaining, reusing, and returning -- Managing the cold chain: making life mobile -- When futures arrive: lives after time -- Epilogue: thawing spirits